<••'
.2.37
THE DE WALDEN LIBRARY
SOME FEUDAL
LORDS AND
THEIR SEALS
SOME i UDAL LORDS AND
THKIR SEALS MCGCJ WITH
AN INTRODUCTION BY LORD
HOWARD DE WALDEN
THE I WALD1 LIBRARY
SOME FEUDAL LORDS AND
THEIR SEALS MCCCJ WITH
AN INTRODUCTION BY LORD
HOWARD DE WALDEN
THE DE WALDEN LIBRARY
CO
To the Peers of Parliament.
MY LORDS,
The fact that a copy of the Barons' Letter to Pope Boniface
in 1301 with their seals was admitted in evidence before the " Committee
for Privileges " in the recent claim to the Baronies of Fauconberg, Darcy
(de Knayth), and Meinill, has revived the peculiar interest attaching to this
ancient record.
As the majority of these Feudal Barons served with Edward the First
in his later wars, the history of their lives and actions is in miniature the
history of those times. Partly for this reason, and partly because of the
\. _
rare series of heraldic seals formerly attached to the letter, I have ventured
in all diffidence to put forth this illustrated historical account for your
Lordships' most generous consideration.
Your obedient servant,
HOWARD DE WALDEN.
CONTENTS.
Barons' Seals, " A " Series, reduced facsimile
Dedication— To the Peers of Parliament
Introduction
Papal Bull claiming Sovereignty over Scotland
Barons' Reply, " A " Scries, facsimile
Barons' Reply ...
Barons' Reply, " B " Series, facsimile
Barons' Seals, " B " Scries, reduced facsimile
Barons' Reply, with Seals, " B " Series, tricked by Nicholas Charles, Lancaster Herald,
26 October 161 1, facsimile
The Wars across the Marches ... ... ... ...
Gaveston and the Dcspencers
Cords and Seals, i to 26
Frontispiece
v
ix
xiij
xvij
xviij
XX
XXI
xxij
xxxix
xliv
I, 5, &c.
\.\MKS OK TIM: BARONS WHO JOINKU IN THK REPLY TO THK POPE : -
PAGE
*ap Adam, John, lord of Bevcrston ... ... ... 188
Air.ndel, Richard, Karl of ... ... ... xxviij, 21
Bardolf, Hugh de, lord of Wormcgay ... xxxiv, 141
Hellocampo, John de, lord of Hacche ... ... xxxij, 57
Kcllocampo, Walter de, lord of Alcester ... xxxiij, 104
Berkeley, Thomas, lord of ... ... ... xxx, 74
Bigod, Roger, Karl of Norfolk and Marshal.. xxviij, 15
Holnm, Humph., Karl of Hereford and Kssex, and
Constable of England ... ... ... ... xxvii, it
liotetourlr. John de, lord of Mendlesham ... xxx, 6l
Braose, Will de, lord of Cower ... ... ... xxx, 60
Hreton, John le, lord of Sporle ... ... xxxvi, 168
Cantilupe, William de, lord of Kavenahorpe ... xxxiij, 95
Carew, Nicholas de, lord of Muleford ... xxxi, 97
Chaworlh, Thomas de. lord of Norton ... ... xxxvi, 134
Clifford, Rol>ert de, Castellan of Applel>y ... xxxi, 93
Corbet, Peter, tori of Caw xxxi, 75
*K.ngayne, John, lord of Colunih ... ... ... 188
Kyiicourt, Kdmund de, lord of Thnrgarton ... xxxvi, 142
Fauconberg, Walter, lord of ... ... ... xxxvij, 1135
Ferrers, Will de, lord of Groby ... ... ... xxxij, 113
Fit/Alan, Bryan, lord of Bedale ... ... xxxi, 96
Kit/Henry, Hugh, lord of Ravensworth .. ... xxxviij, 180
lit/John, Mathew, lord of Stokeham ... xxxvi, 133
I'll/Marmaduke, John, lord of llorden ... ... xxxvij, 167
Kit/1'ayne, Robert, lord of I.ammer ... ... xxix, 73
FitzReginald, John, lord of Blenlrveny ... ... xxix, 69
*KiuKoger, Robert, lord of Clavering ... ... 185
lit/Walter. Robert, lord of Wodeham ... ... xxx, 49
Kit/.Warine, Kulke. lord of Whitington ... xxix, 40
Kit/William, Ralph, lord of Grimlnorpe... ... xxxviij, 175
Knrnivall, Thos. de. lord of Sheffield ... xxxvi, 137
(Irendon, Ralph, lord of ... ... ... xxxvi, 130
<!rey, 1 Icnry de, lord of Codnor s ... ... xxxviij, 169
(Jrey, Reginald de, lord of Kuthyn ... ... xxxi, 67
Greystock, John de, lord of Morpeth ... xxxviij, 181
llacche, Kiistace, lord of ... ... ... xxxiv, 109
Ilastang, Kobert, lord de la Desiree .. xxxvij, 161
Hastings, Kdmiind de. lord of Knchimeholmok .. xxxi, 35
Hastings, John de, lord of Bergavennv/ ... xxxi, 37
Havering, John de, lord of Grafton ... ... xxxiij, 101
Hodleston. John de, lord of Aneys ... ... xxx, 59
Hunten-omlx.', Walter, lord of ... ... . xxxiv, 149
Iluntingtield, Roger de xxxviij, 182
Kingston, John, lord xxxvij, 159
Knovill. Bogo (Bevis) de, lord of Whileminster xxxvij, 139
Kyme, 1'hilip, lord of... ... ... ... xxxv, 147
Lam-aster, Henry, Karl of ... ... ... xxix, 29
Lam-aster, Thomas, Earl of x\vi, 5
Lancaster. John de, lord of drisedale ... ... xxxviij, 179
Latimer, William le, lord of Corby ... ... xxx, 31
L' Estrange, Fnlke, lord of Corsham ... ... xxxvij, 140
L'Estrange, John, of Knokyn
I.'Kstrange, Roger, of Kllesmere...
Ix'yburne, William, lord of ...
'Lisle, John de, lord of Wodeton ...
I.ovel, |ohn, lord of Docking...
Marshall, Will, lord of Hingham, &c
Martin, William, lord of Kemeys
Mauley, I'eter de, lord of Mulgrave
Meynill, Nicholas de, lord of Whorleton
Moels, John de, lord of Cadlmry...
Mohun, John de, lord of Dunster
Money, Walter de, lord of Thornton ..
Montacute, Simon, lord of ...
Monte Alto, Robert de, lord of Hawarden
Moiuhermer, Ralph de, Eiirl of (1'oucester, &c.
Mortimer, Edmund de, lord of Wigmore
Mortimer, Roger de, lord of I'enketlyn
Multon, Thomas de, lord of Egremonl ...
Nevill, Ralph de, lord of Raby
Paynel, John, lord of ()t ley ... ... ..
Paynel, William, lor<l of " Kracyngton "
Pecche, Gilbert de, lord of Corby
Percy, Henry de, lord of TopclirTe ...
Pinkney, Henry de, lord of Wedon
*Pipard, Ralph, lord of I.inford
Point/., Hugh, lord of Curry Malet
'Rivers, John de, lord of Angrc
Roche, Thomas, lord de la
Ros, William, lord of Hamlake
St. Amand, Almaric de, lord of Woodhay
St. John, John de, lord of Halnaker...
Scales, Robert de, lord of Neuseles
Segrave, John, lord de
'Segrave, Nicholas de, lord of Stowe
Stafford, Edmund, Baron
Suleye (Suileley), John, lord of ...
Talbot, Richard, lord of Eccleswell ...
Tatteshale, Rolierl de, lord cf Bokenham
Teye, Walter de, lord cfStangrave ...
Tony, Robert de, lord of Maud's Castle ..
Touchet, William, lord of I.evenhales
Tregoz, Henr)', lord of Goringe ...
Tyes, Henr)' de, lord of Chilton
Valence, Aymcr de, Earl of Pembroke ...
Verdun. Theoliald de, lord of Weobley
Vere, Hugh de, lord of Swanse-field
Warde, Roller! de la, lord of White Hall ...
Warenne, John, Earl
*Warre, Roger le, lord of Isfield
Warwick, Guy, Karl of
Welles, Adam, lord of...
Zouch, Alan la, lord of Ash by (<le la Xouch) ..
PACK
xxxiij, 85
xxxvij, 166
xxviij, 25
...
xxxiij, So
xxxvi, 150
xxxiv, no
xxxv, 126
xxxviij, 176
xxxi, 68
xxxvi, 131
xxxviij, 174
xxxv, 124
xxxij, 153
xxvii, 9
xxix, 39
xxxiv, 88
xxxiv, 86
xxxvi, 129
xxxv, 148
xxxvi, 123
xxxv, 120
xxix, 43
xxxvi, 132
187
xxxij,
•j, 154
187
xxxvi, 133
xxxviij, 173
xxxi, 70
xxx, 52
xxxvi, 134
xxxij, III
... 189
xxxiv, 144
xxx, 51
xxx, 141
xxxiij, 79
xxxiij, IO2
xxxij, 115
xxxij, 156
xxxij, 155
xxxij, 76
xxviij, 22
xxxij, 45
xxxij, 8l
xxxiij, 82
xxvi, 3
186
xxviii, 16
xxxv, 119
xxxiij, 106
0 His seal was not attached to the letter in 1611.
Introduction.
AFTER their defeat at Falkirk, 22 July, 1298, the Scots solicited the protection of the
Pontiff, to whom, it is rather vaguely stated, they had exhibited a long series of
proofs that the Kings of England had not, nor ought to have, any superiority over
the Kings of Scotland. Whether this was so or not, a Papal Bull, or Brief, dated
at Anagni, 27 June, 1299, was sent to Edward almost in the very words of the (undiscovered !)
Scottish memorial (Lingard II. 561), but claiming, on the suggestion of France, the feudal
superiority, not for the Scottish but for Pope Boniface himself.
The delivery of the Bull, or Brief, was entrusted to Winchelsey, Archbishop of Canterbury
and he ultimately handed it to the King a few weeks after the siege of Caerlavcrock Castle, viz. :
on 26 or 27 August, 1300, at New or Sweetheart Abbey, in Galloway. " It came at a very
critical moment, the peace with France had not yet been concluded, and Gascony was still
sequestered in the hands of the Pontiff. In order to gain time an armistice was granted to
the Scots."
To consider this claim of the Pope, the Bishops and Abbots ' together with
" Nine Earls and eighty Barons, were, by the Writs tested on the 26th of September, 28 Edw. I.
1300, commanded to attend a Parliament to be held at Lincoln in the octaves of the feast of St. Hilary
next ensuing (13-20 January 1300-1), although seven Earls and ninety-six Barons (or rather ninety-six to
whose names the word " Dominus " is appended) are recorded as parties to the letter to the Pope. Of the
nine Earls and eighty Barons summoned, it appears either that hvo Earls and fifteen Barons declined
becoming parties to that document, or, which is much more likely, that they did not attend that Parliament ;
thus the letter appears as the act of only seven of the Earls and sixty-five of the Barons who were duly
summoned to the Parliament at Lincoln. Thirty-one persons, therefore, were parties to the letter who are
not recorded to have been duly authorised to be present on that occasion : of this number eighteen had
been summoned to former, and many of them likewise to subsequent Parliaments : nine are not recorded
to have been summoned to Parliament until some years after the date of the letter to the Pope : and six do
not appear ever to have received a Writ of Summons to Parliament, viz. : —
Walter de Beauchamp John le Breton
Richard Talbot Nicholas Carew
John de Hodeleston John de Kingeston."
" The Writs to the Judges were in the usual words ; hut as a proof of the care taken to have the attendance
not only of learned men at the deliberation, but also that every document in the kingdom likely to contain
information on the subject to be there discussed should be produced, Writs bearing the same date were like-
wise issued to each University, commanding them to send from two to five persons " de discretorib' & in jure
scripto magis exp'tis univ'sitatis p'd'ce," to the Parliament at Lincoln ; and to all the Abbeys and Convents
and other repositories of manuscripts in the realm, commanding that all chronicles and archives which in
any degree related to the kingdom of Scotland should be sent to the Parliament at Lincoln in the octaves
cif St. Hilary." — Nicolas' Synopsis.
1 We miss the visible co-oin-ration of the clergy in the Marons' reply to the Hull.
x Introduction.
" On the 30th January the knights of the shire were allowed their expenses and suffered to
go home" (Rot. Clans, 29 Ed. I ;«. I7<Y.), among them our " magnate" Henry de Tregoz,
see page 155. An extra-parliamentary reply, denying all right of papal interference, was formu-
lated as well in the names of seven Earls and ninety-six Barons or " Magnates" ' as in the name
of the " Communitas " of England, bearing date 1 2 2 February, 1 300- 1 , or thirteen days after the
return of the knights to their shires. But even so, the belated letter was not complete. The
affixing of the seals was evidently no easy task, scattered as the Barons probably were, over
the length and breadth of the land. The difficulty may have arisen with those thirty- two added
persons named in the letter whose writ (if any) of summons is not on record, though,
singular to relate, the eight who, as stated by Lancaster Herald in i6u,did not seal, were
not only quite regularly summoned to this very Lincoln Parliament, but the arms of seven
of them actually occur either on the contemporary rolls of Falkirk 1298, or of Cacrlaverock
1300 — De Insula or De L'Isle will be found in " Some Feudal Coats of Arms." On the other
hand, neither De Mauley, de Knovill, nor Pointz used seals peculiar to themselves.
It would appear from the King's Wardrobe Accounts,3 29 Kd. I., that the completion by
sealing devolved on Alexander Le Conuers, probably among others.
These accounts reveal a picture of him first at Frome, on his " bay horse going in hot
haste towards divers parts of Wales to the Lord Edward, r,on of the King, Prince of Wales,
and to sundry other 'magnates' in the marches of Wales for certain writings to be sent,
according to the Order of the King and of his Council, to the Court of Rome and to be scaled
with the seals of the same magnates." Having obtained the " certain writings " from Wales,
we find him back in Westminster (" Barons' letter " in hand) in need of a heavier horse.
On or before 13 March he was furnished " uno soinero nigro " at a cost of six marks, "being
sent by the King to various ' magnates ' of England with certain writings touching the Kingdom
of Scotland to be sent by the King himself, for affixing the seals of the same magnates."
Interesting as these Wardrobe accounts undoubtedly are, they fail in a fine point such as
is here at issue to be absolutely decisive even of the date of payment. Neither are the entries
in these accounts in strictly chronological order, nor is this date evidence whether the payment
was cash in advance, on delivery, or for a debt. That would very much depend on the terms of
the horse dealer of feudal times ! If for an anterior debt, it would be of small chronological value.
From the extract of the 1 3th of March it was probably Edward's intention to send the
" Barons' letter " himself under cover of his own letter (Rynier i. 932) to the Pope, or to send the
latter under cover of the former ; the question of its completeness will probably remain undecided.
If uncompleted, it could hardly have been sent to Rome, where, at any rate, no copy has been
found. The reason for its non-appearance would rather be that, owing to the offence given by
the French King at this very juncture, the Pope's attention was diverted from Scotland, the
position ceased to be acute, and the Bull, together with the Barons' letter, were conveniently
shelved, by the King. The incident was evidently closed owing to the more intense jealousies
of French King and Pontiff; Edward was thus enabled in 1303 to undertake that Scottish
campaign which resulted in the capture and death of Wallace, 1305 ; see p. xliij.
1 The unusual additions at this early period of a territorial designation to the names of so many of the " magnates " from
whatever reasons, should not be overlooked. On the seals of St. John, Braose, Mortimer, and Walter Tye, and, perhaps,
those of Henry of Lancaster and Kdniuncl Hastings, occur rather earlier instances of what may he termed territorial legends.
2 Two days later, the King fully confirmed the charters, defining the limits and jurisdiction of the forests, as a sort of
return for the grant of one-fifteenth by the parliament of Lincoln.— KYMKR. The original charter with the great seal may be
seen, it is said, in the Bodleian Library.
1 Add MS. British Museum, 7966 ft. 32b. and 37.
Introduction. XI
Two mutilated copies of the " Barons' letter," detached from their seals, and here reproduced
in miniature (pp. xvii & xx), remain in the custody of the Master of the Rolls ; they are officially
distinguished by the letters A and B, the white and the blue. (Archxologia XXI, pt. i. 194.)
Their endorsements, fairly legible though they be, are almost illegible when reproduced, hence
their omission. The cords to which the seals are affixed remain in their original state, and
thus the position of 2 of the 3 omitted seals in the A Series is determined by the endorsement
The frontispiece also in miniature shows the Cords and Seals minus Bcauchamp and
Le Breton, formerly attached to letter A, now encased in the museum of the Public Record
Office ; this is followed similarly (on p. xxi) by the B Scries minus Cords 6 and 25, see pp. xxix
and xxxviij. It will be noticed by the aid of a glass that seals I to 55 in the A Series are still
attached (by cords 7 to 1 8) to a strip of the original parchment, now separated from the letter itself.
Lancaster's transcript of the Barons' letter and trickings of the Seals (B) in 161 1, reproduced
in facsimile on pp. xxii to xxxviij, may be considered to show the position of the two missing
cords and the correct order of the remainder, though in some instances the order of the seals
on their respective cords has evidently been sacrificed to space. Nor is accuracy in copying
the legends Lancaster's strong point ; his reading of de Tregoz, de Tony, Kyme, Le Breton and
FitzMarmaduke, he alone could have explained.1
The Barons' seals, forming as they do the earliest contemporary series of veritable coats of
arms, are of the greatest importance from the heraldic standpoint, and as such are worthy of
careful reproduction. Most of them, as it will be seen, are in a beautiful state of preservation,
though a few have suffered in their transmission down the centuries. They are here represented
for the first time on their respective cords, and in their respective colours. The Record Office
numbers arc perforce retained, erratic though they appear.
The seals of the brothers Hastings, John and Edmund, sec pp. 35, 37, require more than a
passing notice here, each for its own peculiarity. They arc attached to the same cord (6).
and were evidently cut out in lead, the crude work of the same school of engraving,
if not by the same man. Edmund's seal was probably engraved after 1296, upon his acquiring
the lands and apparently the arms of Sir John Drummond (see page 32). John's seal was not
improbably intended to serve as a reminder that he had been and might again become a
"competitor" for the Scottish crown. To render the reverse or counterseal intelligible, it
should itself be reversed. The Lyon of Scotland and a Lyon of England will then appear
in the quarters, between a cross of St. George powdered with the fleurs-de-lys of France.
These quasi-Scottish seals may have been attached to the Barons' letter in order to impress
the Pontiff. The enigmatical seal of Bryan FitzAlan, not inaptly described as a chimera
of four masks, should delight the monogram man. (See page 96.)
To utilise the space at the top and sides of the larger seals, these older engravers were wont to
introduce floreatcd decoration. Wyverns lend themselves readily for such a purpose, and
1 It so happens that twelve of these seals are unnoticed in the British Museum Catalogue, of these (Stafford), de Tregoz
and de Tony are named above among Lancaster's inaccuracies. Omitttrl l>y former authorities the legends of at least two of
these three baffle and betray "the smatterer," who, in the absence of his customary " crib," has hitherto been driven to rely
on mere conjecture or avoidance. Kven by The Ancestor the legends of Stafford and Tregoz are burked, neither are the
counterseals of De Verdon and De Hasstang to be found in its text of " the Seals of the Barons' letter." The legend of
De Tony, however, proves to be quite irresistible, for it affords The Ancestor one of those opportunities, which it so much
loves, to display its unique knowledge of French, " floundering French," Ancestor IX, I ^2n, hence no other than a " Mire "-ish
substitute for the Gallic of "Knight of the Swan" is querulously evolved (page 115). Nor is this all. By a sin against
knowledge, it cutely ascribes to Nicholas de Segrave, one of the eight barons who did not seal (see page 192), the derelict
counterseal of Robert de Hasstang. Though staring it in the face, The Ancestor, blinded by its anxiety to sneer, has the
added satisfaction of contributing from its own immaculate pages, to those it scoffingly entitles " What is Believed," the
unrecognized blunder of the text-book. Surely the lust of plagiarism has here o'erleapt itself! (See notes to pp. 115, 155,
161, and 189).— J. F.
xii Introduction.
are introduced in nearly a third of the seals. Lyons as adjuncts, sometimes to denote public
office, occur similarly in six seals only, viz. Guy de Beauchamp, de Mauley, de Furnivall,
de Verdon, Roger Mortimer, and de Bohun. The fantastic grylli in the seal of Simon de
Montacute are exceptionally interesting.
The historical notices of the " magnates " follow the arrangement by cords and seals of
• Series A in preference to the order in which their names are recited in their letter. The
interest of these notices has been greatly enhanced by the inclusion of many minor incidents,
culled from " The Parliamentary Writs," edited by Sir F. Palgrave, and from Vols. 2 and 3
-of the " Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland," incidents which the historian or peerage
writer could hardly be expected to utilize to the same extent. The year-dates in the former
work are according to the current or " new style."
The pages of these official publications contain many interesting sidelights and scenes
suggestive of the strain and stress of those unhappy times, from which the following excerpts
are taken : —
One Pierrers de Kirkoswald petitions the King (1297 -1306) to give him a sergeantry for life in
consideration of special service ; he recites that when Berwick Castle was besieged he swam the Tweed
to Norham quite naked, wilh the Constable's letter in his hair, to get aid from the Earl of Warenne,
and returned by the same way.
By writ of privy seal, 24 September 1314, a tun of wine is ordered to be delivered to the executors
of the will of Sir Robert de Clifford, " who is with God," for the interment of Sir Robert's corpse. He
was slain at Bannockburn. See page 94.
Sir Robert Fitzpayn reports that on Thursday, before St. Barnabas day last, 1296, his house in
Berwick was violently entered, the fire under his " torale " was extinguished, whereby his beer was
destroyed, the intruders digged for treasure, entered his chamber and carried off his armour to the
value of iooy. See page 73.
Sir Robert FitzRoger, lord of Clavering, secures ,£20 yearly on his Northumberland lands, as a
benefaction to Balliol College. See page 185.
Sir Rauf Fitz William is going on the King's service, he is ordered to be retained and not to be
allowed to leave, as he did once before, giving a bad example to others, which offence he can only
amend by now remaining constantly. See page 175.
At the assize before John de Vaux and others, on the morrow of All Souls 1278, the jury say that
Thomas de Moltone of Egremont within Coupelaunde has return of writs, and holds pleas de namio
vetito, and takes wreck of sea everywhere on his lands, and has gallows in his lands and takes fines
of assize in bread, &c., and he and his ancestors have so had it from the Conquest, &c. See page 86.
Rauf de Neville, a prisoner enlarged on security (1316), asks for his ransom, of 2000 marks, from
the Scots. Sir Robert, his brother, killed by the Scots, who also took his brothers Sir Alexander and
John prisoners all on the same day, were sons of Sir Randolf de Neville ; Rauf begs fora ward or
marriage, which he may sell towards his ransom, &c. See page 130.
Simon de Montacute, captain and governor of the fleet to put down the rebels lurking in Scotland
and the (Western) isles between Scotland and Ireland, arranges, 16 June 1307, with John Bisset to
maintain a watch against the rebel Scots off Cantyre and the isles, and to have 4 barges constantly on
duty manned by 100 stout men. See page 125.
Sir Robert de Tony " goes by the King's leave to serve God against the Sarazyns in Spain
3 June 1309. See page 115.
De Clifford and Henry de Percy are ordered to make an expedition (a chavauche) into Galloway
on Robert Brus, 25 Ed. I. 1297, and on 14 June 1303 de Clifford, le Latymer and John de Segrave are
expressly charged on their allegiance to make a chivauchee from Dunfermline across the Forth to
the " Torres." See pp. 43, 94.
The historical resume relating to " the Wars across the Marches," &c., it is hoped will
prove a useful supplement to the historical notices.
For much help and many kindnesses shown by the officials of the Public Record Office,
thanks are not only due but warmly tendered. Dr. de Gray Birch, formerly of the British
Museum, has also rendered unique and invaluable assistance.
Mr. Joseph Foster, Hon. M.A. Oxon., the well-known armourist, is responsible for the
collaboration and technique of these pages.
Seaford House. p[ DE ^y
The Pope's Letter to Edward I.
xnj
The Pope's Letter to Edward I.
Claiming feudal superiority over Scotland, 27 June 1299.
English Historical Society, W. de Hemingburgh, Chronicon, Vol. II. pp. 189-196. WaUingham's Ypodigina,
pp. 218 and 219. Kymer's Foedera, I. 907.
A.D. 1299
an. 27 Edw. I.
Ex orlg.
in Thesaur. Cur.
Recept. Scacc.
BULI,A BONIFACII VIII. Papae monitoria ut Rex
desistat a guerra Scotiae cum regnum Scotiae
sit ecclesiae Romans feudum.
Bonifacius episcopus, servus servorum Dei,
carissimo in Christo filio E. Regi Angliae illustri,
salutem & apostolicam benedictionetn.
Scimus, fili & longi jam temporis spatio
magistra nos rerum experientia docuit, qualiter erga
Romanam matrem ecclesiam, qure te gerit in visceri-
bus caritatis, regiae devotionis affectus exuberat,
reverentiae zelus viget, quodque promptus & sedis
ejus votis obtemperas, beneplacitis acquiescis.
Quamobrem firmam spem gerimus, plenamque
fiduciam obtinemus, quod regalis sublimitas verba
nostra benign^ recipiat, diligenter intelligat, efficaciter
prosequatur.
Sane ad celsitudinem regiam potuit pervenisse,
& in tuae libro memoriae nequaquam ambigimus
contineri, qualiter ab antiquis temporibus regnum
Scotiae pleno jure pertinuit, & adhuc pertineie
dinoscitur ad ecclesiam supra dictam ; quodque illud,
sicut accepimus, progenitoribus tuis, regni Angliaa
Regibus, sive tibi feudale non extitit, nee existit.
Qualiter etiam, clarae memoriae, Henricus Rex
Angliae pater tuus, tempore discordiae, sive guerrae,
inter ipsum & quondam Symonem de Monteforte,
suosque fautores & complices suscitatae, ab,
recollendae memoriae, Alexandra ejusdem Scotiae
Rege, ac ipsius Henrici genero, auxilium sibi petiit
exhiberae.
Et, ne hujusmodi auxilium, jure cujuslibet
subjectionis aut debiti, petitum, seu prestitum
notaretur, prtefatus Henricus eidem Regi Scotiae suas
patentes duxit litteras concedendas, per eas firmiter
recognoscens, praedictum auxilium se recepisse, vel
se recepturum duntaxat de gratia speciali.
Praeterea, cum, successu temporis, praefati Regis
Scotire, tui sororii tune viventis, in tuae coronationis
solemniis, habere praesentiam affectares, sibi per tuas
patentes cavere litteras curavisti, qu6d in ipsis
solemniis, ejus habere praesentiam, non ex debito, sed
tantum de gratia intendebas.
BULL OK POPE BONIFACE VIII. warning the King to
desist from the war in Scotland, on the ground
that the kingdom of Scotland is a dependency
of the Roman Church.
Bishop Boniface, servant of the servants of God,
to his most dear son in Christ, Edward, illustrious
King of England, greeting and apostolic benediction.
Son, we know, and experience, our teacher from
long since, has taught us the abundance of your
kingly devotion towards the Mother-church of Rome,
who holds you in such affection in her heart, the
vigour of your reverential zeal, and your acquiescence
in our pleasure, as shown by your obedience to the
promptings and prayers of this Holy See.
Wherefore we have certain hope, and retain full
assurance that your royal highness will receive our
words kindly, interpret them carefully, and obey them
thoroughly.
The fact will doubtless have reached your high-
ness' ears, and is, we doubt not, enshrined in
your memory, how that from ancient times the king-
dom of Scotland has in full right belonged, and is still
judged to belong, to the Church above named ; and
that that same kingdom, as we have heard, has never
owed nor can ever owe feudal rights either to yourself,
or to your predecessors on the throne of the kingdom
of England.
Moreover you must keep in mind how Henry, of
illustrious memory, king of England, your father, at a
time of dissension, or rather of war, aroused between
himself and the late Simon de Montfort and his sup-
porters and accomplices, besought Alexander, king
of this same Scotland, and son-in-law of Henry him-
self, to render assistance to him.
And, lest assistance of this sort might be regarded
as sought, or rendered, under the right of some sub-
jection or obligation, the above-named Henry thought
fit to grant his own letters jxitent to that king of Scot-
land, therein firmly acknowledging that he had
received or would receive the said assistance only as
a special favour.
Furthermore, when, after a lapse of time, you
desired the presence of the said king of Scotland,
your sister's husband, who was then alive, at the
ceremony of your coronation, you were careful to
advertise him by your letters patent that you desired
his presence at those ceremonies, as an act of grace,
and not of homage.
XIV
The Pope's Letter to Edward I.
Et cum etiam Rex ipse pro Tyndaliae, ac de
Peynerriae terris, in regno Angliai positis, se ad tuam
prresentiam personaliter contulisset, tibi fidelitatem
solitam impensurus ; idem in pnestatione fidelitatis
hujusmodi, multis tune praasentibus, vivae vocis
oraculo publice declaravit, qu6d pro terris eisdem
sitis tantum in Anglia, non ut Rex Scotiae, ne<iue
pro Scotias regno, fidelitatem exhibebat eandem ;
quinimm6 palam extitit protestatus, qu6d pro regno
ipso tibi fidelitatem prrestare, seu facere aliquatenus
non debebat, utpote tibi penitus non subjecto ; tuque
sic oblatam fidelitatem hujusmodi admisisti.
A tua quoque creditur non excidisse memoria,
qualiter, eodem Rege Scotiae sublato de medio,
quondam Margareta puella, nepte tua, tune minoris
retatis, ha;rede sibi relicta, non ad te, velut ad
dominum, regni pervenit custodia memorati, sed
certi ejusdem regni proceres, ad ejus electi custodian!
extiterunt.
Quodque postmodum, dispensatione ab aposto-
lica sede obtenta, super matrimonio contrahendo
inter dilectum filium, nobilem virum Edvardum
natum tuum, & Margaretam praedictam, dum
viveret, si ad id procerum dicti regni accederet vel
haberetur assensus, tu eisdem proceribus per tua
scripta cavisse dinosceris, priusquam vellent hujus-
modi matrimonio consentire, quod regnum ipsum
penitiis liberum, nullique subjectum, seu quovis modo
summissum, in perpetuum remaneret : quodque in pris-
tinum, seu talem ipsius statum restitueretur omnino,
si ex hujusmodi matrimonio contrahendo liberos non
extare contingeret ; ac nomen & honorem, ut
prius, pariter retineret, tarn in suis sibi servandis
legibus et prasficiendis officialibus dicti regni, quam
parlamentis tenendis, tractandis causis in ipso, &
nullis ejus incolis extra illud ad judicium evocandis,
& quod in tuis patentibus litteris, inde confectis,
hasc plenius & seriosius contineri noscuntur.
Praefata insuper Margareta de prassenti luce
subtracta, & tandem super successione dicti regni
Scotiae suborta dissensionis materia inter partes ;
ipsius regni proceres, metuentes sibi dictoque regno
posse occasione hujusmodi prrcjudicium generari,
non aliter ad tuam pnesentiam, extra ipsius regni
accedere limites voluerunt, nisi per te patenti scripto
caveretur eisdem, quod id non fiebat ex debito, sed
ex gratia special!, quodque nullum exinde ipsius
regni libertatibus posset dispendium imminere.
Et licet, ut dicitur, super statu ejusdem regni
Scotiae, ac ejus prius habita libertate, regno ipso tune
carente praesidio defensoris, per ipsius regni proceres,
tune velut acephalos & ducis vel aurigas suffragium
non habentes, sive per ilium, cui prsefati regni regi-
men licet indebite dieeris commisisse, contra morem
solitum, aliqua fuerint hactenus innovata, ea tamen,
utpote per vim & metum, qui cadere poterat in
constantem, elicita, nequaquam debent de jure sub-
sistere, aut in ejusdem regni praejudicium redundare.
And also when that king had presented himself
before you in person to do the accustomed homage
for the lands of Tyndal and Peyner (Penrith),
situate within the kingdom of England, in rendering
that homage he declared publicly, in the presence of
many witnesses, by word of mouth, that he was
rendering it merely as owner of the said lands situate
in England, and not as king of Scotland, nor on
behalf of the kingdom of Scotland : nay, rather he
openly protested that it was not his duty to render
homage for the kingdom of Scotland, nor indeed to
do it at all, considering that it was in no way subject
to you : and you admitted his homage offered on this
understanding.
It cannot be supposed to have escaped your
memory that when the said. King of Scotland was
taken from our midst and the child Margaret, your
niece, then a minor, was left his heiress, the regency
of the said kingdom reverted not to you, as its sove-
reign, but to a number of Scottish nobles chosen for
the purpose.
Afterwards also, when a dispensation had been
obtained fiom the Apostolic See, tor the contraction
of a marriage between your beloved son, the noble
youth Edward, your first-born, and the said Margaret
during her lifetime, if the consent of the Scottish
nobles should be given or obtained, you saw fit to
inform the said nobles, before they should be willing
to consent to such a marriage, that the kingdom
would remain wholly independent and subject to or
in any way dependent on no one, in perpetuity ;
and that it would be entirely restored in its original,
or rather in its present condition, if it should happen
that there was no issue of the proposed marriage
when contracted ; and that it should retain its name
and rank equally as before, as well in upholding its
own laws and appointing its officials, as in hold-
ing parliaments, conducting trials, and keeping its
inhabitants immune from being summoned to a
court outside. And these details are known to have
been contained more fully and weightily in your
letters patent, at that time drawn up.
Moreover, when the said Margaret had been taken
from this life, and cause for dissension had arisen
between the parties in regard to the succession to the
Scottish throne, the nobles of that kingdom, fearing
to cause detriment to themselves or their kingdom by
such a proceeding, refused to present themselves to
you or leave their own territory without first being
assured by your letters patent, that their act was not
one of duty but of special grace, and that no detri-
ment could possibly threaten the liberties of their
kingdom therefrom.
And although, as is said, in consequence of the
state of the kingdom of Scotland, and its former
liberty, the kingdom itself at that time being without
a defender, some changes may have been made by
reason of the chiefs of the kingdom being without a
head and lacking the deciding voice of a leader or
director, or through the instrumentality of him
to whom you are said (albeit unjustly) to have
entrusted the government of the kingdom contrary to
custom, still those changes, as being the outcome of
violence or fear, which was able to affect even a
steadfast country, ought in no way to remain estab-
lished by law, or to redound to the detriment of the
kingdom.
The Pope's Letter to Edward I.
xv
Caeterum nobis nullatenus venit in dubium, quin
potius certi sumus, qu6d cum apostolicre sedis prae-
ccllens auctoritas per suas litteras in Angliae ac
Scotia; regnis, simul alicui legationis commisit officium
exequendum, vel pro quavis causa, quam rationa-
bilem reputat, decimae solutionem indicit, hujus-
modi apostolicoe litterae ad prrefatum Scotia; regnum
se aliquatenus non extendunt, special! predicts
sedis privilegio, Scotis indulto, penitus obsistente,
prout tempore, felicis recordationis, Adrians I'apa;
prredecessoris nostri, tune sancti Adrian! diaconi
cardinalis, & per ipsius sedis litteras simul in regnis
ipsis legati, cum quo familiariter tune eramus, con-
tigit evidenter.
Nam legatus ipse ad praefatum regnum Scotia?
aliquatenus admissus non extitit, donee per litteras
speciales apostolicas sibi legationis fuit commissum
officium in eodem.
Prreterea noscere potest regia celsitudo, qualiter
regnum ipsum per beati Andreas Apostoli venerandas
reliquias, non sine superni Numinis grandi dono,
acquisitum & conversum extitit ad fidei Catholicaa
unitatem.
Qualiter etiam, antiquis temporibus Eboracen'
archicpiscopus, qui tune erat, mota per eum, super
jure metropolitico, adversus praalatos Scotiaa ques-
tione, in qua dictum antiquitus fuisse commemorat,
memento quod sumus tui, ut caetera qua; inde
secuntur [sit] silentio relinquamus, pro se sententiam
obtinere nequivit, quamvis alia plura & varia, qua;
in hac parte rationabiliter propenenda se offerunt, ex
quibus etiam ad hose tibi scribenda movemur, pras-
tereat calamus, ne inde forsitan sensibus regiis ta;dium
generetur.
Haac profecto, fill carissime, infra claustra pectoris
sollicite considerare te convenit, & attendere diligenter,
ex quibus nulli in dubium veniet, regnum Scotia;
prnelibatum ad prrefatam Romanam ecclesiam per-
tinere ; quod tibi nee licet, nee licuit in ipsius ecclesise
ac multorum prajudicium, per violentiam subjugare,
tua;que subjicere ditioni.
Cum autem, sicut habet fide digna & nostris,
jam pluries auribus inculcata relatio, famneque pras-
currentis affatibus divulgatur, tu pra;missa, ut debu-
eras, non attendens, neque debita consideratione
discutiens, & ad occupandum & subjugandum
ditioni regise regnum ipsum, tune regis auxilio desti-
tutum, vehementer aspirans, & tandem ad id ex-
ercens potentiae tuae vires, venerabilibus fratribus
nostris, Roberto Glasguen' & Marco Sodoren' epi-
scopis, &: nonnullis clericis, & aliis personis eccle-
siasticis diet! regni, ut dicitur, captis, & carceralibus
vinculis traditis (quorum aliquos, sicut asseritur,
squalor carceris violentus extinxit) ac etiam occu-
patis castris, &, prout fertur, monasteriis, aliisve
religiosis locis quampluribus dirutis seu destructis, ac
dampnis gravibus ejusdem regni habitatoribus irro-
gatis, in ejusdem regni partibus officiates regios
posuisti, qui prselatos, caateros clericos & ecclesias-
ticas ac etiam seculares dicti regni personas multi-
modis perturbare molestiis, & afflictionibus variis \
diversis impetere non verentur, in divina; Majestatis
offensam sedis memoratns contemptum, regiae salutis
But to us there is no manner of doubt, nay, rather
we are certain that, when the supreme authority of
the Apostolic See by its letters committed to any
person the duty of legate to be performed in the
kingdoms of England and Scotland at the same time,
or for any cause which it deems reasonable, enjoins
the payment of tithes, such apostolic letters do not in
any way apply to the said kingdom of Scotland, being
prevented by a special privilege of the said see,
granted to the Scots, as evidently happened in the
time of Pope Adrian, our predecessor, of happy
memory, at that time cardinal deacon of Saint
Adrian [?], and by letters of the Holy See at the same
time appointed to the said kingdoms, with whom we
were then acquainted.
For that legate is known to have been in no way
admitted to the said kingdom of Scotland, until the
office of legate in the same had been granted to him
by special apostolic letters.
Moreover, your royal highness is able to know,
how the said kingdom was won over and converted
to the body of the Catholic faith by the venerable
relics of the blessed apostle Andrew, not without
the generous gift of the Supreme Godhead.
Also in former times the Archbishop of York, who
was at that time in office, having raised a dispute
about his metropolitan jurisdiction with the Scottish
prelates, in which he reminded them of an ancient say-
ing " remember that we are thine" (we omit the words
which follow), was unable to obtain a verdict in his
own behalf; this and other evidences, many and
various, which lend themselves in this connection to
production as reasonable proofs, and which have
moved us to write thus to you, let the pen omit, lest
perchance we should inflict weariness upon your royal
senses by their recital.
Assuredly it befits thee, most dear son, carefully
to consider these things in your secret heart, and to
attend to them with diligence, since they can leave no
possible doubt that the above-mentioned kingdom of
Scotland belongs to the said Church of Rome ;
wherefore it is not lawful, nor was it lawful for you to
subjugate it by force, nor to subject it to your
dominion, to the detriment of the Church and many
individuals. And whereas, as trustworthy and oft-
repeated report tells us, and the currents of previous
rumour make known, you, disregarding our precepts
in contravention of your duty, and failing to give
them due consideration, and eagerly aspiring to the
occupation and subjugation to your royal dominion
of that kingdom, then destitute of a king's protection,
and finally devoting to that object all the resources
of your power, having also (as is said) captured and
thrown into prison bonds our venerable brethren,
Bishops Robert of Glasgow and Mark of Sodor, and
certain of the clergy, and other ecclesiastical officers
of the said realm, of whom some, it is asserted,
have been killed by their miserable and violent
treatment in prison, having also pitched camps and
(according to report) plundered or destroyed monas-
teries, and several other holy places, and having
imposed heavy losses upon the inhabitants of that
realm, in parts of the same kingdom have set up your
royal officials ; who have not hesitated to molest the
bishops and others of the clergy and other persons,
XVI
The Pope's Letter to Edward I.
& famae dispendium, juris injuriam & grave scandalum
fidelium plurimorum.
Regalem itaque magnificentiam rogamus, &
hortamur attente, ac obsecramus in Eo, qui est
omnium vera Salus, quatenus solerter attendens quod,
ex debito pastoralis officii nostris humeris incumben-
tis, ad conservanda & gubernanda sollicite bona,
juraque omnia ecclesiae supradictre tenemur, quod-
que homini, plusquam Deo defferre non possumus,
nee debemus, praadictos episcopos, clericos, &
personas ecclesiasticas, quos ad hoc career regius
tenet inclusos, pro Divina, & apostolicre sedis,
ac nostra reverentia, sublato difficultatis & dilationis
objectu, benigne restitui facias pristinae libertati,
dictosque officiales de regno Scotiae revoces me-
morato.
Sic te in hiis, prout speramus & cupimus,
promptis & efficacibus studiis habiturus, ut apud
crelestem Regem, pro minimis grandia rependentem,
non immerit6 reddaris acceptior, gratior habearis ;
&, praeter laudis humanae preconium, tibi proinde
proventurum, apostolicae sedis favorem & gratiam
possis uberiiis promereri.
Si ver6 in eodem regno Scotias, vel aliqua ejus
parte jus aliquod habere te asseris, volumus quod
tuos procuratores & nuntios, ad hoc specialiter con-
stitutes, cum omnibus juribus & munimentis tuis
hujusmodi negotium contingentibus, infra sex menses,
a receptione praesentium numerandos, ad nostram
praesentiam mittere non omittas ; cum parati sumus
tibi, tanquam dilecto filio, plene super praamissis
exhibere justitise complementum, & jura, si qua
habes, inviolabiliter observare.
Nos enim nichilominus ex nunc lites, quaestiones
& 'controversias quaslibet, inter te, dictumque
regnum Scotiae, ac praelatos, clericos, ac personas
seculares ejusdem, subortas, & quae possunt im-
posterum ex quibusvis causis praeteritis exoriri,
totumque negotium prasdicta contingens, aut aliquod
eorundem, ad cognitionem & determinationem sedis
ejusdem, praesentium tenore, reducimus, & etiam
reservamus ;
Decernentes irritum & inane, si secus scienter,
vel ignoranter a quoquam in hac parte contigerit
attemptari.
Dat. Anagniae V. Kal' Julii, pontif ' nostri
anno quinto.
Sub filo cannabeo.
ecclesiastic and secular, of that kingdom with divers
injuries, and to attack them with various and manifold
afflictions, thereby offending the Divine Majesty,
disregarding this ancient see, imperilling the royal
safety and honour, and causing perversion of justice
and grave scandal to very many of the faithful.
Therefore we ask your royal magnificence, and
diligently exhort you, and pray you by Him, who is
the true salvation of all men, that diligently hearken-
ing to us, seeing that we are bound by the duties of
the pastoral office incumbent upon our shoulders to
preserve and govern with care all the possessions and
rights of the aforesaid Church, and that we cannot and
ought not to bow to man's will before God's, you may
of your kindness cause the aforesaid bishops, clergy,
and ecclesiastical officers, who are now confined in trie
royal prison, out of your reverence for God, our
Apostolic See and ourselves, without the interposition
of difficulty or delay, to be restored to their former
liberty, and may recall the said officials from the
said kingdom of Scotland.
And may you so proceed in this matter, as we
hope and desire, with prompt and effectual measures,
that according to your deserts you may be restored to
the favour of the heavenly King, who repays small
things with great, and be had in greater favour ; and
apart from the gain of men's praise, which will accrue
to you therefrom, may you be able to merit in greater
measure the favour and gratitude of the Apostolic See.
But if you still affirm that you have any right in
the said kingdom of Scotland or in any part thereof,
it is our pleasure that you fail not within six months
from the receipt of this letter to send to our presence
your agents and legates, specially appointed for the pur-
pose, together with all claims and evidences touching
this business ; since we are prepared to show to you,
as to a beloved son, the fulness of justice without
stint, and to preserve untouched any rights which you
possess.
Henceforward notwithstanding we hereby keep
and reserve to the cognisance and decision of this
see all trials, quarrels, and disputes arising between
you and the said kingdom of Scotland, and the bishops,
clergy, and laity of the same, and all questions which
can arise hereafter out of any former causes whatso-
ever, and the whole business touching the aforesaid,
or any part thereof;
Provided that if anything different shall be done
in this matter by anyone either wilfully or in ignorance,
the same shall be null and void.
Given at Anagni on the twenty-seventh
day of June in the fifth year of our
Pontificate.
Under the hempen thread.
XV11
FACSIMILE OF BARONS' LETTER IN THE RECORD OFFICE. "A" COPY.
•
E
XV11J
The Barons' Reply to the Pope.
English Historical Society,
W. de Hemingburgh, Chronicon, Vol. II. pp. 209-213.
Kymer's Foedera, I. 926-7.
Walsingham's Ypodigma, pp. 230-231.
Sancta Romana mater ecclesia per cujus minis-
teriutn fides Catholica gubernatur in suis actibus
cum ea sicut firmiter credimus et tenemus maturitate
procedit quod nulli prfejudicare set singulorum jura
non minus in aliis quam in seipsa tanquam mater
alma conservari valet illsesa. Sane convocato nuper per
serenissimum Dominum nostrum Edwardum Dei gratia
Regem Angliee illustrem Parliamento apud Lincolniam
generali idem Dominus noster quasdam literas
apostolicas quas super certis negotiis condicionem et
statum regni Scotiae tangentibus ex parte vestra
receperat in medio exhiberi et seriose nobis fecit
exponi. Quibus auditis et diligentius intellectis tarn
nostris sensibus admiranda quam hactenus inaudita
in eisdem audivimus contineri. Scimus enim Pater
Sanctissime et notorium est in partibus Angliae et
nonnullis aliis non ignotum quod a prima institutione
regni Angliae Reges ejusdem regni tarn temporibus
Britonum quam Anglorum superius et directum
dominium regni Scotise habuerunt et in possessione
vel quasi superioritatis et directi dominii ipsius
regni Scotiae successivis temporibus extiterunt. Nee
ullis temporibus ipsum regnum in temporalibus
pertinuit vel pertinet quovis jure ad ecclesiam supra-
dictam quinimmo idem regnum Scotiae progenitoribus
praedicti Domini nostri Regibus Anglise atque sibi
feodale extitit ab antique nee etiam Reges
Scotorum et regnum alii quam Regibus Angliae
subfuerunt vel subjici consueverunt. Nequo Reges
Angliae super juribus suis in regno praedicto aut
aliis suis temporalibus coram aliquo judice
ecclesiastico vel secular! ex libera praehemi-
nentia status suae regiae dignitatis et consuetudinis
cunctis temporibus irrefragabiliter observatae respon-
derunt aut respondere debebant. Unde habito
tractatu et deliberatione diligenti super contentis in
vestris literis memoratis communis concors et
unanimis omnium nostrum et singulorum consensus
fuit, est ac erit inconcusse Deo propitio in futurum
quod praefatus Dominus noster Rex super juribus
regni sui Scotiae aut aliis suis temporalibus nullatenus
judicialiter respondeat coram Vobis nee judicium
subeat quoquomodo aut jura sua praedicta in dubium
questionis deducat, nee ad praesentiam vestram
procuratores aut nuncios ad hoc mittat praecipue
cum praemissa cederent manifeste in exhaereditationem
juris coronae regni Angliae et Regiae dignitatis ac sub-
versionem status ejusdem regni notoriam, necnon in
praejudicium libertatum, consuetudinum et legum
paternarum ad quarum observationem et defensionem
ex debito prsestiti juramenti astringimur et quae
manutenebimus toto posse totisque viribus cum Dei
auxilio defendemus. Nee etiam permittimus aut
aliquatenus permittemus sicut nee possumus nee
debemus prxmissa tarn insolita indebita praejudicialia
et alias inaudita prselibatum Dominum nostrum Regem
etiamsi vellet facere seu quomodolibet attemptare.
Quocirca Sanctitati vestrae reverenter et humiliter
supplicamus quatenus eundem Dominum nostrum
" The Holy Roman Mother Church, by whose
ministry the Catholic faith is governed in its acts,
proceeds, as we firmly believe and hold, with
that gentleness that she wishes to prejudice no
one, but, like a gracious mother, to preserve the
rights of individuals, not less in other countries
than in her own body, unimpaired. At a general
Parliament lately summoned at Lincoln by the most
serene Lord Edward, by the grace of Cod, illus-
trious King of England, the same our Lord the
King caused to be displayed in our midst and to be
categorically explained to us certain Apostolic letters
which he had received on your part concerning certain
matters affecting the condition and state of the king-
dom. And when we had heard and carefully under-
stood them we found that they contained matters
which caused as much wonder to our feelings as they
were unheard of hitherto. For we know, most Holy
Father, and it is notorious in our country and not
unknown to many, that from the first foundation of
the kingdom of England, the kings of that kingdom,
as well in the times of the Britons as of the Angles,
had in their possession superior and direct dominion
over the kingdom of Scotland, or were captains of the
sovereignty and rightful lordship of the same at suc-
cessive periods, nor at any time did the same kingdom
in temporalities belong, nor does it now belong in any
way, to the aforesaid Church. Moreover, the same
kingdom of Scotland has existed from ancient times
as fief to the progenitors of our said king, themselves
kings of England, and to the king himself. Nor
were even the kings of the Scots and their kingdom
subject or wont to be subject to any other than to the
kings of England, nor have the kings of England
answered, or ought they to answer, concerning their
rights in the kingdom aforesaid or concerning any
other their temporalities, before any judge ecclesias-
tical or secular, because of the pre-eminence of the
state of their royal dignity, and custom in all times
irrefragably observed. Wherefore, after discussion
and careful deliberation on the contents of your letter,
the common, concordant, and unanimous consent of
all and singular of us has been, and will be, by favour
of God, unalterably fixed for the future, that our Lord
the King do not answer in any way touching the
rights of the kingdom of Scotland or other their tem-
poralities before you, nor undergo judgment in any
way, nor bring his aforesaid rights in question, nor
send to your presence proctors or ambassadors for
that purpose, especially since such proceeding would
tend to the disinheritance of the right of the Crown
of England, and of the royal dignity, and to the
notorious overturning of the state of the same king-
dom, as well as to the prejudice to the liberty, cus-
toms, and the laws of our fathers, to the observance
and defence of which we are bound by the due regard
of our oaths, and which we will keep in our hands
with all our power, and will defend, by Cod's help,
with all our might. Nor do we even permit, nor will
we in any way permit, for we cannot and ought
not to do so, our aforesaid Lord the King to do or in
any way attempt (even if he himself wished it) the
premises so strange, so undeserved and prejudicial,
and hitherto unheard of.
" Wherefore we beg your Holiness, reverently and
humbly, to graciously permit the same our Lord the
Barons named in the Letter to the Pope.
xix
Regem (qui inter alios principesorbis terra Catholicum
se exhibet) et ecctesine Romanae devotum jura sua,
libertates, consuutudines et leges praedictas absque
ditninutione et inauietudine pacifice possidere et ea
illibata persistere benignius permittatis. In cujus rei
testimonium percipere sigilla nostra tam pro nobis
quam pro tola Coinmunitate predict! regni Angliae
praesentibus sunt appensa. Datre apud Lincolniam
xii° die Februarii, Anno Domini Millesimo Trescen-
tesimo.
King, who, among other princes of the world, displays
himself a Catholic and devoted to the Church of
Rome, to possess in peace his rights, liberties, cus-
toms and laws aforesaid, without diminution or dis-
turbance, and to hold the same uninjured.
" In testimony whereof our seals, as well for our-
selves here present as for the whole aforesaid
' Communities ' of the Kingdom of England, are
appended. Dated at Lincoln, 12 February, A.D.
1300(1)."
SANCTISSIMO in Christo patri domino
Eccllesie summo pontifici sui devoti filij
Johannes Comes Warenne
Thomas Comes Lancastrie
Radulphus de Monte Hermerij
Comes Gloucestr & Hertford
Humfridus de Bohun Comes
Hereford & Essex & Con-
stabulari9 Anglie
Rogerus Bigod Comes Norff &
Marescallus Anglie
Guido Comes Warrewik
Ricardus Comes Arundett
Adomarus de Valencia Diis de
Montiniaco
Henricus de Lancastre Dominus
de Munemue
Johannes de Hastinges Dns de
Bergaveny
Henricus de Percy Dns de
Topclive
Edmundus de Mortuomari Dns
de Wiggemor
Robertas filius Waited Dns de
Wodeham
Johannes de Sro Johanne Dns
de Hannak
Hugo de Vere Dominus de
Swainschaumpis
Wittus de Breuhosa Dns de
Gower
Robertus de Monte Alto Diis de
Hawardyn
Rofitus de Tatteshale Dns de
Bukeham
Reginaldus de Grey Diis de
Ruthyn
Henricus de Grey Diis de Code-
nore
Hugo Bardolfe Diis de Wirme-
geye
Rottus de Tonny Diis de Castro
Matitt
Wittus de Ros Dns de Hamlake
Robertus de Clifford Castellanus
de Appelby
Petrus de Malolacu Dns de
Musgreve
Phus Dns de Kyme
Robertus filius Rogeri Diis de
Claveryng
Johannes de Mohun Dns de
Dunsterre
Almaricus de Sco Amando Dns
de Widehaye
Alanus la Zuche Diis de Assheby
Witts de Ferrarijs Diis de Groby
Theobaldus de Verdun Dominus
de Webbele
Bonifacio divina providentia sancte Romane ac universalis
Multon Dns de
Thomas de Furnivatt Dns de
Shefeild
Thomas de
Egremont
Witts le Latimer Dns de Corby
Thomas Diis de Berkele
Fulco filius VVarini Dns de
Whitington
Johannes Dominus de Segrave
Edmundus de Eyncourt Dns de
Thurgerton
Petrus Corbet Dns de Cauz
Wittus de Cantilupo Dns de
Ravensthorp
Johes de Bello Campo Dns de
Hacche
Rogerus de Mortuo Mari Dns
de Penketlyn
Johes filius Reginald! Diis de
Blenleveny
Ranulphus de Nevitt Diis de
Raby
Brianus filius Alani Dominus de
Bedale
Witts Marescallus Dns de Heng-
ham
Walterus Dns de Huntercombe
Witts Martyn Diis de Camesio
Henricus de Tyes Diis de Chilton
Rogerus la Warre Diis de Isefeld
Johannes de Riparijs Dns de
Angre
Johannes le I^ancastre Diis
Grisdale
Robertus filius Pagani Diis
Lammer
Henricus Tregoz Diis
Garynges
Radulphus Pipart Diis de Lin-
ford
Walterus Dns de Faucomberge
Rogerus le Estraunge Dominus
de Ellesmere
Johannes le Estraunge Dns de
Cnokyn
Thomas de Chaurces Dns de
Norton
Watfus de Bello Campo Diis de
Alcestre
Ricardus Talebot Dns de Eckles-
well
Johannes Botetourte Dns
Mendesham
Johes Engayn Dns de Colum
Hugo Poynz Diis de Corimalet
Adam Dns Welle
Simon Dns de Monte Acuto
de
de
de
cie
Johes Dns de Sullee
Johes de Moeles Dns de Caude-
bury
Edmundus Baro Stafford
Johannes Lovel Dominus de
Dackingg
Edmundus de Hastings Dns de
Enchimeholmok
Radulphus filius Wittmi Dns de
Grimthorp
Rofctus de Scales Dnsde Neuseles
Witts Touchet Diis de Leuenhales
Johes Abadam Dns de Bever-
stone
Johes de Haveringes Dns de
Grafton
Rofctus la Warde Dns de Alba
Aula
Nichus de Segrave Dns de Stowe
\Valterus de Teye Diis de Stand-
greve
Johes de Lisle Dns de Wodeton
Eustachius Dns de Hacche
Gilbertus Pecche Dns de Corby
Witts Paynell I >ns de Tracyngton
Bogo de Knovill Dns de Albo-
monasterio
Fulco le Estraunge Dns de
Corsham
Henricus de Pynkeny Dominus
de Wedone
Johannes de Hudleston Dns de
Aneys
Rogerus de Huntingfeld Dns de
Bradenham
Hugo filius Henrici Dns de
Raveneswath
Johannes le Breton Dns de Sporle
Nicus de Carru Dns de Mulesford
Thomas Dns de la Roche
Walterus de Money Dns de
Thornton
Johes filius Marmeduci Dns de
Hordene
Johannes Dns de Kingeston
Robertus Hastang Dns de la
Desiree
Radulphus Diis de Grendon
Witts Diis de Leyborn
Johes de Greystok Dns de
Morpath
Mattheus filius Johis Dns de
Stokenhame
Nichus de Meynill Dns de
Wherleton, &
Johes Paynell Dns de Otteleye,
devota pedum oscula beatorum.
XX
FACSIMILE OF BARONS' LETTER IN THE RECORD OFFICE. « B » COPY.
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The Barons* Reply to the Pope,
transcribed by Nic. Charles, Lancaster Herald, 1611.
COTTON MS.— JULIUS C. vn. / 228*. See also HARLEIAN MS. 5804/228.
DISTINGUISHED BY THE RECORD OFFICE AS LETTER B.
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FACSIMILE OF BARONS' SEALS, 1300. "B" Series.
TRICKED BY "LANCASTER HERALD," 1611.
The order of the cords is probably correct, though the proper sequence of the seals in some of the cords seems
to have been slightly altered to economise space. The letters a-z refer to the Record Office arrangement.
See page xxi.
|
CORD ia. John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey
Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, Leicester, and Ferrers.
[ xxvi ]
CORD 2b. Ralph de Monthermer, Earl of
Gloucester and Hertford.
Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and
Essex.
[ xxvii ]
s\
CORD y. Guy de Beauchamp, Earl of War-
wick.
Roger Bigod, Earl of Norfolk and Marshal
of England.
6/1- run 2* I/ .
JLf. etfnlr^ct
CORD 4tf. Richard, Earl of Arundel.
Aymer de Valence, lord of
Montigniac.
William de Ley burn.
[ xxv iij ]
/\
CORD 5^. Henry de Lancaster, lord of
Monmouth.
Edmund de Mortimer, lord of Wigmore.
Fulk Fitz\Varin, lord of VVhitington.
CORD 6. Henry de Percy.
[TAis cord with its three seals
is nmv missing.]
Robert Fiupayn, lord of Lammer.
John FitzReginald, lord of Blenleveny.
[ xxix ]
.
<** te
clt, <%-,£ ••/ oujt.
/\
CORD ig. John de St. John, lord of Halnaker.
Rolaert FitzVValter, lord of Wodeham.
Thomas de Berkele.
John de Suleye.
CORD 8//. William le Latimer, lord of Corby.
Richard Talbot, lord of Kccleswell.
John de Hodleston, lord of Aneys.
William de Breouse, lord of (iower and
Bramber.
John de Kotetourt, lord of Mendlesham.
[ xxx ]
CORD 9/'. Robert de Clifford, castellan of Appleby.
Nicholas de Carreu, lord of Moulsford.
Emery de St. Amand.
Brian FitzAlan, lord of Hedale.
Peter Corbet, lord of Cause.
CORD
Reginald de Grey, lord of Ruthyn.
John de Moeles, lord of Cadbury.
John dc Hastings, lord of Abergaveny.
Edmund de Hastings, Earl of Mcnteith, &c.
[ xxxi ]
CORD i if. Theobald de Verdon, lord of Weobley.
John de Beauchamp, lord of Hatch.
| H. de Teiheis, probably inserted here to save space,
John de Segrave. \see\next cord.}
William de Ferrers, lord of Groby.
Robert de Tonny, lord of Maud's Castle. •
»>
CORD i2/. Robert de Mounalt, lord of Hawarden. Hugh de Vere, lord of Swanscombe.
Hugh Poyntz, lord of Curry Malet. Henry Tregoz, lord Goring.
Henry de Teiheis, lord of Chilton (see i if). William Touchet, lord of Levenhales.
[ xxxii ]
CORD \yti. Robert de Tateshale, lord of Buckenham.
John Lovell, lord of Docking.
John le Strange, lord of Knockyn.
Robert de la Warde, lord of Whitehall.
William de Cantilupe, lord of Ravensthorpe.
CORD 1 40. John de Havering, lord of Grafton.
\\"alter de Teye, lord of Stonegrave.
Alan la Souche, lord of Ashby.
Walter de Beauchamp, lord of Alcestre.
[ \\x\tj ]
I
X\
CORD 1 5/. Roger de Mortimer, lord of Penkelly [position
evidently altered to save space].
X\
CORD i6«. Hugh Bardolf, lord of Wormegay.
Thomas de Moulton, lord of Egremont.
[ xxxiv ]
\-]tt. Kyme and Paynell inserted here in
Cotton MS. to save space (see next page).
Eustace de Hacche.
William Martin, lord of Kemes.
Walter de Huntercombe.
Edmund, baron of Stafford.
-fifrf
CORD i-ju. Simon de Montagu.
Peter de Mauley (the third), lord of
Mulgrave.
Z cU
Philip de Kyme.
John Paynell, lord of,Otley.
f The position of f /use two evidently altered
in Cotton AfS. to save space. ]
CORD 1 8^. Adam de Welle.
Gilbert Peche, lord of Corby,
[ xxxv ]
CORD igr. William Paynell, lord of Trotton.
Thomas de Furriival, lord of Sheffield.
John le Breton, lord of Sporle.
CORD 2o/. Thomas de Chaworth, lord of Norton.
Robert de Scales, lord of Newsells.
CORD 215. Ralph de Nevile, lord of Raby.
Ralph de Grendon.
John de Mohun, lord of Dunster.
Ov" Le
/\
CORD 22W. Edmund de Eyncourt, lord of Thurgarton.
William Marshal, lord of Hingham.
Henry de Pinkney, lord of Weedon.
Mathew Kitzjohn, lord of Stokenham.
Thomas de la Roche.
[ xxxvi ]
CORD 23*. Robert Hastang, lord De La Desiree.
John de Kingeston.
JLe,
/\
CORD 241'. Walter de Faucunberge. John Fit/Marmaduke, lord of Hordene.
Roger le Kstrange, lord of Ellesmere (see 25). Bogo de Knovile, lord of Oswestry.
Fulke le Kstrange, lord of Corshani.
[ xxxvii ]
n yv<*.l+>9
^e>£
/\
I I
CORD 25. William de Ros. [This cord and its five seals
Walter de Mouncy.
T.
Nicholas Menyll.
Jt l
CORD 26s. John de Lonecaster, lord of Grisedale.
Hugh Fitzhenry, lord of Ravensworth.
John de Greystok, lord of Morpeth.
Roger de Huntingfeld, lord of Bradenham.
tfcjk
J /
-t
y
[rxxxviii ]
"7
The Wars Across the Marches.
x.\ xix
The Wars Across the Marches.
Adapted from Lingard and Green.
EDWARD, " the greatest of the Plantagenets,"
aspired, on his accession in 1272, to unite
in his person the sovereignty of the whole
island of Great Britain. " He had been famous from
his very youth as a consummate general ; Earl Simon
had admired the skill of his advance at Evesham : ' It
was from me he learnt it,' he cried ; and in his Welsh
campaign he had shown a tenacity and force of will
which wrested victory out of the midst of defeat. He
could head a furious charge of horse at Lewes, or
organise a commissariat which enabled him to move
army after army across the harried Lowlands. In his
old age he was quick to discover the value of the
English archery, and to employ it as a means of
victory at Falkirk. But his fame as a general seemed
a small thing to Edward when compared with his
fame as a knight. . . . There was a nobleness in
his nature from which the baser influences of the
'chivalry,' so familiar in Froissart, fell away. His
life was pure, his piety, save when it stooped to the
superstition of the time, manly and sincere, while his
high sense of duty saved him from the frivolous self-
indulgence of his successors. But he was far from
being wholly free from the taint of his age. His
passionate desire was to be a model of the fashion-
able chivalry of his day."
"The youth of Edward the First had already
given promise of the high qualities which distinguished
him as an English ruler. ... He had sided with the
barons at the outset of their struggle with Henry, he
had striven to keep his father true to the Provisions
of Oxford. It was only when the crown seemed
falling into bondage that Edward passed to the royal
side ; and when the danger he dreaded was over he
returned to his older attitude . . . severing himself from
the brutal triumph of the royalist party; he secured
fair terms to the conquered, and, after crushing the
last traces of resistance, he won the adoption by the
Crown of the constitutional system of government for
which the barons had fought."
The barons, the feudal lords as their very status
implies, were the principal actors in the great political
struggles of their time, and, owing to their military
service in person, were ever in the forefront, under
their King, " in his subjugation of Wales and in his
attempted subjugation of Scotland." As out of these
campaigns arise the most interesting episodes of his
reign, a brief historical recital will, it is hoped, be a
useful supplement to the historical notices of those
barons whose names appear in this work, by reason
of their now archaic reply to Pope Boniface in 1301
(see page xviii).
In 1252, Henry III. bestowed Gascony on his
first-born son, Edward, and on his marriage granted
him the earldom of Chester and all the lands held by
the Crown in Wales. In 1256 the violent Geoffrey of
Langley strove to set up a shire system with English
laws, at the expense of Welsh local customs, and
so originated the Welsh wars.
As Prince Edward, his military incursions into
Wales, 1256-7, failed in their objective, for not only
did Llewelyn (ap Gryffydcl) continue to defy the
English King, but he assumed the title of Prince of
Wales and sided with Simon de Montfort during the
barons' wars. Montfort was at Hereford with the
captive king (Henry) in June 1265. Edward, how-
ever, wiped out the defeat of the royal army at Lewes
in 1264 by his decisive victory, when Montfort, "in
all but name a king," fell at Evesham in August of
the following year. "In 1267 the chieftain, whom
the English kings had till then scrupulously desig-
nated as 'Prince of Aberffraw,' was allowed the
title of Prince of Wales with the right to receive
homage from the other chieftains of his principality.
His projected marriage with Eleanor, Earl Simon's
daughter, involved him in an alliance with the French
crown."
On 19 August 1270 the Prince sailed from
Dover to go on crusade with the King of France,
who died before Tunis six days later. Edward
xl
The Wars Across the Marches.
gained several battles against the Saracens, and
sailed for Italy 15 August 1272. Henry III. died
three months after. Fealty was at once sworn to the
absent King, " though men were ignorant whether he
was alive, for he had gone to distant countries
beyond the sea, warring against the enemies of
Christ."
After performing homage for his fiefs, Edward
availed himself of the opportunity to reduce the
Gascons to obedience and to settle disputes between
his subjects and the Flemings. As he journeyed
to his coronation he found time to joust with the
Count of Chalons at a tournament at Lyons (Lingard),
when he saved his life by sheer fighting (Green).
Homage was at once (29 November 1272) de-
manded from Llewelyn, " but the summons was fruit-
less." ' In 1275 Edward sei/.ed (Eleanor) Llewelyn's
bride, on her passage from France to Wales. A fierce
attack of the injured prince upon the Marchers was
followed in August 1277 by an expedition under
Edward. The royal army inarched into North Wales.
..." The fabric of Welsh greatness fell at a single
blow." Deserted by those chieftains who had so
lately sworn fealty to him, Llewelyn was "eventually
forced to throw himself on Edward's mercy," and the
treaty of Con way was ratified at Rhuddlan 10 Novem-
ber 1277. A heavy fine which he had incurred was
remitted and Eleanor and Llewelyn were wedded at
the door of Worcester Cathedral, 13 October 1277, in
the presence of the English Court. " For four years
all was quiet across the Welsh Marches."
Llewelin's brother David, who had deserted him
in the previous war, but who deemed his English
lordship an inadequate price for desertion, incited
Llewelyn to a fresh revolt. Hawarden Castle was
surprised 21 March 1282, Flint and Rhuddlan Castles
were destroyed. On Midsummer Day " Edward
again marched in overpowering strength into the
heart of Wales," and systematically conquered the
country. " Llewelyn 2 fell in a petty skirmish on the
Wye, ii December 1282, slain at Builth, in Radnor,
by Adam Frankton, a knight. With him died the
' Summoned in 1274 to perform homage and made default ;
re-summoned in August of the following year to appear at
Chester, and also in October at Westminster ; again in January
1 276 to appear at Winchester, in response to all three he merely
sent frivolous excuses. In response to a final summons in April to
appear at Westminster, he addressed a letter to the King offer-
ing to pay homage at Montgomery or at Whiteminster under
conditions. On 12 April (1276) judgment was given against
him as a rebel and disturl>er of the peace. All who owed the
King service were ordered to assemble at Worcester 24 June
1277, and Roger de Mortimer and William de Beauchamp,
1 Captains," were appointed in the Counties of Salop, Stafford
Hereford, Chester, and Lancaster, to resist his incursions.
; His misdeeds, trespasses, and death are recited in the
it ot Summons to the parliament at Shrewsbury, so Sept
283, the writ tested at Khuddlan 28 June. In June 1287
rs ap Meredyth was in rebellion ; his following was worsted
before the end of the year, ami their leader hanged at York
n 1316 Llewelyn Uren was in reunion, in alliance with
• iward Jiruce, bat was induced to submit the same year
independence of the race." The subjugation of Wales
ended the following year with the execution of David.
" Following the policy of Henry II., at the very
outset of his reign Edward instituted a commission of
enquiry into the judicial franchises still existing, and
on its report itinerant justices were sent to discover
by what right these franchises were held. The writs
of ' quo warranto ' (1279) were roughly met here and
there. Earl Warenne (see page 2) bared a rusty
sword, and flung it on the justices' table. ' This,
sirs,' he said, ' is my warrant. By the sword our
fathers won their lands when they came over with the
Conqueror, and by the sword we will keep them.' . . .
Throughout his reign his strong hand was needed to
enforce order on warring nobles. Great earls, such
as those of Gloucester and Hereford, carried on private
war; in Shropshire the Earl of Arundel (see page 21)
waged his feud with Fulk Fitz Warine " (see page 40),
as the Marshal attempted to do in Norfolk with the
Segraves in the following reign (see pages 1 1 1 , 1 50, 1 90).
"Edward was suddenly called away from his
nobler schemes of legal and administrative reforms to
face complex questions which awaited him in the
North."
In David's reign a feudal jurisprudence modelled
on that of England had been introduced into the
Lowlands of Scotland. ..." His Court had become
filled with Norman nobles from the South, such as
the Balliols and Bruces, who were destined to play so
great a part afterwards, but who now for the first
time obtained fiefs in the Scottish realm. A baronial
connection between the countries which had origi-
nated with the grant of lordships in England to the
Scots kings or their sons." The Earldoms of Hun-
tingdon and Cambridge were -held by David's son,
John le Scot ; his grandfather was Earl of Hunting-
don 1136, and of Northumberland 1139.
" Homage was sometimes rendered, whether for
these lordships, for the Lowlands, or for the whole
Scottish realm, but it was the capture of William the
Lion during the revolt of the English baronage which
suggested to Henry II. the project of a closer
dependence of Scotland on the English Crown. An
accommodation was effected agreeable to Henry
which the prodigality of Richard enabled Scotland
to reverse." But the Scots Kings repeatedly did
homage to the English sovereign " with a reservation
of rights which were prudently left unspecified."
" For nearly a hundred years this plan worked
amicably and the two countries continued on friendly
terms, when the death of Alexander in 1286 seemed
calculated to unite them yet more closely."
Alexander's grandchild and heir Margaret, "the
Maid of Norway," was but a girl and living with her
father across the sea. "The Scotch parliament
proposed her marriage with her first cousin, the son
of Edward.
"By the marriage treaty of Brigham, 17 March
The Wars Across the Marches.
xli
1289-90, it was specifically ordained that Scotland
should retain its independence," be subject to no
military service, the decrees of its law courts to be
final and beyond appeal. But the Child-Queen died
before she reached her kingdom, about 26 September
1290. On the other hand "immediately on Alex-
ander's death a swarm of competitors had appeared
to claim the vacant throne.'' Edward, being appointed
arbiter, "was thus drawn into far other relations to
the Scottish realm."
"Of the thirteen competitors for the Scottish
throne, only three could be regarded as serious
claimants. By the extinction of the line of William
the Lion, the right of succession passed to the
daughters of his brother David ; the claim of John
Balliol,1 Lord of Galloway, rested on his descent
from the eldest of these, that of Robert Bruce,2
Lord of Annandale, on his descent from the second ;
that of John Hastings,3 Lord of Abergavenny, on
his descent from the third," see page 37.
By the parliament of Norham May 1291, the
decision was left to Edward, and commissioners were
appointed to report on the claims to the Scottish
throne. During the interim all the rights of a feudal
suzerain were at once assumed by the English ;
Edward entered into the possession of the country as
into that of a disputed fief to be held by its overlord
till the dispute was settled, whilst its bishops and
nobles swore homage to him directly as their lord
superior. Scotland thus unexpectedly found itself
once more under the regime instituted by Henry II.
" A proposal for the partition of the realm among the
claimants was rejected as contrary to Scottish law ; "
and at the close of the year 1292 the claim of Balliol
as representative of the elder branch was finally pre-
ferred to that of his rivals. The kingdom of Scotland
was awarded to John Balliol in the hall of the
castle at Berwick on the iyth of November, his
homage was accepted eleven days after ..." and
for a time there was peace."
" With the accession of Balliol and the rendering
of his homage for the Scottish realm, the greatness of
Edward reached its height. He was Lord of Britain
as no English King had been before. The last
trace of Welsh independence was trodden under
foot. Across the one sea he was Lord of (iuienne,
across the other of Ireland, and in England itself a
wide and generous policy had knit the whole nation
round his throne."
The judicial independence of Scotland, reserved
to itself by the treaty of Brigham, excluded the right
' lialliol, a feudal lord of Bywell in Norlhumlierland,
had served in the expedition against Llewelyn Prince of Wales
in 1277, and again in 1282; in the following year he had
summons to the parliament or council at Shrewsbury.
1 Bruce, a feudal lord, of Skelton, in Yorkshire. When
Alexander performed homage in 1278 he empowered Robert
the son of this Bruce to take (he oath of fealty in his name.
:l I Listings, one of the marcher lords of Wales (see page 37).
of appeal by the Scottish subject to an English law
court. On 1 6 January 1292-3 a notarial protest w.is
entered on Ixjhalf of the King of England, reserving
his full right to hear appeals from Scotland. In the
jurisprudence of the feudal lawyers this right of the
subject and the prerogative of the over-lord was
held to be the very test of sovereignty, and Edward
was determined to uphold it. Four citations to
answer in the Court of the King of England and
prove the legality of his judgments were disregarded
by Balliol, — though he did appear to a summons
and defended his own cause at Westminster Hall
in the principal case of Macduff, son of Malcolm
Earl of Fife, it was never settled, — war ensued,
which deprived Balliol of his kingdom . . . . " Balliol
at first gave way, and it was not till 1293 that he
took up an attitude of resistance ; his weakness
and incapacity however soon embroiled him with
his subjects, who compelled him to revolt against
England. This gave Edward a pretext for carrying
out his cherished scheme of conquering Scotland . . .
Balliol's wounded pride made him the tool of a power
beyond the sea. He was in fact looking to France,
which was jealously watching Edward's proceedings
and ready to force him into war. . . . This cul
initiated in a secret alliance with France followed by
a papal absolution of Balliol from his oath of fealty.
On 5 April 1296 Balliol formally renounced allegiance
to the English King.
"In 1293 Edward suffered the experience of
Balliol, in his Duchy of Aquitaine, from his overlord
the King of France." A fisherman's feud resulted in
buccaneering on a great scale, the Norman fleet then
pillaged the coast of Gascony and fell a prize to the
English. " Philip demanded satisfaction from Edward
as Duke of Aquitaine." In the result Guienne was
formally ceded to France for forty days, but at the
expiration of that time its promised restoration was
refused. Edward was driven to take up arms ; the
elements conspired against him and for seven weeks
he was detained at Portsmouth by contrary winds,1
the Welsh, who believed him to have sailed, revolted,
under Madoc ap Morgan, the expedition to Guienne
was abandoned for one into Wales, again the con-
quest of Wales was achieved." Madoc died a
prisoner in the Tower 1295.
It was Midsummer 1295 before Edward returned
to London. A parliament of the three estates of the
1 In 1294 the King of Scotland (with eighteen 01 his
magnates) was ordered to perform in person the military
service due for his lands ami tenements in England and to
join the muster at Portsmouth, 1 September prorogued to the
3Olh — for the expedition into Gascony. Balliol evaded the
summons and concluded an alliance with Philip of Krance
23 October 1295. Kdward, however, anticipated this seven
days l>efore by seizing all lands in England belonging to
Balliol and all other Scotsmen.
On 1 6 December 1295 the army was summoned to march
against Balliol, and ordered to muster at Newcastle-upon-Tyne
I March.
xlii
The Wars Across the Marches.
realm was summoned, in which for the first time
since that called by Earl Simon in 1265, two
burgesses "from every city borough and leading
town" within his realm sat side by side with the
knights, nobles and Barons of the great Council ' :
and thence
"... Freedom slowly broadens down,
From precedent to precedent."
The subsidies granted by this Parliament of 1295
furnished the King with the means of warfare with
both Scotland and France.
War commenced in the north with the capture
of Werk Castle, belonging to Robert de Ros (see
page 173) ; followed by the capture of Berwick
30 March ; " its wooden stockade was stormed with
the loss of a single knight"; Dunbar Castle was
taken 27 April 1296 ; Edinburgh, Stirling, and Perth
opened their gates, Bruce joined the English army,
and Balliol himself " surrendered and passed from his
throne to an English prison." He resigned his
realm, people and royal seal at Brechin Castle
10 July. Their Coronation stone of Scone was taken
to Westminster Abbey, but the regalia were restored
by Edward III. " The nobles and prelates did
homage (Ragman Roll}, English garrisons were placed
in their strongholds, and the government entrusted to
Englishmen. Warenne (see page 3) became guar-
dian of the realm 3 September 1296, at the head of
an English Council of Regency."
" The wrath of the Scots, already kindled by the
intrusion of English priests into Scotch livings, and
by the grant of lands across the border to English
barons, was fanned to fury by the strict administra-
tion of law, and the repression of feuds and cattle
lifting. . . . The disgraceful submission of their
leaders, fearful of the forfeiture of their English
fiefs, brought the people themselves to the front."
William Wallace, an outlaw knight, was the first to
assert freedom as a national birthright, and amidst the
despair of nobles and priests to call the people itself
to arms — thus the War of Independence began.
They revolted against the English authority, and
under his leadership defeated " the Guardian," John
de Warenne, at Stirling Bridge, n Sept. 1297, and
slew or expelled the English Governors. Wallace with
Andrew de Moravia plundered and burned Hexham,
and ravaged the northern counties in November and
December 1297. On the preceding 9 July Bruce,
who had suddenly transferred his arms to the side of
Scotland, again changed sides, at Irvine.
" The Scotch war more than exhausted the aids
granted by the Parliament. The treasury was
' The policy of the Despencers, together with the assumption
I legislative action by the baronage, evoked the famous
provision of the Parliament of 1322 : " the estate of the Crown,
or of the realm and people, shall be treated, accorded, and
established in Parliaments by our Lord the King and by
the consent of the prelates, earls, barons, and commonalty of
the realm, according as hath been hitherto accustomed."
utterly drained ; the costly fight with the French
in C.ascony called for supplies, while the King was
planning a yet costlier attack on northern France
with the aid of Flanders. It was sheer want which
drove Edward to tyrannous extortion. His first blow-
fell on the Church. The country gentlemen were
compelled to take up knighthood, or to compound
for exemption from the burthensome honour. The
baronage roused itself to resistance, and the two
greatest of the English nobles, the Constable and the
Marshal, Bohun, Earl of Hereford (see page n) and
Bigod, Earl of Norfolk (seepage 15), placed them-
selves at the head of the opposition. Their protest
against the war and the financial measures by which
it was carried on took the practical form of a refusal
to lead a force to Gascony as Edward's lieutenants,
while he himself sailed for Flanders (22 Aug. 1297).
They availed themselves of the plea that they were
not bound to foreign service save in attendance on
the King. ' By God, Sir Earl,' swore the King to
Bigod, ' you shall either go or hang ! ' 'By God,
Sir King,' was the cool reply, ' I will neither go nor
hang ! ' ): They were deprived of their offices of
marshal and constable. They appeared in arms,
with articles whereby the King was to renounce the
right of taxation without national consent — to this
Prince Edward, as Regent, agreed, and obtained the
King's confirmation at Ghent 5 November 1297.
Edward had now undertaken the recovery of
Guienne, nor could he be diverted from his object by
the danger of losing Scotland. But the reduction of
Stirling at last called him to the field. " In the
spring of 1298 the King's diplomacy had at last
wrung a truce from Philip the Fair, and he at once
returned to England to face the troubles in Scotland."
Guienne was not recovered until May 1303.
"The King, who marched northward with a
larger host than had ever followed his banner, was
enabled by treachery to surprise Wallace, as he fell
back to avoid an engagement and to force him to
battle near Falkirk, 22 July 1298. The Scotch force
consisted almost wholly of foot, and Wallace drew up
his spearmen in four great hollow circles or squares,
the outer ranks kneeling, and the whole supported by-
bowmen within, while a small force of horse were
drawn up as a reserve in the rear. It was the forma-
tion of Waterloo, the first appearance in our history
since the day of Senlac of ' that unconquerable
British infantry,' before which chivalry was destined
to go down. For a moment it had all Waterloo's
success. ' I haf brocht you to the ring, hop
(dance) if you can,' are words of rough humour that
reveal the very soul of the patriot leader, and the
serried ranks answered well to his appeal. The
Bishop of Durham, who led the English van, shrank
wisely from the look of the squares. ' Back to your
mass, Bishop,' shouted the reckless knights behind
him, but the body of horse dashed itself vainly on
The Wars Across the Marches.
xliij
the wall of spears. Terror spread through the
English army, and its Welsh auxiliaries drew off in a
body from the field. Hut the generalship of Wallace
was met by that of the King. Drawing his bowmen
to the front, Edward riddled the Scottish ranks with
arrows, and then hurled his cavalry afresh on the
wavering line. In a moment all was over, and the
maddened knights rode in and out of the broken
ranks, slaying without mercy. Thousands fell on the
field, and Wallace himself escaped with difficulty,
followed by a handful of men. Hut ruined as the
cause of freedom seemed, his work was done. He
had roused Scotland into life, and even a defeat like
Falkirk left her unconquered. Edward remained
master only of the ground he stood on ; waft of
supplies forced him to retreat ; and in the follpwing
year a regency of Scotch nobles under Bruce and
Comyn continued the struggle for independence."
Stirling Castle surrendered to the Scots in November
1299, with its commandant, John Sampson, and its
garrison of ninety men. The Royal army assembled
at Carlisle 24 June 1300 ravaged Galloway and took
Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July. " Troubles at home
and dangers from abroad stayed Edward's hand." In
July of the following year Scotland was again invaded,
and the King wintered there.
'• Under Wallace, the Scots solicited the pro-
tection of the Pontiff, to whom it is rather vaguely
stated they had exhibited a long series of proofs
that the Kings o( England had not, nor ought to have,
any superiority over the K ings of Scotland. A Papal
Bull or Brief (see page xiii) dated at Anagni 27 June
1299 was sent to Edward almost in the very words of
the (undiscovered !) Scottish memorial (Lingard II.
561), but claiming for Pope Boniface himself, on
the suggestion of France, the feudal superiority over
Scotland.
"The Hull was entrusted to Winchelsey, Archbishop
of Canterbury, for presentation to Edward ; a favour-
able opportunity did not occur until 26 or 27 August
1 300, when the prelate was received by the K ing in the
neighbourhood of Caerlaverock. It came at a most
critical moment, the peace with France had not yet
been concluded, and Gascony was still sequestered in
the hands of the Pontiff. In order to gain time an
armistice was granted to the Scots." A parliament
was summoned to meet at Lincoln, and a reply (see
page xviii) adverse to the Papal claim was formulated
by one hundred and three earls, barons, and other
"magnates" (see page xix). The King also sup
plemented this by some friendly explanations in a
long letter ' dated 7 May. A quarrel between Philip
le Bel and the Papacy enabled Edward to defy
Boniface and to obtain from France a treaty in which *
Scotland was abandoned.
In February 1302-3 Stirling Castle was taken by
' VYalsingham's Vpodigma, pp. 219-230.
the Scots, who, under John Comyn and Simon Fraser,
surprised the English at Rosslyn under Sir John de
Segrave (see page 1 1 1 ) and Ralph de M anton, the
"cofferer." Sir John "with twenty knights was
captured, but the Scots were very shortly after com-
pelled to relinquish their prisoners. Edward was now
free to resume the work of invasion. Again the
nobles flung down their arms as he marched to the
north. Comyn at the head of the Regency
acknowledged his sovereignty, and the surrender of
Stirling Castle 20 July (1304) by Sir William Oliphant
completed the subjugation of Scotland for the second
time." Sir John de Segrave was ap|x>intcd Governor.
" A general amnesty was extended to all who had
shared in the revolt. Wallace, who refused to avail
himself of Edward's mercy, was surprised, it is said,
in his bed by Sir John Monteith and given up to Sir
John Segrave, who conducted him to London. The
next day Wallace stood at the Bar in Westminster
Hall with a wreath of laurel round his brow, in
derision of a prediction attributed to him, that he
would one day be crowned at Westminster " (Lingard),
"was condemned to death on charges of treason, sacri-
lege and robbery, and executed 23 August, 1305.
The head of the great patriot, wreathed in laurel, was
placed on London Bridge" (Green). "Scotland was
lost through the jealousy of her nobles, who preferred
to crouch to foreign despots, rather than owe their
deliverance to a man whose birth they considered
unequal to their own " (Litigartt). " The fate of
Wallace was in reality due not so much to his non-
submission to an English King, as to his rooted
abhorrence of submission to any other" (Lingard).
" We have come," said the patriot, " not to make peace,
but to free our country " (Green).
Robert Bruce had now incurred the displeasure of
the King by complaining of the execution of Wallace,
and was only saved from imprisonment by flight.
"In 1305 a convocation was summoned at Perth
for the election of ten Scottish representatives in the
Common Parliament of the realm ' ; the settlement
of Scotland seemed complete. Edward, in fact, was
preparing for a joint Parliament of the two nations at
Carlisle, when the conquered country suddenly sprang
again to arms under Robert Bruce, the grandson of
one of the original claimants of the crown. The
Norman house of Bruce formed a part of the York-
shire baronage, and had acquired through inter-
marriages the Earldom of Carrick and the Lordship
of Annandale."
"In the church of the Grey Friars at Dumfries
Bruce met the Regent Comyn, the Lord of Badenoch,
to whose treachery he attributed the disclosure of his
plans and his intrigue with the Bishop of St. Andrews,
1 In February 1305 Bruce was appointed one of the Advisory
Committee, and joined in a petition that these representatives
should have their tents de expensis. In September their elec-
tion took place under his direction.
xliv
The Wars Across the Marches.
and, after the interchange of a few hot words, struck
him with his dagger to the ground (10 February
1305-6). It was an outrage that admitted of no
forgiveness, and Bruce for very safety was forced
to assume the crown six weeks after (27 March)
in the Abbey of Scone. The news roused
Scotland again to arms, and summoned Edward to a
third contest with his unconquerable foe." Bruce
invaded the Marches. A small English force under
Aymer de Valence sufficed to rout the disorderly
levies which gathered round the new monarch, and
the flight of Bruce to the " moors and marshes " (to
Cantyre and thence to the Isles) of Scotland, left his
followers at Edward's mercy. Bruce himself had
offered to capitulate to Prince Edward, but the offer
only roused the old king to fury. " Who is so bold,"
he cried, " as to treat with our traitors without our
knowledge?" and rising from his sick-bed he led his
army northwards, on his last march, to complete the
conquest. But the hand of death was upon him, and
in the very sight of Scotland the old man breathed
his last at Burgh-upon-Sands, 7 July 1307.
" Under Edward II. war went ceaselessly on, and
with the march of war went on the ceaseless growth
of Parliament." The Earl of Pembroke, guardian and
lieutenant of Scotland, continued to lead the army
across the border and found himself master of the
country without a blow. Bruce's career then became
that of a desperate adventurer ; and for several years
the struggle lasted. In 1311 he ravaged the North of
England, and in the next he overran Durham, and in
1313 retook Perth, the castles of Roxburgh and
Edinburgh and many fortresses, besieged Berwick
and invaded the Marches. After the total rout at
Bannockburn, 24 June 1314, partly the result of
the treachery of some of the English nobles, Edward
himself, with a body of five hundred knights, barely
succeeded in escaping to Dunbar and the sea.
" In his struggles with the Scots, Edward, like his
father, had been hampered not only by internal
divisions, the struggles with the Baronage, but by the
harassing intervention of France."
Edward Bruce, brother of King Robert I., with
six thousand Scots, landed at Carrickfergus, on the
coast of Ulster in Ireland, 25 May 1315, and was
crowned king twelve months after. His reign was a
brief one, for he was slain at Tagher, near Dundalk,
14 October 1318.
In the Parliament of July 1318 a council 01
sixteen, headed by the Earl of Lancaster, was appointed
to " assist the King " ; a proposal was suggested
22 October for the pardon of their adherents to the
exclusion of Warenne, with whom Lancaster had
quarrelled.
The Scots retook Berwick 28 March 1318, and in
May, under Ranulph, invaded and devastated the
northern counties. Ranulph and Sir James Douglas
won a victory at Mitton-on-Swale, in Yorkshire
20 September 1319. Robert of Scotland entered
England i July 1322 and laid it waste as far as Stain-
more, together with the County of Lancaster. On
12 August, Edward II. invaded Scotland, but was
obliged to withdraw for lack of supplies, and on
14 October he was surprised and defeated by King
Robert near Biland Abbey, in Yorkshire, when he
narrowly escaped falling into the hands of the Scots.
Under Edward III. Edward Balliol, a son of the
former King John, was solemnly received as a vassal
King of Scotland at the English Court. This insult
roused Bruce to hurl his marauders again over the bor-
der under Douglas and Randolph. Fresh campaigns
were undertaken ; " on one occasion the Scots were
found in an unassailable position on the Wear, and
the English levies broke hopelessly up."
"By the treaty of Northampton (1330) the inde-
pendence of Scotland was formally recognised, and
Bruce acknowledged as its King." His death within
a year "left the Scottish throne to his son David, a
boy of eight years old." " The claims of the English
and Scottish Barons, which were provided for by the
treaty, had been practically set aside." "A body of
nobles, with Edward Balliol at their head, landed on
the shores of Fife (6 August 1332), and repulsed
with great loss an army which attacked him near
Perth." Balliol was crowned at Scone (24 September),
while David Bruce fled helplessly to France. Edward
had given no open aid to the enterprise, but the
crisis tempted his ambition, and he demanded and
obtained from Balliol an acknowledgment of the
English suzerainty. The acknowledgment, however,
was fatal to Balliol himself. He was at once driven
from his realm, " one leg booted and the other naked,"
within three months of his coronation. Berwick,
which he had agreed to surrender to Edward, was
strongly garrisoned against an English attack. The
town was soon besieged, but a Scotch army under the
regent Douglas, brother to the famous Sir James,
advanced to its relief, and attacked a covering force,
which was encamped on the strong position of
Halidon Hill (19 July 1333). The English bowmen,
however, vindicated the fame they had first won at
Falkirk, and were soon to crown in the victory of Crecy ;
and the Scotch only struggled through the marsh which
covered the English front to be riddled with a storm
of arrows, and to break in utter rout. . . . Balliol
was restored to his throne by the conquerors, and his
formal cession of the Lowlands to England rewarded
their aid, to the mortal offence of the Scots, by whom
he was compelled to flee to Berwick. He returned
with Edward III. in the invasion of the following
year. During the next two years Edward persisted
in the line of policy he had adopted, retaining his
hold over Southern Scotland, and aiding his sub-
king Balliol in campaign after campaign against the
despairing efforts of the nobles who still adhered to
the house of Bruce. His perseverance was all but
The Wars Across the Marches.
xlv
crowned with success, when the outbreak of war
with .France saved Scotland by drawing the strength
of England across the Channel. The patriot party
drew again together. Balliol found himself at last
without an adherent and withdrew to the Court of
Edward, while David returned to his kingdom, and
won back the chief fastnesses of the Lowlands. The
freedom of Scotland was, in fact, secured. From a
war of conquest and patriotic resistance the struggle
died into a petty strife between two angry neighbours,
which became a mere episode in the larger content
between England and France.
GAVESTON AND THE DESPENCERS.
IT was the settled purpose of Edward II. to fling
off the yoke of the baronage, and the means by
which he designed accomplishing his purpose was the
choice of a minister wholly dependent on the Crown.
Piers (iaveston, a foreigner sprung from a family of
Guienne, had been his friend and companion during
his father's reign, and at its close was banished from
the realm May to July 1307 for his share in intrigues
which had divided Edward from his son. Brave and
accomplished, ambitious, ostentatious and imprudent
to offensiveness, he was at the new King's accession
recalled and created Earl of Cornwall, installed
Regent of England, and so loaded with honours l as
to give the greatest offence to the baronage. On
29 October he was betrothed to the King's niece,
Alianore de Clare, sister of the Earl of Gloucester.
From this period till 1312 the barons were struggling
against the favourite and the King's misgovernment.
After a few months of power the demand of the
Parliament for his dismissal could not be resisted,
and he was formally banished from the realm 18 May
1308, only to be constituted Lord Lieutenant of
Ireland in the following month. The firmness of
the baronage sprang from their having found a head
in the Earl of Lancaster, son of Edmund, Crouchback.
His leadership proved irresistible. When Edward
at the close of the parliament, June or July 1309,
recalled Gaveston, Lancaster withdrew from the royal
council. Gaveston was a fine soldier, and his lance
unhorsed his opponents in tourney after tourney.'2
His reckless wit flung nicknames about the Court ;
the Earl of Lincoln was " burst belly " (boele crevee),
I-ancaster was "the hog, the fiddler (vielers) or
play-actor (histrio)," Gloucester, his own brother-in-
1 He received a grant of the County of Cornwall l>y charter
dated at Dumfries 6 August 1307, and' l>ecame thereby Karl of
Cornwall ; King's Gustos and Lieutenant of the Kingdom,
26 Deceml>er 1307 to February 1308 ; liearer of the Crown
(of St. Edward) at the Coronation, 25 February 1308. His
other services were the redemption of the "Curtana" sword
and the fixing of the spur on the King's left fiiot. Lord
Lieutenant of Ireland 16 June 1308 to September 1309, &c. &c.
Proffered the service of three knights' fees for all his lands
in England, performed by three knights with six Iwrded horses.
Mustrr at Tweedmouth, 18 September 1310; and I October
appointed " Custos " of the Forests " citra Trentam " in
supersession of John de Segrave.
l6October 1313, the Earlsof Lancaster, Hereford, Warwick,
and all their adherents, retainers and confederates obtain
general pardons for their participation in his death, &c.
1 On 2 l)eceml>er 1307 he held a tournament at Wallingfofd,
defeating the Earls of \Varenne, Hereford, and Arundel.
law, was " horeson filz a puteyne," Pembroke " Joseph
the lew," Warwick "the black hound of Arden,"
" let him call me hound, one day the hound will
bite him." — Chron. Lanercost, p. 216. Hut taunt and
defiance broke helplessly against the iron mass of
the baronage.
A parliament which met in 1310, the barons
attending in arms, resolved that the affairs of the
realm should be entrusted for a year to a body of
twenty-one "Ordainers," modelled on the Provisions
of the Oxford parliament of 1258. A formidable list
of "Ordinances" drawn up by the twenty -one '
met Edward on his return with Gaveston from a
fruitless warfare with the Scots. By this long and
important statute Gaveston was banished. The
exile of Gaveston, 30 September 1311, was the sign
of the barons' triumph ; his recall 18 January follow-
ing renewed a strife which was only ended by his
surrender in Scarborough Castle, on promise of life.
The " Black Hound " of Warwick had sworn that
the favourite should feel his teeth ; and Gaveston,
who flung himself in vain at the feet of the Earl of
tancaster, praying for pity "from his gentle lord,"
was beheaded 19 June 1312, in defiance of the
terms of his capitulation on Blacklow Hill. The
King's burst of grief was as fruitless as his threats of
vengeance; a feigned submission of the conquerors
completed the royal humiliation, and on 20 December
the barons knelt before Edward at Westminster Hall
to receive a pardon which seemed the deathblow of
the royal power. Special pardons were granted to
all concerned 16 October following.
The new advisers on whom the King now (1321)
leaned were the older and the younger Hugh I,e
Despencer. The rise of the younger was rapid
enough to excite general jealousy. A friend of
Lancaster's and a favourite of the King, who, in
1 The selection of the twenty-one Ordainers affords an early
example of election procedure— the Council apparently consisted
of eleven prelates and eight earls, for no l«ron> are named, of these
nineteen, fifteen were elected, together wilh six larons. The
prelates elected the Karlsof Lincoln and Pembroke, who then co-
opted the Bishops of London and Sali-Uiry, and Barons Hugh de
Vere and William le Marshal. These six then elected or Co-
opted from their original Council five prelates and six earls, the
Archbishop of Canterbury, Bishops of Cl'ichester, Norwich, St.
David and I.hndall ; Karls of Gloucester, Lancaster, Hereford,
Richmond, Warwick and Arundel, and to them were added
four barons, viz., Roliert Fitz Roger, Hugh de Courtenay,
William Martin, and John de Grey. All were sworn together
in the Painted Chamber 20 March 1310.
xlvi
Gaveston and the Despencers.
1313, had succeeded Gaveston as Chamberlain,
receiving from the King the county of Glamorgan
with the hand of its heiress (De Clare). He then pro-
ceeded to increase his lands at the expense of his
neighbours : he seized Newport, which belonged to
Audley, and tried to get the King to resume some
of Mortimer's lands, together with those of Braose and
Gower, and so laid the foundation of the confederacy
which eventually crushed him. War began in the
Marches, and during the early part of 1321 the lands
of the Despencers, including sixty-nine manors
situated in eighteen counties of England and Wales,
were ravaged by (the Earl of Hereford and other
nobles) their "enemies, who committed great spoil,
carrying off cattle, hunting deer, breaking open chests,
&c." Lancaster found little difficulty in extorting by
force of arms in July 1321 the exile of father and son
from the kingdom. General letters of pardon were
granted 20 August (1321) for all offences committed
in the " pursuit " of the Despencers from i March
to 19 August, to the Marcher lords, Humphry de
Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, Roger de
Mortimer de Wigmore,1 Roger de Mortimer de
Chyrk,1 Roger Damory, brother-in-law of Despencer
junior, Bartholomew de Badlesmere, John de
Moubray, John Giffard de Brymmesfeld, John de
Garenne, Earl of Surrey, Hugh Daudele le pier, Hugh
Daudele le fuiz, Richard de Grey de Codenore,
together with their followers and others.
"But the tide of popular sympathy, already
wavering, was turned to the royal cause by an insult
offered to the Queen, against whom Lady Badlesmere
had closed the doors of Ledes Castle, and the
unexpected energy shown by Edward in avenging the
insult gave fresh strength to his cause. He marched
against the castle, captured it, and hanged the
governor, Thomas Colepeper, 31 Oct. 1321. He found
himself strong enough to recall Despencer (3 Decem-
ber), and when Lancaster convoked the baronage to
force him again into exile the weakness of their party
was shown by the treasonable negotiations into which
the Earl entered with the Scots, and by his precipitate
retreat to the north on the advance of the royal army.
1 The Mortimers at Wigmore and Chirk '
Northern Marches almost as independent princes."
ruled the
At Boroughbridge (16 March 1321-2) his forces were
arrested and dispersed, and the Earl himself, brought
captive before Edward at Pontefract, was tried and
condemned to death as a traitor.
" But the arrogance of the Despencers, the assump-
tion of all legislative action by the baronage alone, the
utter failure of a fresh campaign against Scotland,
and the humiliating truce for thirteen years which
Edward was forced to conclude with Robert Bruce
soon robbed the Crown of its temporary popularity,
and led the way to the sudden catastrophe which
closed this disastrous reign. It had been arranged
that the Queen, a sister of the King of France, should
revisit her home to conclude a treaty between the two
countries whose quarrel was again verging upon war ;
and her son, a boy of twelve years old, followed her
to do homage in his father's stead for the duchies of
Gascony and Aquitaine. Neither threats nor prayers,
however, could induce either wife or child to return
to his court ; and the Queen's connection with a
secret conspiracy of the baronage was revealed when
the primate and nobles hurried to her standard on her
landing with the Prince of Wales and Mortimer at
Orwell, in Suffolk. Deserted by all, and repulsed by
the citizens of London whose aid he implored, the
King fled hastily to the west and embarked with the
Despencers for Lundy Isle ; but contrary winds
flung the fugitives again on the Welsh coast (at Neath),
where they fell into the hands of the new Earl of
Lancaster."
In September 1326 the Queen marched to
Bristol. The King and his favourite's father soon
took refuge in flight, only to surrender at Llantrissant
on 16 November. On 27 October the "elder" Des-
pencer was hanged outside the city, and the "younger '
was hanged at Hereford on the 29th of the following
month on a gibbet fifty feet high ; the King was placed
in ward at Kenilworth till his fate could be decided
by a Parliament summoned for that purpose at
Westminster (January 1327). The Peers who
assembled fearlessly revived the constitutional usage
of the earlier English freedom, and asserted their
right to depose a king who had proved himself un-
worthy to rule.
In the following September the King was murdered
at Berkeley Castle.
CORD I.
(57) 3obn, Earl Marcnne.
(58) £bomas, Earl of Xancaetcr ano of Tlciccster.
KUarenne.
John, in armour,
S' lOH'IS : D€ WAR6NNIA : COM 0€ : SVRRCIA.
SIGILLVM : IOHANNI:- MITlS . D€ : WAR€NNIA.
:i h he
r Ik.'
•mo arm
N
'
V III
JOHN, EARL WAKhNNK. 3
, 6arl
SEAL, 1301. — Earl John, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk, coif
and a surcoat of mail, a barrel helm, vizor down, and prick spurs. On his shield and on the
caparisons of his charger the famous gold and blue check of Vermandois.
\+j S' lOH'IS : D€ WAR€NNIA : COMITIIS :J D€ : SVRRCIA.
COUNTER SEAL. — TllE WARREN shield, surrounded by Gothic decoration.
* SIGILLVM : IOHANNIS I: CjOMITIS : D€ : WAR6NNIA.
This fine example of the early engraver's art is apparently the same with which he sealed
in 1254, see Additional Charter, British Museum, 24,451.
EARL JOHN, who succeeded in his childhood
to the titles and lands of William his father
(/ Hameline), became in 1240 a royal ward under
Peter of Savoy. This Hameline (Plantagenet), a
natural son of Geoffrey Earl of Anjou, and so half-
brother of Henry II., bore for his arms FRANCE
within a bordure of ENGLAND, and adopted the
designation of De Warenne on his marriage with the
heiress of that family. There are no arms on his
equestrian seal, Harleian Charter, British Museum,
43 c. 14. The De Warenne arms, which hac1 been
taken from those of Yermandois, were adopted by
his son William (see Harleian Charter, 57 E. 28) and
his descendants.
Warenne was with Edward in Gascony 1254, and
knighted with him in Spain. Neither his descent nor
his marriage in 1247 w'th the half-sister of Henry III.
sufficed to secure Earl John's loyal adhesion to the
King in his struggle with the barons under Simon
de Montfort, who, though a foreigner, has been
aptly described as the champion of English free-
dom. He fought with the King 1258-9, against him
1260 3, then once more with the King against Simon,
who in 1264 besieged our fickle Earl in his own
castle of Rochester. In May of that year De
Montfort's party defeated and took the King prisoner
at Lewes. Earl John fled to Pevensey Castle, of
which he was constable, and thence escaped to
France. In the following month (June) his lands
were confiscated by his whilom friends the barons,
and in the following year, under Prince Edward, he
fought at Evesham, where De Montfort fell on the
4th of August.
He took the Cross 24 June 1268, though it does
not appear that he went on crusade. On 19 June
1270, during the hearing of his suit with Alan la
Zouche in Westminster Hall, ere justice could be
done, his followers, fearing an adverse judgment,
proceeded to assault his adversary and the judge his
father ; the former died of his wounds, and Earl John
was condemned in a formal fine of 10,000 marks ; in
the same year he obtained a pardon for all his
offences against Henry III. In 1279 he headed
the opposition to the quo warninto writs, and it is
JOHN, EARL WARENNE.
chronicled that when called upon to show by what
title he held his lands he proudly pointed to " an
ancient and rusty " sword, adding that by it his
ancestors acquired them in the time of William the
Bastard, and by it ("gladio teneo, gladio tenebo")
he would hold them.
After the death of his sister Isabella, widow of
Hugh de Albini Earl of Sussex, in 1282, he was
styled in various writs between that year and 1297
" Earl of Surrey and Sussex," from the accidental
union of the shrievalty of Surrey and Sussex.
He was present 29 September 1278, when Alex-
ander of Scotland did homage, as he also had been
(November 1277) in the Council at Westminster when
judgment was given against Llewelyn. Acknowledged
the service of eleven knight's fees, seven for his
ancient lands and four for Staunford and Graham.
Summoned to muster for service in person in the
first expedition against Lewelin, Prince of Wales, at
Worcester July 1277. Served with Edward in the
second Welsh invasion ; to muster at Worcester 1 7 May
1282, and in August at Khuddlan, and lastly at Mont-
gomery May 1283. Summoned to the parliament at
Shrewsbury 30 September 1283 for the trial of David,
the brother of Lewellin; the writ (28 June) recites
the misdeeds, trespasses, and death of Llewelyn.
Guardian to Griffith ap Madoc Vychan, to whose
part the lordships of Bromfield and Yal fell ; so
guarded his ward (who was drowned in the Dee) that
he never returned to his possession, and obtained
these lands for himself (Powel) by charter dated
at Rhuddlan 7 October 10 Ed. I. ; thus he
became one of the most powerful of the Marcher
lords.
His bailiff was ordered 23 July 1287 to raise all
the foot- soldiers fit for service in his bailiwicks of
Bromfield and Yal to march against Resus filius
Mereduci (Rhys ab Maredudd, i.e. ap Meredyth) ; on
14 November Earl John was enjoined to reside on
his demesnes and lordships until the rebellion of
Resus should be put down. Ordered in 1288 to
abstain from violations of the peace and summoned
to appear before the Regent, Edmund, Earl of Corn-
wall, and the Council, to propound any grievance
Johans li bons Quens de Warenne
De 1'autre chel avoit la renne
A jufticer e governer,
Cum cil ky bien favoit mener
Gent fegnourie e honnouree
De or e de afur efchequere
Fu fa baniere noblement.
Summoned 18 October 1299 to a parliament or
council at the New Temple, London, and to the
parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary, 13-20 January
1300-1 ; as COMES WARENNE he joined in the letter
addressed to the Pope (12 February) by the
Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
" Communitas " of England, and attached his seal
which he might have sustained. To muster at
Worcester November 1294 for the relief of the Castle
of Bere, threatened by Madog ab Llewellyn.
Warenne was engaged between September and
November 1289 in negotiating the treaty of Salisbury
with the Scots, and, together with Anthony Bek,
Bishop of Durham, concluded the treaty of Brigham,
18 July 1290. On 28 August, Prince Edward
appointed him procurator to contract his marriage
with Margaret, Queen of Scotland.
Supported his son-in-law, John Balliol, in his
successful competitorship for the Scottish crown
(1290-2); KING of Scotland .1292, invaded England,
defeated and imprisoned in the Tower 1296.
Guardian of Edward, the Scots' King's son, Novem-
ber 1299 until September 1310.
Served in the wars with the Scots; to muster at
Norham in June 1291. Custodian of the sea coast
and Constable of Bamborough Castle 1295, and one
of the "custodes " of the counties beyond Trent. In
November all the men of Northumberland between
the ages of fifteen and sixty were required to muster
before him and the Bishop of Durham at the Bridge
of Amot. Summoned to attend the muster at London
7 July 1297 for service in person in parts beyond
the seas. "Guardian and lieutenant of Scotland" in
1296-7 ; and enjoined, as commander of the forces
to suffer no one to depart by land or sea without the
King's leave. Defeated the Scots at Dunbar 27 April
1296. On i August he writes to the King that "the
Earl of Stratherne has taken the traitor Macdoff and
his two sons ; they shall receive their deserts when
they arrive." He was routed by Wallace at Stirling
Bridge n September 1297, and escaped with a few
followers to Berwick. On 22 January he was ordered
to invade Scotland. Commanded the rear-guard,
"la quarte batayle," at Falkirk, when Wallace was
defeated, 22 July 1298, and, with his grandson Henry
Percy, commanded the second division of the forces
that took part in the siege of Caerlaverock Castle,
ii July 1300, a siege immortalised in the poem, ac-
cording to Wright, composed by one of King Edward's
heralds, who thus strangely sings of this hot-tempered
and fickle earl : —
John the good Earl of Warenne
Of the other squadron held the reins
To regulate and govern,
As he who well knew how to lead
Noble and honourable men.
His banner with gold and azure
Was nobly checquered.
as shown. He died at Kennington, near to London,
27 September 1305, and was buried in Lewes Priory
as Sire Johan, Count de Gareyn, M.I.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 344; Nicolas'
Synopsis, 762;;; Archneologia, xxi. , pt. I, 195; Parliamentary
Writs, Vol. I., 895 ; Calendar of Scottish Documents : Scotland
in 1298, Falkirk, 151 ; Caerlaverock Roll, cd. !\Vright, 6 ;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 6,529.
THOMAS, EARL OF LANCASTER AND OF /./-./< E!> TEK.
Cl)omas, €arl of ^Lancaster and of 3Letce0ter.
SKAL, 1301. — Earl Thomas, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk
of mail and surcoat, helm with vizor down, and lambrequin, thereon a wyvern with wings ouvert.
The arms of England with a label of Erance, on his shield and on the caparisons of his charger
which is crested with the wyvern.
•fc S. THOM€ IS : LAN IE : L€YCESTRI€ : ET : F€RARIIS
COUNTER SEAL — A shield of the arms suspended from a trifurcated bough, decorated on
either side with a wingless wyvern and trefoyles.
. . . • THOM€ : COMITIS : LANCAS TRI€ • € ARMS
This should be compared with his later seal as Steward of England, in Cotton Charter XVI. 7,
British Museum, with Sandford's Genealogical History, page 102, and Doyle's Baronage, II. 310.
THOMAS OF LANCASTER, by the union of
the four, if not five, earldoms of Lincoln (and
Salisbury), Leicester, Derby, and I-ancashire, as well
as by his royal blood (for like the King he was a
grandson of Henry the Third), stood at the he.id of
the English baronage, and the issue of the long
struggle with Edward raised him for a time (1314
1321) to supreme power in the realm.
Earl Thomas (son of Edmund, surnamed Crouch-
back, and brother of Edward I.) styled himself Earl
of Ferrers, on inheriting from his father (1295) the
Thomas de Langcaftre eftoit contes
Se eft de fes armes teus li contes,
1 )e Engletere, au label de France,
E ne vuel plus mettre en fouffrance.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1 ; and as COMES LANCASTR' he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope( 12 February)
estates forfeited in 1265 by Robert de Ferrers, Earl of
Derby.
He served in the wars with the Scots, and was sum-
moned to attend the musters at Carlisle, York,
Berwick - upon - Tweed, and Newcastle - upon - Tyne
1297-1319; fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July
1298, in the division led by the King, and at the
siege of Caerlaverock, n July 1300, in the division
led by his cousin the Prince of Wales. The (un-
quoted) reference to him in ".the Roll" is too
prophetic to have been contemporary : —
Thomas was Earl of I-ancaster ;
This is the description of his arms,
Those of England with a label of France,
And I will not trouble you more about him.
by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part
of the "Communitas " of England, and attached his
seal as shown.
THOMAS, EARL OF LANCASTER AND OF LEICESTER.
He performed and sent service in and to the
King's army in Scotland 1300. 1303 and 1306 ; and
proffered the service of six knight's fees for all his
lands in England, performed by four knights and four
" servientes " with eight barded horses, at the muster
at Tweedmouth 19 September 1310.
Bearer of the sword " Curtana " at the Coronation,
25 February 1308, and on y May was made
Steward of England, as an appanage to his earldom
of Leicester.
He was specially enjoined, 14 June 1309, to
abstain from attending tournaments or exercising feats
of arms, and strictly prohibited 7 February 1310 (and
again 28 November 1311) from repairing to parlia-
ment with an armed force, and commanded to attend
in a peaceable manner. He disregarded the pro-
hibition, and compelled the King to consent to the
appointment of the " Ordainers,l: by whom the royal
authority was to be superseded until Michaelmas
1311.
Lancaster was co-opted as one of the (21)
" Ordainers " appointed to reform the household of the
King, sworn 20 March 1310 in the Painted Chamber.
One of the Ordinances was a decree of banishment
on Gaveston, for no sooner had Edward II. come to
the throne than he recalled his boon companion,
Piers Gaveston, created him Earl of Cornwall, gave
him in marriage his niece Alianore de Clare, and
so loaded him with favours (see page xlv) that the
exasperated nobles protested under Earl Thomas.
Edward, however, recalled Gaveston, and for safety
withdrew with him to York, which they left 5 April
1312 for Newcastle-upon-Tyne. Here they were
surprised 4 May by Earl Thomas at the head of a
large body of armed men. Edward and his favourite
fled to Tynemouth and took ship for Scarborough
Castle, where he installed him together with forces
sufficient for its defence. After resting four days
at Newcastle, Earl Thomas and his armed men
marched into Yorkshire. The Earls of Pembroke
and Warren invested the Castle, Lancaster hovering
between Scarborough and York, whence the King
had retired, so as to intercept any royalist contingent.
Gaveston surrendered on condition of his personal
safety, was placed under guard and abducted by the
" black hound " of Warwick, who conveyed him at
once as his own prisoner to Warwick Castle. He
was as promptly beheaded on Klacklow Hill, on the
lands of Earl Thomas, without trial, 19 June 1312,
in the presence of Lancaster, in utter disregard of
the conditions of his surrender.
Earl Thomas marched south and reached Ware, on
his way to London, 8 September, together with the
Earls of Hereford and Warwick, when they found the
city of London closed against them. Letters of safe
conduct were, however, granted him from 8 October
1312, and renewed until he and all his adherents,
retainers and confederates obtained general pardon,
16 October 1 31 3, for the pursuit and death of Gaveston.
Lancaster refused to be reconciled with Hugh le
Despencer, and he also refused to accompany
Edward II. to Scotland in 1313. After the defeat of
Bannockburn, 24 June 1314, the King was obliged to
seek a new conciliation with him, and in August 1315
he wasappointed King's lieutenant and chief captain of
all the forces in the Marches against the Scots, becom-
ing President of the Council 17 February 1316. The
Scots captured Berwick 2 April 1318, and invaded
England. General pardons were further granted him,
9 August, 22 October, and i November, 1318, &c.
Obtained his writ of scutage 2 June 1319, in con-
sideration of services sent to Edward II. Empowered,
i July 1319, to raise 2,006 foot soldiers from his
domains, and knights' fees, to be marched to New-
castle-upon-Tyne.
Hugh le Despencer had now succeeded Gaveston
as King's favourite, and had received in marriage his
niece Margaret, sister of Gaveston's wife, together with
immense estates. Resenting the high-handedness of
the new favourite and his father, the barons again
rallied under Earl Thomas and marched to London,
when the King consented to the banishment of father
and son, 15 July 1321. On the recall of Despencer,
Earl Thomas issued his summons for an illegal
or seditious meeting of the " Good Peers " to be held
at Doncaster 29 November 1321 ; their attendance
was prohibited by writ of 12 November. In the
following February William le Ros and others were
empowered to raise Yorkshire against him and his
adherents, whom they were commanded to attack and
pursue. He had now confederated with the Scots ;
there is a letter to him under Sir James de Douglas'
seal entitled " en la cue au Roi Arthur " (Rot. Clans.
15 E. II. m i8d). The "magnates" in rebellion
boasted his protection; he is warned (8 February)
that he incurred the penalty of high treason ;
and was declared a rebel (n March). Hue and cry
raised after him. The Earls of Kent and Surrey
empowered to pursue and arrest him. Five days
after he was defeated and taken in arms against
the King in the battle of Boroughbridge, 17 March.
He was condemned to death in the Military
Council held before the King, as a traitor, and
beheaded at Pontefract 22 March 1321-2. "Have
mercy on me, King of Heaven," cried Lancaster,
as, mounted on a grey pony without a bridle,
he was hurried to execution, "for my earthly king
has forsaken me." Traitor though he was, he was
a favourite of the people, who fain would have had
him canonized.
For seal of his brother Henry, see page 29.
Authorities.— Parliamentary \Vrits, Vol. I. 695, II. (liv. 3,
1068; Calendar of Scottish Documents; Archa'ologia, xxi.,
pt. I, 201 ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 141 ; Caerlaverock
Roll, ed. Wright, 20; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 6,332.
CORD II.
0)8) TKalpb be flDontbermer, £arl ot Gloucester ano of ibertforo.
){)) 1bumfre\> oe Bobnn, Earl of lbcrcfor& ant) of Csscy;
Constable of
DC g@ontl)erimr, 6arl of dplouccster anD Hertford.
•
•-lalph, in armour.
mail, h. h vi/or down, crestr
•played.
[RA1DI' : COM : GLOV'NIC : HERTFORD' : KILK6NI : DNI ; GLAIMG
Coi
with a
RALPH
has noi l> with t!
Gilbert d
O!" an
100 barbed h •
t.T he
: war.
RALPH I)E MONTHERMER, EARL OF GLOUCESTER AND HERTFORD.
De £@onrt)ermer, Carl of d£louce0ter an& Hertford,
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT, 1299 TO 1306 — 1309 TO 1324.
SEAL, 1301.— Earl Ralph, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk and
surcoat of mail, helm, with vizor down, crested with an eagle. On his shield and on the
caparisons of his charger, an eagle displayed.
[RAJDI1 : COM' : GLOV'NI€ : HCRTFORD' : KILK6NI : DNI : GLAtMORGAN].
COUNTER SEAL. — The eagle ; on a shield, suspended from a bough, decorated on either side
with a wingless vvyvern. The legend as on the seal.
RALPH DE MONTHERMER, whose parentage
has not been handed down, was one of the
esquires in the household of that Gilbert de Clare
called "the Red," Earl of Gloucester and Earl of
Hertford, one of de Montfort's knights, who is said
to have taken Henry III. prisoner at Lewes in 1264.
Earl Gilbert died 7 December 1295; his widow,
" Joan of Acre," daughter of Edward I., was married
clandestinely to our Ralph in 1297. For this he was
imprisoned at Bristol ; on the 2nd of August he did
homage and received the King's pardon, when certain
lands belonging to the Countess were restored to her
on the condition that she should provide one hundred
men-at-arms to serve in the French wars, she to
appoint anyone Captain, save her husband.
De or tin o trois chiverons vermaus
I ot baniere foulement ;
Si ne faifoit pas malement
Kant fes propres armes veftoit,
Jaunes ou le egle verde eftoit.
Se avoit non Rauf dc Monthermer.
He was generally summoned 7 July 1297 to serve
with the King's expedition in parts beyond the seas
(Gascony or Flanders) and to appear eyuis et urmis at
a military council at Rochester 8 September before
Edward, the King's son and lieutenant in England ;
the King had embarked for Flanders 22 August. He
served in the wars with the Scots, and was summoned
to attend musters at Carlisle, York, Berwick, and New-
castle-upon-Tyne 1299-1323. Fought at the battle
of Falkirk, 22 July 1298, and on 19 December he
drew pay for too barbed horses for the Scottish war,
^1,538. 6s. 8J. He was one of the besiegers of
Caerlaverock Castle under his father-in-law, Edward I.,
1 1 July 1 300, when he bore the banner of Clare though
vested in his own coat of arms, as the roll recites : —
Of fine gold with three red chevrons
He had there only a banner.
Yet he made no bad appearance
When he was attired in his own arms,
Which were yellow with a green eagle.
His name was Ralph de Monthermer.
10
RALPH DE MONTHERMER, EARL OF GLOUCESTER AND HERTFORD.
Earl Ralph was summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1 ; and as
" RAD'US DE MONTE H'MERI, COM' Gi.ouc' & HERF' "
he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the "Communitas " of England, and attached
his seal as shown. In March he was summoned to
join the Prince of Wales at Carlisle against the Scots.
He became Earl of Athol in 1306, but sur-
rendered the Earldom in the following year (24 June
1307) for 10,000 marks and in lieu thereof received
the ward of the Clare lands in Wales and the
Gloucestershire march of Wales till the majority of
the heir.
Defeated by Robert Bruce, and besieged in the
Castle of Ayr 1307. Keeper of Cardiff and other
castles in Wales 1307. He was earnestly requested
2 August 1310 to attend the muster at Berwick-upon-
Tweed 8 September. Guardian and lieutenant and
warden in Scotland 1311-12.
He was specially empowered 3 September 1312
to repair to the Earls of Lancaster, Hereford, and
Warwick, and to prohibit them from proceeding to
the King with an armed force after the death of
Gaveston.
In 1313 he made another clandestine marriage
— this time with Joane, widow of John de Hastings
(see page 37), the daughter of Hugh le Despencer,
Earl of Winchester. This second breach was not
pardoned until August 1319.
He was taken prisoner at the battle of Ban-
nockburn 1314. Appointed "Gustos" or keeper of
the forests citra Trentam (19 February) 1314-15 in
succession to Hugh le Despencer ; and on 30 August
1315 he was requested to remain stationed in the
northern parts during the winter campaign, as the
Scots had invaded Durham two months before and
had unsuccessfully besieged Carlisle.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he was in-
formed 8 June 1318 that the meeting of parliament is
revoked by reason of the invasion of the Scots.
Obtained writs de scutagio, &c., for service sent to
Scotland, 10 and 25 November 1320. On 21 April
1321 he was requested to co-operate in appeasing the
disturbances (at Bristol) and also to refrain from
attending any illegal conferences or assemblies ; this
in opposition to the Despencers.
Ordered 29 November 1321 to abstain from attend-
ing the meeting of the " Good Peers " illegally con-
vened by the Earl of Lancaster (page 6) to be held
at Doncaster; enjoined 6 February following to
raise as many men-at-arms and foot soldiers as he
can, and (281)1) ordered to appear at Coventry to
march against the rebels or adherents of the Earl of
Lancaster. The battle of Boroughbridge was fought
on March 17.
He was commanded 18 April 1323 to provide
pack-saddles for the use of the army, in case it
should be expedient to advance to the north without
the wagon train.
Summoned 9 May 1324 to attend the Great
Council at Westminster, and 4 August following com-
manded to serve in person in defence of the duchy
of Aquitaine, and 17 March following to attend the
muster at Portsmouth for service in Gascony. He
died about 1325.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 76211 ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 745; II. div. 3, 1189; Archoeologia, xxi., pt. I,
76; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 153; Roll of Caerlaverock,
ed. Wright, 21 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 6,241.
HUMFREY DE BOHUN, EARL OF HEREFORD AND ESSEX.
ii
L
DC Boljun, Carl of I>mforfl anD CSGCV.
CONSTABLE OF ENGLAND.
PERFORMED HOMAGE l6 FEBRUARY 1299.
SEAL, 1301. — Earl Humfrey, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk
of mail, surcoat, helm with fan plume, vizor down. On his shield and on the caparison of his
charger, the lyons and cotised bend.
S' H' D€ BOHVN : COMITIS €T : C'STTBVL/R' : ANGL'.
COUNTER SEAL. — The shield of Bohun, hung by a loop enclosing the Bohun swan, see Seal
Catalogue, p. 253 ; on either side, two miniature shields of Mandcville, Earl of Essex, beneath a
slipped trefoyle. See " Some Feudal Coats of Arms," 8vo. edition, p. 162
B : S' : HVMFRIDI : D€ : BOHV [C]OMITIS : H€R€FORDI€ : €T : €SS€XI€ :
EARL HUMFREY, Constable of England, one summoned to attend musters at Carlisle, Berwick
of the leaders in the protracted struggle with upon-T»veed, Newcastle- upon-Tyne, and York 1298-
1319. He (and his father,* who died 31 December
1298) fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July of that
year ; he was also one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock
Castle ii July 1300, serving in the first division under
Henry I^acy, " the Good Earl of Lincoln."
of the leaders in the protracted struggle with
the Crown, was brother-in-law of Ralph de Mon-
thermer (page 9), Eleanor his wife being another
daughter of Edward I. and own cousin to Thomas
and Henry of Lancaster, see pages 5 and 29.
He served in the wars with the Scots and was
Ses compaigns fu Ii Coneftables,
Joefnes horns, riches e mettables,
Ki Quens eftoit de Herefort ;
Baniere out de Inde cendal fort,
O une blanche bendelee,
De deus coftices entrealee,
De or tin, dont au dehors afis
Ot en rampant lyonceaus fis.
His companion was the Constable,
A young man, rich and elegant,
Who was Karl of Hereford :
He had a banner of deep blue silk,
With a white bend
Between two coltices
Of fine gold, on the outside of which
He had six lioncels rampant.
He was ordered to provide a garrison for Loch-
maben Castle 30 October 1300. In the next year Sir
John de Seyton, Sir Gilbert de Lyndeseye, and Sir
Ingram de Gynes were in his service.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1 ; and as COM' HEREFORD ET
ESSEX & CONSTAB' ANGL' he joined in the letter
addressed to the Pope ( 1 2 February) by the Barons, as
well on their part as on the part of the " Communitas "
of England, and attached his seal as shown. In the
following year he married, at Westminster, Eleanor,
eighth daughter of Edward I. and widow of John,
Count of Holland and Zealand ; he then surrendered
all his lands to the Crown and had a regrant in tail.
Took part in the tournament at Fulham in 1305
and in 1307 at Wallingford against Gaveston, the
King's favourite.
He was resummoned September 1305 "ex habun-
danti " to appear at the Councilor parliament at WiM-
* Humphrey, who with Roger Bigod, next named, refused to
serve in Gascony (or out of the country) unaccompanied by
the King, who was about to proceed to Flanders.
H
HUMFREY DE BO HUN, EARL OF HEREFORD AND ESSEX.
minster to treat with the Scottish representatives (see
page xliij).
For his services the King by charter 10 April 1306
granted him the Castle of Lochmaben and the lord-
ships of Annandale, the inheritance of Robert Bruce,
which had escheated to the Crown by reason of " the
felony of the said Robert " in seditiously and trea-
cherously slaying John Comyn of Badenoch before the
high altar of the church of the Friars minor of Dum-
fries and thus committing sacrilege. He received a
further charter(2o October), of the lands ofall the rebels
who held of Robert Brus, of the Castle of Lochma-
ben and valley of Annan. On 18 October following
his lands in the county of Hereford were ordered to
be seised into the King's hands and his body to be
arrested, for absenting himself from the King's army
in Scotland without licence; on 23 January 1306-7
the escheator was ordered to restore his lands.
He was commanded 18 October 1307 to repair to
Scotland with all his forces for the defence of the
country in general as well of his own possessions,
i.e. to oppose Bruce.
He was summoned (18 January) to attend the
King's Coronation, and walked in the Coronation
procession at Westminster 25 February 1308, bearing
the royal sceptre surmounted by a cross.
He was specially enjoined 14 June 1309 to abstain
from attending tournaments or exercising feats of
arms ; and required 5 August to raise 800 foot
soldiers (reduced to 150) from his lordship of Bren-
nock. He was despatched 23 October following to
Scotland together with Robert de Clifford and Henry
de Bellomonte for the general defence of the marches,
and earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 September 1310.
Proffered the service of five knight's fees, performed by
ten " servientes " with ten barded horses, for the
muster at Tweedmouth 19 September 1310.
He was strictly prohibited 7 February 1310 (and
again 28 November 1311) from repairing to par-
liament with an armed force, but, acting with Lan-
caster and others, the prohibition was disregarded,
and the King was eventually compelled to consent to
the appointment of the " Ordainers." Bohun and the
others were sworn in the Painted Chamber 20 March
1310 (see page xlv). The day before the death of
Gaveston (18 June) he and the Earl of Warwick (see
page 1 7) entered into a bond against the King and all
others, for which he, together with the Earl of
Lancaster, was summoned, as " Lords Ordainers," to
appear before the King 27 August 1312. This sum-
mons they also disregarded and advanced against the
King with an armed force and reached Ware 8 Septem-
ber, where they heard that the city was secured against
them. As an adherent of the Earl of Lancaster he ob-
tained letters of safe conduct October 1312 to October
1313, and was pardoned (16) for his participation in the
death of Gaveston. Taken prisoner at Bannockburn
24 June 1314 and exchanged 2 October for the wife
of Bruce, who had been a captive in England since
1306. Appointed captain of all the forces destined
to act against Llewelyn Bren n February 1315-16,
who was carried off and judicially murdered at York
by the Despencers.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he is informed
that the meeting of parliament is revoked by reason
of the invasion of the Scots, under the Earl of Moray,
in May 1318: Berwick was captured 2 April 1318,
and a truce arranged in 1319. Appointed 9 August
1318 one of the members of the Extraordinary
Council, to be constantly about the King pursuant
to the treaty concluded with the Karl of Lancaster.
He was enjoined 30 January 1321 to abstain from
any illegal or treasonable conventions or assemblies
and on 13 and 18 April to preserve the peace in his
lordships and to prevent illegal assemblies, against
Despencer, in Wales and the marches. On the 23rd
he was summoned to a Council at Gloucester on this
business, did not attend, but sent word that he could
not repair to the King so long as Despencer junior was
in the King's " comitiva," and prays that the latter
may be committed to the custody of the Earl of Lan-
caster. The King informs him that such excuse is
insufficient and requires him to repair to a " tractum "
at Oxford. He prepared i May (1321) to attack
Hugh junior in his lordships in the marches.
Appeared in London at the head of an armed force
and took the lead in denouncing the favourites, who
were sentenced to forfeiture and exile. He was
described as one of the great men who had con-
federated against the Despencers. By letters patent
20 August 1321 he obtained a pardon for all
homicides, robberies, felonies, trespasses, &c., com-
mitted in the "pursuit" of the Despencers.
He was ordered 12 November (1321) to abstain
from attending the meeting of the " Good Peers "
illegally convened by the Earl of Lancaster to be
held at Doncaster. He joined the discontented
Barons in hostility against the King, and assisted
them in taking the town of Gloucester and in
attacking and burning Bridgnorth ; he allowed the
attacks on the Castles of Elmeley and Henley, and,
aided and abetted by the prior of Lanthony, com-
mitted great depredations upon the King's adherents.
Special commissions were appointed 21 and 23
January (1321-2) for his apprehension. The clergy
were commanded to cause prayers to be offered up in
all churches and cathedrals for the King's safety.
Bohun was declared a rebel on the i ith of March,
1322, hue and cry raised after him, and on the i6th
or 1 7th he was slain in the battle of Boroughbridge,
and was buried in the church of the Friars preachers
at York.
Authorities. —Nicolas' Synopsis, 7637; ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 479 ; II. div. 3, 555 ; C.S.D. ; Archueologia,
xxi., pt. i, 196; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 131; Roll of
Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 4 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals,
British Museum, 5,722.
CORD III.
(78) iRalpb Biooo, Earl of IRorfolfc ; fl&arsbal of £n0Uuft.
(77) (5u\> be Beaucbamp, £arl of TKIlarwicft.
V
, 6arl of Jftorfolh.
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-
ROGER BIGOD, F.ARL OF NORFOLK.
IRogcr BtgoD, earl of 5l?orfolft.
MARSHAL OF ENGLAND.
PERFORMED HOMAGE 2$ JULY 1270.
SEAL, 1301. -Per pale a rampant lyon.
ft SIGILLVM . ROG6RI . BIGOD.
THE MARSHAL, with the Earls of Lancaster
and Hereford previously mentioned, led the
Barons in their protracted struggle with the Crown.
One of the earliest of his public acts was to con-
sent in parliament at Westminster on Sunday the
feast of St. Dunstan, 19 May 1275, that the same
custom as hitherto should be payable on wool, wool-
fells, and hides shipped from the ports of his
liberties in Ireland.
The Marshal was of the Council held at West-
minster 12 November 1276 which passed judgment
against Lewelin, Prince of Wales.
His bailiffs of Struguil were ordered (28 December)
to prohibit the furnishing of supplies to the Welsh
rebels. In July 1277 at Worcester he acknowledged
the service of five knight's fees for the Earldom of
Norfolk and the office of the Marshalcy of England,
performed in person and by five knights on his behalf
in the first expedition against Lewelyn. At this
muster he claimed the service of one knight's fee in
Wyset " acknowledged by John de Vallibus (Vaux)
and performed " in sua comitiva."
Gustos of the Castles of Bristol and Nottingham
circa 1282.
Served also with Edward in his second invasion
of Wales — musters at Worcester 17 May, and at
Rhuddlan in August 1282, and finally at Montgomery
May 1283. On 30 September following he was
summoned to the parliament at Shrewsbury for the
trial of David, the brother of Lewelin. The writ
(28 June) recites the misdeeds, trespasses and death
of the Prince of Wales ; David, his brother, was
executed.
Enjoined 14 November 1287 to reside on his
demesnes and lordships until the rebellion of Resus
filius Mereduci (Rhys ab Maredudd, i.e. Meredyth)
should be put down, and ordered 22 August 1288
to abstain from violation of the peace, and to
appear before Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, and the
Council to propound his grievances. Ordered to
muster at Worcester in November 1294 for the relief
of Bere Castle threatened by Madoc ab Lewelyn
(Morgan), who was in revolt.
In August 1295 he was "Gustos" of the sea
shores in the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk for
the defence thereof against the French. Summoned
to the muster at London 7 July 1297 for service in
person beyond seas. This was the memorable oc-
casion on which he and the Earl of Hereford (father
of Humphrey, page u) refused to serve in Gascony
(or out of the country)
unaccompanied by their
King. "By God, Earl,
you shall either go or hang,"
said the King ; " By God,
King," answered the Earl,
" I will neither go nor
hang." The famous uncle
of this famous nephew had
similarly defied Henry III.
(c. 1255). "I will send reapers and reap your fields
for you," said the King when the Earl refused him
aid ; " And I will send you back the heads of your
reapers," retorted the Earl.
The Marshal and Constable were temporarily
deprived of their offices. Edward embarked for
Flanders 22 August 1297. Bigod and Bohun ap-
peared in arms, and supported by the citizens of
London, together with an assembly of the "magnates "
and knights of the shire, drew up articles whereby the
King eventually renounced the right of taxation with-
out national consent. Roger was summoned to a
council or parliament 30 September ; Edward, the
King's son, and his council undertook (10 October)
to intercede with the King on his behalf. The prince
yielded to the demand, and the articles were con-
firmed by the King at Ghent in November.
Served in the wars with the Scots and summoned to
musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Carlisle, York and
Berwick-upon-Tweed 1296-1303, fought at the battle
of Falkirk when Wallace was defeated, 22 July 1298.
Summoned to a parliament or council held at the
New Temple, London, 18 October 1299, and to that
of Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1 ; as
COM' NORF' and MARESCH' ANGL' he joined in the
letter addressed to the Pope (12 February) by the
Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
" Communitas " of England, and attached his seal as
shown. One of those " magnates " who compelled
the King to ratify the great charter of this year.
He surrendered his titles and estates 12 April 1302,
receiving them again 12 July following, with special
limitation to the heirs male of his body ; they reverted
to the Crown on his death without issue 1 1 December
1306. Writ of diem clausit exlremum tested at
Lanercost 8 December, 35 E.I.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 470; Archseologia,
xxi., pt. I, 198; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 131 ; Dr. Birch's
Catalogued Seals, British Museum, 7,471.
16
GUY DE BEAUCHAMP, EARL OF WARWICK.
De Beaucljamp, 6arl of SZftartmcft,
PERFORMED HOMAGE 25 SEPTEMBER 1298.
SEAL, 1301. — Earl Guy, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk of
mail, surcoat, helm, vizor down, plumed and with lambrequin. On his shield and on the caparison
of his charger, the Beauchamp crosslets and fess.
. . . GVCVDDON' . D€ . BELLOCAM ....
COUNTER SEAL. — A shield suspended with the arms of Earl Thomas de Wanvik, 1213-42,
chequy and a chevron ermine — each side of the shield decorated with a lyon.
AMPO COM' . WARR€WYK'
EARL GUY was " named after the famous Guy,
the mythical ancestor of these Earls temp. Athel-
stan, whose adventures with dragons and with pagan
folk were long the joy of the romancer, n Peerage Studies,
by J. H. Round. He served in the wars with the
Scots. On 25 September 1298 he had grants of
land in Scotland belonging to Mowbray, Strivelyn
and de Chartres. On 19 December he was ordered
Oe Warewik le Conte Guy,
Coment ka en ma rime le guy,
Ne avoit vefyn de luy mellour ,
Baner ot de rouge colour,
O feffe de or e croiffillie.
He was summoned to the parliament at Lincoln,
St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1 ; and as COM'
WARR' he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part
as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached his seal as shown. Summoned (18
January) to attend the Coronation, "walks in the
procession, bearing one (the third) of the Swords
of State 23 February 1308."
to be paid at the rate of 30 barded horses, ^461. ios.,
for their march from York to Scotland. He was
summoned to attend various musters at Carlisle,
York, Berwick, Newcastle, and Tweedmouth 1299-
1323, also at Biker 28 September 1310. Fought at
the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298 in the division led
by the King, and was one of the besiegers of
Caerlaverock Castle July 1300.
Of Warwick the Earl Guy,
However I may bring him in my rhyme,
There was not a better neighbour than he ;
He bore a red banner
With a fess of gold and crusily.
-He was present at the King's death 7 July 1307,
and received the royal injunctions against Gaveston,
who was forbidden the realm. This to a great extent
led to the insulting badinage in which the favourite
indulged on his restoration under Edward II. (see
page xlv). He had unhorsed " the black hound of
Arden " in a tournament at Wallingford in 1307, but
Warwick swore that " the hound " would live to bite
him. He took a prominent part in the favourite's
GUY DE BEAUCHAMP, EARL OF WARWICK.
banishment 18 May 1308 and was alone in refusing
to be reconciled to his recall the following year.
Specially enjoined 14 June 1309 to abstain from
attending tournaments or from exercising feats of
arms, and strictly though vainly prohibited 7 February
following from repairing to parliament with an armed
force. He joined the Earls of Lincoln, Lancaster,
Oxford and Arundel in declining to attend the
parliament at York 26 October 1309, compelled
the King to consent to the appointment of the
(21) " Ordainers," of whom he was one, and with the
remainder was sworn in the Painted Chamber
20 March 1309-10 (see page xlv).
He was earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to
attend the muster at Berwick (8 September), but
refused, preferring to occupy himself with the " Ordi-
nances " ; he attended their publication in St. Paul's
Churchyard 27 September.
He acknowledged and proffered the service of
two knight's fees and a half, performed by one
knight and three "servientes" with four barded
horses, in part of the whole proffer of eight knight's
fees and a half, due for the lands of his earldom and
also for the lands of the inheritance of Robert de
Tauni ; muster at Tweedmouth 10 September 1310.
At the muster at Biker, eighteen days after, he
proffers the service of five knight's fees for all the
lands constituting the Earldom of Warwick, performed
by ten " servientes " with ten barded horses.
He was prohibited 28 November 1311 from
repairing to the parliament at Westminster with war
horses and arms, but commanded to attend in a
peaceable manner. Earl Guy joined the Barons,
under the Earl of Lancaster, in the investment of
Scarborough Castle, where Gaveston had been placed
by the King. On his surrender Gaveston was com-
mitted to the custody of the Earl of Pembroke. At
daybreak on Sunday 10 June, Earl Guy with men-
at-arms and foot soldiers surprised the guard and
conveyed the favourite to Warwick Castle ; on the
arrival of Lancaster with Hereford and Arundel,
Gaveston was beheaded without trial on Blacklow
Hill 19 June 1312.
On the day before, Earl Guy entered into his
bond of maintenance to support the Earl of Hereford
and Essex in the "querele to chaunt Mounsire
Pieris de Gavastone " against the King and all others,
as Piers is an enemy of the King's realm and people,
and to live and die with the Earl therein. Written
at Warwyk on the morrow and before the feast of
St. John Baptist 5 Edward II.
Earl Guy proceeded to the King with an armed
force (his foresters of Arden), rejoining the forces under
Earl Thomas at Ware ; the City of London was
secured against them 8 September 1312. Separate
letters of safe conduct were granted to him 8 October
(1312) until 16 October 1313, when he was pardoned
with the other adherents of the Earl of Lancaster for
their participation in the death of Gaveston. They
refused the following year to go to Scotland, pleading
that the " Ordinances :> had been disregarded.
Earl Guy died at Warwick Castle 10 or 12 August
1315, not without suspicion of having been poisoned
by partisans of Gaveston.
Authorities.— Parliamentary Writs, I., 457; 1 1. div. 3,
p. 509; C.S.D. ; Archseologia, xxi., pt. I, 199; Scotland
in 1298, Kalkirk, 141 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, 8 ; Birch's
Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 5,658.
CORD IV.
(51) iRicbarfc jftts Hlan, i£arl of Hrunoel.
(50) a^mcr oe Valence, Carl of pcm broke.
(49) Milliam be He^burne, lorb of Xc^burnc.
.v
R"
jftt5 3Uan, <£arl of arunftrl.
StOILLVM : RICARDI : COMlTIS' . O€ AROND€L.
sword. ILiubci
m 1 294 of tl
RICHARD FITZ ALAN, EARL OF ARUNDEL.
21
latctwD 5ftt3 3Uan, €arl of
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 24 JUNE 1295.
SEAL, 1301. — Earl Richard, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk of
mail, surcoat girdled, helm with fan plume. On his shield and on the caparisons of his charger,
the (golden) lyon of Fitz Alan.
SIGILLVM : RICARDI : COMITIS' : D€ : AROND6L.
Walter!, Rogerus Extraneus, Petrus Corbet, Fulco
fil Warini and Bogo de Knovile. Summoned to
the muster at Plymouth 1297 for service in person in
Gascony, and at London in July for service in parts
beyond the seas; the King embarked for Flanders
22 August. Summoned in September following to
appear equis et armis at a military council to be
held before Edward, the King's son and lieutenant
in England.
Served in the wars with the Scots and summoned
to attend musters at Newcastle and York 1297-
1301. Fought at the victory of Falkirk 22 July
1 298. In 1 300 he sent the service due for five knight's
fees (28 Edward I.), from which Edmund his son
and heir obtained writ of exoneration 28 April 1315.
He was one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle
n July 1300.
ICHARD FITZALAN, feudal lord of Clun
_T\. and Oswaldestre and Earl of Arundel, was
knighted in 1289, and "received the sword of the
county of Sussex " (according to Glover, Somerset
Herald 1571-89) from Edward I, "ut vocatur comes"
(G.E.C.), though nothing more is heard of this title
— for a similar case see Earldom of Sussex, some-
times assigned to John de Warenne.
In July 1287 his bailiffs of " Blaunc-Monstir"
and " Clone " were directed to raise foot soldiers to
march against Resus filius Mereduci [Rhys ap Mare-
dudd, i.e. Meredyth], and on 14 November following
(as also 30 November 1288) he was enjoined to
reside on his demesnes and lordships until the
rebellion of Resus was put down.
Commander in 1294 of the forces sent to relieve
Bere Castle (threatened by the Welsh insurgent
Madoc ab Morgan) ; under him were Robertus fil
Richart le conte de Arondel,
Beau chevalier e bien ame,
I vi-je richement arme
En rouge, au lyon rampant de or.
He was summoned to the parliament of Lincoln,
St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as COM'
ARUNDELL he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope ( 1 2 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached his seal as shown.
Richard the Earl of Arundel,
A handsome and well-beloved knight,
I saw there, richly armed
In red, with a gold lyon rampant.
He died 9 March 1302. See Doyle's Official
Baronage I., p. 69.
Authorities.— Parliamentary Writs, I., 509; C.S.D. ; Scot-
land in 1298, Falkirk, 153 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, td. Wright,
21 ; L)r. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 5,931.
22
A YMER DE VALENCE, EARL OF PEMBROKE.
3lpmer Ue Valence, 6arl of
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 2$ JANUARY 1296-7.
SEAL,* 1301. — Burulee, with martlets "in manner of bordure assis," the shield suspended from
a trifurcated bough. On either side a martlet on a sprig of foliage.
SIGILU AD€MARI : D€ : VAL€NC€ :
EARL AYMER, nephew of Bishop Aylmer,
was son of the half-brother of Henry III.,
William first Earl of Pembroke, and either related or
connected with Earls Warren, Lancaster, Gloucester
and Hereford, all before-named.
He was summoned by special writ 7 July 1297
to serve in parts beyond the seas. The King
embarked for Flanders 22 August. He served in
the war with the Scots, and was summoned to attend
the musters at Nottingham, York, Carlisle, Berwick
and Newcastle 1297-1323. Fought at the battle of
Falkirk 22 July 1298, where four of his " vallets "
were slain. He was one of the besiegers of Caer-
laverock Castle n July 1300.
Oe Walence Aymars li vaillans
Bele baniere i fu baillans,
De argent de afur burelee,
O la bordure poralee
Tout entour de rouges merlos.
Aymer de Valence the valiant
Bore a handsome banner there
Of silver and azure barry,
Surrounded by a border
Of red martlets.
He had summons to the parliament of Lincoln,
St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1; and as D'N'S. DE
MONTINIACO he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached his seal as shown.
In October 1300 he was ordered to provide
Selkirk and Bothwell Castles and to make no truce.
Had a charter 10 August 1301 of Bothwell Castle
and barony together with all Sir Will de Moray's
lands in Scotland ; to keep the castle with thirty
men-at-arms and seventeen of his own retinue. In
* The heraldic composition of the De Valence Seals in the
British Museum is more than ordinarily interesting. Earl
Aymer's seal has above it a lyon (? of England), the dexter is
floretty of France and in the sinister are trefoyles and a fish for
his wife de Clermont-Nielle. On another seal his arms are
dimidiated with those of his wife ; on either side a trefoyle
and a lyoncel. The seal of Earl William, his fkther, 1266,
Add. Charter 20,290, is almost identical with Earl Aymer's.
A seal of Johanna, Earl Aymer's mother, Monchensy dimidiated
with Valence is attached with others to Harleian Charter 57,
B. 42.
1302 he was employed on an embassy to France, and
in the following year assisted in making peace with
Philip le Bel. He dined with the Prince of Wales
at Perth 10 and n February 1303-4.
He was Commander 14 January 1303 of the
forces at Benvick-upon-Tweed. On 5 April 1306
appointed King's "locum tenens"and Captain in York
and Northumberland and Lothian, to oppose the late
Earl of Carrick's rebellion on the East marches.
Brus having murdered the King's liege John Comyn
of Badenoch, the men of York and Northumberland
and from Lothian to Dumfries to obey Earl Aymer on
eight days' warning. He was further authorised to
receive to the King's peace the " middling " men of
Scotland who are in rebellion, saving those who were
privy to Comyn's murder and other magnates. On
8 June the King thanks him and his other good
people for their services, especially reciting the
capture of the Bishop of Glasgow and the burning of
Sir Simon Eraser's lands in Selkirk forest ; commanded
to do the same to all enemies on his march. On
the i gth he was further ordered to burn, destroy, and
strip the lands and gardens of all Sir Michael de
AYMEK DE VALENCE, EARL OF PEMBROKE.
Wyme's manors and do the same or worse if possible
to the lands and possessions of Sir Gilbert de la
11 aye.
Led the van of the army against Brus, whom he
defeated at Methven 19 June 1306, taking captive
the wife and daughter of the Scottish King ; he
crossed to Kantyre, hoping to secure Brus himself;
there he took his brother Nigel, who was sent to
Berwick and beheaded. The wife of Bruce remained
a captive until Bannockburn, when she was exchanged
for the Earl of Hereford (see page 12). On 13 July
Lochmaben Castle and garrison surrendered. On
4 October he had a grant of the Castle of Selkirk with
the forests, the manors, and demesne lands, he and
his heirs to be heritable Sheriffs of the Counties of
Peebles and Selkirk. Guardian of Scotland 13 March
1306-7 (1308 and 1314). In pursuit 23 February-
20 March of Robert Brus in Carrick, &c., with 700
men. Brus defeated him at Loudon Hill, in Ayrshire,
10 May following, and for a time besieged him in the
Cnstle. On 7 July he was at Burgh-on-the-Sands
receiving the King's dying injunctions to oppose the
return of Piers Gaveston (the boon companion of
the Prince of Wales), who, it is said, nicknamed him
Joseph the Jew because he was tall and of a pallid
countenance.
Pembroke was commanded 18 October 1307 to
repair to Scotland with all his forces for the defence
of his country and of his own possessions ; he was
present in the Council at Lanercost five days after,
when Jacobus, Senescallus Scotia?, did homage. On
6 November he escorted Malise Earl of Stratherne
from Rochester Castle to York Castle.
Attended the Coronation of Edward II. as Earl
of Pembroke, when he carried the left boot
23 February 1308. Rymer's Fcedera, ii. 36.
Ordered 16 June 1309, after taking Council at
Westminster, to meet the King at Berwick and to
march against the Scots enemy with all his forces.
He was strictly though vainly prohibited
7 February 1310 (and 28 November 1311) from
repairing to parliament at Westminster with an
armed force. The King was compelled to consent
to the appointment of the (21) " Ordainers." Pem-
broke was elected (with the Earl of Lincoln) one of
the six who co-opted the fifteen, all being sworn in
the Painted Chamber 20 March 1310, see page xlv.
On 2 August 1310 he was earnestly requested to
attend the muster at Berwick 8 September, and, though
he refused to leave London, he acknowledged and
proffered the service of five knight's fees, performed by
one knight and eight " servientes " with ten barded
horses for the muster at Tweedmouth 12 September.
In December 1311 Bothwell Castle had been
restored to him. It had been taken into the King's
hands to avoid danger from the Scots " from want
of munition."
Pembroke joined the Earl of Lancaster against
Gaveston, and in May 1312 with a large body of
armed men besieged him in Scarborough Castle, until
he surrendered on condition that his life should be
respected, and, failing an accommodation, that he
should be restored to the Castle in the same position
as he then was. Gaveston was lodged at Deddington,
near Wallingford, under guard, which in Pembroke's
absence Warwick surprised, and, having carried his
prisoner to Warwick Castle, executed him without trial
on Blacklow Hill, see page 17.
Enraged at the outrage, Pembroke joined him-
self to the party opposed to I^ancaster, and in
August he was accredited to the Pope. About this
time he received a grant of the New Temple and
other lands of the Templars in London.
On 17 January 1313 he was S[>ecially and
peremptorily enjoined to abstain from attending the
tournament of New Market. On 23 May he accom-
panied the King and Queen when they set sail for
I )over. He was lieutenant and " Custos " of Scot-
land 24 March 1314 [lending the King's arrival, had
a command at Bannockburn (24 June), and saved
himself by flight. Captain and Custos of all terri-
tories, &c., between the Trent and Berwick-upon-
Tweed (10 August). One of the three Commissioners
appointed to open the parliament at York in the King's
absence 7 September 1314. On 4 May following
certain "hobelers,"&c., were ordered to be raised
from his lordships in Ireland and elsewhere. On
21 June (1315) he was despatched a/uis et armis to
Newcastle-upon-Tyne for the defence of the Scottish
marches; and in August was appointed King's
Lieutenant and Captain of the forces between the
Trent and Roxburgh. Commanded to obey and
assist the Earl of I^ancaster against Bruce, and sta-
tioned with other " magnates " at or near the marches
for their defence against him.
Joint ambassador to the Pope December 1316 ;
taken prisoner on his way home by one Moiller, a
Burgundian, who took him into Germany as a hostage
for wages alleged to be due by the King of England.
He was ransomed on payment of twenty thousand
pounds of silver (livres tf argent).
The customs in the port of Kingston-upon-Hull,
which he held as security for a debt, being paid off
by the Bardi of Florence, his attorney is ordered by
writ 4 August 1317 to deliver up the cocket seal.
On 24 November 1317 he confederated with
Roger d'Amory and Lord Badlesmere to work to-
gether for supreme influence in the Council. A new
Council was appointed at Leek 9 August 1318.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he is informed
in June 1318 that Parliament will not meet owing to
the invasion of the Scots. One of the extraordinary
Council to be about the King — obtained his writ of
scutage 2 June 1319, and in October was at the siege
of Berwick with sixty men. On 22 December he
was one of the commissioners who concluded a two
years' truce with Bruce. "Custos" of the forests
fitra Trentam 18 May 1320.
AYMER DE VALENCE EARL OF PEMBROKE.
He was "Gustos" of the Kingdom 4 June
during the King's absence beyond the seas, and one
of the King's " Embassodors " despatched to the
marches to treat with the Scots 19 January 1320.
He was requested 21 April 1321 to co-operate in
appeasing the disturbances and also to refrain from
attending any illegal confederacies or assemblies in
the Welsh marches in opposition to the Despencers.
One of the " magnates "about to assist the King in
Ledes Castle; to muster October 1321 (seepage xlvi).
" But the tide of popular sympathy, already wavering,
was turned to the royal cause by an insult offered to
the Queen, against whom Lady Badlesmere had closed
the doors of Ledes Castle."
One of the Earls and Barons present in the
military Council held at Pontefract March 1322,
when his former friend the Earl of Lancaster and his
adherents were declared rebels, many of whom were
executed on the 22nd.
The King received a letter 30 March 1322 from
the Mayor of Newcastle- upon-Tyne with news of the
Scottish invasion, and Earl Aymer was ordered to
collect his forces at Byland Abbey (Yorkshire) by
14 October 1322 to join the Earl of Richmond and
Henry de Beaumont in acting against the Scots who
are round (North) Allerton. On this date Bruce
surprised and defeated the royal forces, the King of
England narrowly escaping capture.
This year (1322) Mons. Thomas de Sackvile,
John de Pakenham, Nichole de Cantilo, and Aleyn
de Leaumes, men-at-arms of the County of Bucks,
are all noticed as being in his retenance in Scotland.
In 1323 he was empowered to raise a detachment of
archers from the counties of Gloucester and Hereford
and the Forest of Dean ; and was also commanded
to provide pack-saddles for the army ; he accom-
panied the King in his expedition against the Scots.
He was one of the Council at Bishopsthorpe (York)
30 May for deliberating on a truce with the Scots,
which was concluded for thirteen years.
Prohibited 14 November 1323 from holding any
correspondence with Mortimer after his escape from
the Tower, and ordered to pursue and arrest him.
He died at Compiegne when on embassy 23 June
1324. Mary, his widow, founded by grant from her
cousin Edward III. the College of Maryde Valence
in Cambridge, now called Pembroke Hall.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 345 ; C.S. D. ;
Nicolas' Synopsis, ^f>yt ; Archoeologia, xxi. , pt. I, 203 ;
Parliamentary Writs, I., 873; II. div. 3, 1544; Scotland in
1298, Kalkirk, 153; Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 7;
Ur. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 14,076.
WILLIAM DE LEY BURN OF LEYBURN.
De Hepburn of Hepburn.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9, AND POSTHUMOUSLY l6 JUNE 1311.
SEAL, 1301. — Six lyoncelles. The shield suspended from a trifurcated bough. On either side
a decorative wyvern.
* S' WILL'I : D€ : L€YBVRN€.
WILLIAM DE LEYBURN, of Leyburn, in
Kent, Seneschal of Inglewood Forest
1270; son of Sir Roger, governor of Carlisle, who
espoused the cause of the Barons, turned royalist ;
served at the taking of Northampton and its castle,
was wounded at the siege of Rochester, and taken
prisoner at the battle of I^ewes, but was at Evesham
ex parte regis.
William was summoned to perform military service
in person in the first invasion against Llewelyn, Prince
of Wales, to muster at Worcester in July 1277, and
again five years after at Rhuddlan 2 August 1282
in the second Welsh invasion. Acknowledged (July
1277) the service of half a knight's fee for his father's
inheritance and one knight's fee in Eleham performed
by himself and one knight.
He was excepted from the general summons to
serve with the King's expedition into Gascony June
1294. Summoned to muster at London in July 1297,
for service in parts beyond the seas. Constable of
I'evensey Castle 1294. Captain of the fleet lying at
Portsmouth for the embarkation of forces to Gascony,
said to have served with the King in Flanders
1299-1300. "Admiral of the Sea of the King of
England" 1297.
Served in the wars with the Scots and sum-
moned to attend musters at York, Carlisle and
Berwick-upon- Tweed 1298-1303. Served at the
head of five knights and fifteen esquires in 1299.
One of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle July
1300.
Guillemes de Leybourne aufi
Vaillans horns, fanx mes et fans fi,
Baniere i ot o larges pans,
De inde, o fis blans lyouns rampans.
Also William de Leyburne,
A valiant man without but and without if,
Had there a banner with a large pennon,
Of blue, with fix white lyons rampant.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, in
St. Hilary, 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'NUS. DE
LEYBURNE he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part as
on the part of the " Communitas " of England, and
attached his seal as shown. Writ of ditm clausit
extremum tested 12 March 1309-10.
Authorities. —Parliamentary Writs, I., 704 ; C.S.D. ; Roll
of Caerlaverock, a/. Wright, 19 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of
Seals, British Museum, 11,338.
CORD V.
(00) 1benr\>, Carl of Lancaster ano Leicester.
(59) TOlliam Ic lattmcr, TLort) of Corby.
, Carl of JLaneaeter anD ^Leicester.
,
helm
.shk'! he head •<( a bu!
. •
\
»Jl iS '! H€NRIGI : D€ : LANCASTIR : DOMIN!! : D'E MONCMVTA.
Hicrwick ui
'
'•virk in the 3rd " lauill.
ic Ix-sicp
•d ID attend •. 11 July 1300.
Ke d >is redic, Thut I ni.
eftudie
'
ihe).
.
.
in their
///•.NRY, EARL OF LANCASTER AND LEICESTER.
29
l^enrp, Carl of Lancaster and 3Utce0ter.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 26 DECEMBER 1323
SEAL, 1301. — A shield couche, bearing the arms of England differenced with a baston. The
helm, with lambrequin, crested with a dragon or wyvern. On either side, and surmounting the
shield, two winged monsters — the dexter guardant having the head and horns of a bull, the
sinister a wyvern.
* [8'J H€NRICI : D€ : LANCASTIR : DOMINtl : D]E MONCMVTA.
HENRY, LORI) OF MONMOUTH, grandson
of Henry III., succeeded his brother
Thomas (see page 5) as Earl of I^ancaster. He
served in Flanders (1297-8) and during the wars
with the Scots ; was summoned to attend musters at
Carlisle, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
and York 1299-1323. Fought at the battle of Fal-
kirk in the 3rd " bataille" or King's division 22 luly
1 298, and was one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock
Castle ii July 1300.
Ke de Henri ne vous redie,
Ki touz jours toute fe eftudie
Mist a resembler son bon pert
E portoit les armes fon frere,
Au bleu baftoun sanz le label.
That I may go on to speak of Henry,
Whose whole daily study
Was to resemble his good father ;
And he bore the arms of his brother,
With a blue baton, without the label.
He was summoned to the parliament of Lincoln,
St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300, and as D'N'S. DE
MUNEMUE he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the "Communitas" of
England, and attached his seal as shown.
Commanded (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation, and also to attend at Dover 4 or 5
February to meet Queen Isabel and form part of
her suite. He and his consort were summoned
(8 February) to attend the Coronation in the train of
the King and Queen ; he walked in the procession
bearing the royal wand or sceptre surmounted by a
dove 25 February 1308.
He joined with the Barons, headed by his brother,
in their opposition to the King, and obtained a
pardon 16 October 1313 as an adherent of the Earl
of Lancaster for his participation in the death ot
Gaveston.
In 1315-16 he joined the marcher lords in
3°
HENRY, EARL OF LANCASTER AND LEICESTER.
suppressing the rebellion of Llewelyn Bren, and
three years later was commanded to muster his Welsh
retainers at Newcastle to serve against the Scots.
As one of the " Majores Barones " in 1318 he-
was informed that the summons to Parliament was
revoked in consequence of the invasion of the Scots.
He obtained his writ of scutage 28 November 1319
for service performed 4 Edward II., and again
2 June 1323 for services performed 28, 31 and 34
Edward I. He was commanded 23 May 1323 to
raise as many men-at-arms as he can over and above
his contingent due by tenure, for service against the
Scots, and (18 April) to provide pack-saddles for the
army.
He was prohibited (14 November 1323) from
holding any correspondence with Mortimer after his
escape from the Tower, and ordered to pursue and
arrest him.
On 29 March 1324 he obtained a special livery
of the earldom and honour of Leicester (the Castle
of Kenilworth excepted), &c., &c., and consequent
thereon the King and Council adjudged that he
should enjoy the name, rank and honour of " Earl
of Leicester." Was commanded 4 August to hold
himself in readiness for the defence of the Duchy of
Aquitaine, &c., and 2 August 1325 to attend the
muster at Portsmouth for personal service in Gascony,
but exonerated, having sent his service in Scotland.
Appointed 28 February 1326 one of the justices
for the trial of those who slew Roger Bele.
He was one of the leaders in that confederacy
which overturned the Despencers, joined Queen
Isabella, and deposed Edward II. By letters patent
dated at Strogoill (Chepstow) 20 October 1326 Hugo
le Despencer and others were empowered to seize
Grosmound, Kynfrith and White Castle, and other
his castles, manors, lands and tenements in Wales
or the marches. He was one of the Council of
Bristol (26 October) and joined in the election of
Edward III., then Duke of Aquitaine, as Regent
and " Gustos " of the kingdom ; sat in judgment
(27 October) on and condemned the elder Despencer.
He eventually took the King and the younger
Despencer — the former was in his custody as keeper
of Kenilworth Castle until 5 April. He was at
Monmouth in the following month, when the Bishop
of Hereford delivered the message to the King
requesting him to give up trie Great Seal.
Upon the accession of Edward III., Earl Henry
girded the King, January 1326-7, with the sword of
knighthood, and on his Coronation he was appointed
Edward's guardian i February. On the reversal of
the attainder of Earl Thomas, 7 March of the same
year, he became Earl of Lancaster and of Leicester,
and High Steward of England, substituting the
label instead of the baston for difference, Ashmole
Roll ISA. He joined a confederacy against
Mortimer, but was obliged to submit 1329 ; pardoned
12 December 1330. In the same year he was sent
on an embassy to France ; became blind and died
22 September 1345. Founded the hospitium at
Leicester, to which his son added a college with
dean and canons called (collegium novi operis)
Newark.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 693 ; II. div. 3,
1065; C.S.D. ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 143; Roll
of Caerlaverock, at. Wright, 20 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of
Seals in British Museum, 11,211.
WILLIAM LE LATIMER OF CORBY
3'
ffftilliatn le 2Lattmer of Corbp*
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 22 JANUARV 1304-5.
SEAL, 1301. — A cross patonce, the shield between two decorative wyverns and suspended from
a trifurcated bough.
% S' WILL6LMI . L€ . LATIM€R.
WILLIAM LATIMER, of Corby, in Northamp-
tonshire, circa 1257, and of Dan by, in York-
shire, circa 1298, son and heir of William le Latitner,
of Billinges, in Yorkshire ; escheator north of Trent
1259, sheriff of Yorkshire, governor of the castles of
York and Scarborough. Stood by Henry III. in his
contests with the Barons. Took the Cross and went
on crusade under Prince Edward 1270.
Latimer was summoned to perform military
service in person in the first invasion against
Lewelin, Prince of Wales, to muster at Worcester
July 1277, and again in the second invasion, at
Rhuddlan August 1282, when, defeated at the Menai
Straits 6 November following, he escaped " by riding
through the midst of the waves." He is also said to
have served in Aquitaine 1286-9 an(i I292 under the
famous St. John (see page 52), and to have been in
command at Rione in 1295. He was excepted from
the general summons to serve in Gascony 14 June
1 294, but generally summoned to muster at London
7 July 1297 et/ttis et ctrmis for service in parts beyond
the seas, in November and December following to
muster at Sandwich for service in Flanders, and
again at London the next month. The King had
embarked 22 August.
Appointed King's lieutenant and " Capitaneus "in
the counties of Nottingham and Derby, York and
Northumberland, 25 Novemlier 1298.
He served in the wars with the Scots, and had
summons to attend musters at Norham (1291),
Carlisle, York and Berwick-upon -Tweed 1298-1303.
He fought at the battle of Stirling 12 September
1297, and at Falkirk (with his sont and namesake)
22 July 1298 ; remained in Scotland to superintend
the fortifying of castles. As "Custos" of Berwick
he raided Galloway. A " valiant " veteran, he took
part in the siege of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
Prouesce ke avoit fait ami
De Guilleme le Latimier,
Ki la crois patee de or mier
Portoit, en rouge bien pourtraitu,
Sa baniere ot cele part traite.
Prowess, who had made her friend
Of William le I^atimer,
Who a gold cross patee
Bore, well pictured on red,
Carried his banner into that squadron.
Though not summoned (t) to the parliament of
Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, he joined
as D'N'S. DE CORKY in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part as
on the part of the " Communitas " of England, and
attached his seal as shown. As " Custos " of Rox-
burgh Castle he was ordered to remain in Scotland
in the King's service, writ tested at " La Sele "
ii Sept. 1302, notwithstanding his summons to the
(If) William le Latimer, junior, was summoned.
parliament at Michaelmas. He died 5 December
1304. Writ of diem clausit extremum tested at
West Rasene 20 December, 33 Edward I., 1304.
f Sir William de I.atymer le fitz ; port de gulez ov ung
crois patee dor ov le laml>el dargent.
Authorities.— Report on Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report,
350; Parliamentary Writs, I., 699; Scotland in 1298, Kalkirk,
145 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 19 ;
Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 11,254.
Dr. Birch's
EDMUND DE HASTINGS. See page 35.
CORD VI.
(74) 3obn t>e Ibastinos, TLort> of
(73) e&muno &c Ibasnnos, Uoi^ of £nchimchohnoh.
(75) ^nui^ ^e fl>ortimcr, lorfc of watoniorc.
(7«) jfulhc f itj-Warmc, lo^ of Mbittinoton.
OmunU
>MVNOI 0€
flNG : Of COMITATV : M€N€T€I.
dc ;
i
Edmund
'
A ki i
Adopt
rliament '
y i 300- i .
'
n.
1314
••if th
EDMUND DE HASTINGS.
35
tie
SUMMONEt) TO PARLIAMENT AS A 11ARON 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 26 JULY 1313.
SEAL, 1301.— Barry wavy for Drummond -the shield set between two sprigs, decorated or
crested with a wingless wyvern, facing the sinister. See also pages xxx and 32.
[* S' EDMVNDI : D€ : HASTING : D€ : COMITATV : M€N€T€IJ
BARON EDMUND, brother of "Competitor"
John, was a younger son of Sir Henry
de Hastings of Ashill, in Norfolk. In 1293 he
married (according to G.E.C.) Isabella, widow of
William Comyn of Badenoch, daughter and heir
of Isabella, Countess of Menteith, by her husband,
[another] William Comyn. Edward I. granted him,
about 1296, the lands of Inchmahome, in Perthshire,
the chief barony in the Earldom of Menteith. These
lands and also the arms (harry wavy (6) argent and
azure) belonged to Sir John Drummond, a prisoner
in England, see Sir John's effigy, SOME FEUDAL
COATS OF ARMS.
Edmund appears on the Ragman Roll as doing
homage to Edward I. at Berwick-upon-Tweed
28 August 1296, at the same time as the King of Scot-
land, the clergy, nobles, and the community of
Scotland.
On 17 August 1297 the Constable of Wisbeach
Castle was instructed to release John de Dromman
of Scotland, as Hastings had become surety that
this John would serve the King in France.
Edmund served in the wars with the Scots, and
was summoned to attend musters at Carlisle, York,
Berwick-upon-Tweed, and Newcastle - upon - Tyne
1299-1310. He fought at the battle of Falkirk
22 July 1298, and, with his brother John, was among
the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle, n July 1300.
E baniere de oevre pareile,
De or fin o la manche vermeille.
Eymons, fes freres li vaillans,
Le label noir i fu cuellans.
A ki pas ne devoit faillir
Honnours, dont fe penoit cuellir.
And a banner of similar work,
Of fine gold with a red maunch.
Kdmond, his worthy brother,
Adopted there the black label.
Whom could not fail
Honours, which he took pains to acquire.
He was summoned to the parliament of Lincoln,
St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S.
DE ENCHIMEHOI.MOK he joined in the letter addressed
to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on
their part as on the part of the " Communitas " of
England, and attached his seal as shown.
Warden of Berwick 12 February 1301-2, with ten
men-at-arms and 180 foot soldiers, of whom forty were
to be cross-bowmen, some carpenters and others masons.
He was thanked 20 May 1308 for his fidelity in the
Scottish wars and requested (as on 1 1 September
1302) to continue stationed in the garrison in which
he then was. Joint-Warden between Forth and Orkney
with Sir John Fitzmarmaduke and Sir Alex, de Aber-
nethy, Warden of the garrison of Perth and Con-
stable of Dundee Castle in 1309. Earnestly requested
(2 August) to attend the muster at Berwick 8 Sep-
tember 1310. Warden (and sheriff) of Berwick May
to July 1312, his charger " dextrarium," and at
Dundee in July "dextrarium badium." Ordered
28 April 1313 to deliver Isabella, widow of John,
Earl of Buchan, to Sir Henry de Beaumont. "She,
who had been a prisoner at Berwick since the late
King's time," 7 November 1306, placed the crown on
the head of Robert Brus at Scone on the preceding
27 March. Hastings died in the year of Bannock-
burn, 1314.
One Edmund de Hastings, miles, performed
military service against the Scots due from John de
Gray. Muster at Tweedmouth 10 September 1310.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 658 ; II. <liv. 3,
981 ; C.S.I). ; Arcruenlogia, xxi., pi. 1,217; Scotland in 1298,
Falkirk, 137; Roll of Caerlaverock, <•./. Wright, 23; Dr.
Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 10,531.
JOHN DE HASTINGS, LORD OF BERCA VENNY.
JOHN DE HASTINGS See also fage xxx.
JOHN 1)E HASTINGS, LORD OF BERGAVENNY.
37
Ue $asting0, lord of Bergatoennp.
SUMMONED TO PAKLIA.MKNT 23 JUNE 1295 TO 8 JANUARY 1312-13.
SEAL, 1301. — Four fleurs-de-lys between the cross of St. George powdered with like lilies of
France. The shield between three sprigs.
N : TOM€ : ICH : MAY : N . . . N . . . : IF : GOD : N'AM€ND€ : M . . . .
OR
& ALMYN : TYM€ : ICHMA GOD : NAM€ND€ : Ml : COLY
so read by Lancaster Herald in 1611, see page xxx. MI : COLY i.e. MOI CELUI.
COUNTER SEAL. — If reversed will blason itself allusively as — Quarterly, in the first and fourth,
the lyon of Scotland, in the second and third a lyon of England. Over all the cross of St. George
powdered with the fleurs-de-lys of France. On either side of the shield a decorative wyvcrn. See
next page.
. . . H€ : OF : ROD€S : I€T : . ICH : Hl€ . . € . . GODS€ND6 . . . €T
Referring to this legend of the Counter Seal, Lancaster Herald added in 1611 — " Non
potcst legi."
THIS seal with its counter seal and legends will
probably continue to invite solution. It may
have been composed as a useful accessory to the
Barons' letter and to serve as a reminder that John
had been and might again become a " competitor " for
the Scottish Crown.
Unfortunately for the legends, which are in
middle English, the seal, in addition to being much
damaged, is the result of two or more imperfect
impressions ; thus the difficulty of deciphering or
divining the blurred characters becomes almost an
impossibility.
This marcher lord succeeded to the Barony of
Bergavenny in 1273 on the death of his uncle, George
de Cantelupe. His father, Sir Henry de Hastings, of
Ashill, in Norfolk, sided with De Montfort, and
was summoned to Simon's parliament 24 December
1264 and died in 1268.
In November 1287 and November 1288 he was
enjoined to reside on his lordships and demesnes
until the rebellion of Resus Jilius Mereduci (Rhys
ap Maredudd, i.e. Meredyth) was put down. Served
under the regent Edmund, Earl of Cornwall.
Surety 15 May 1290 for William de Douglas, a
prisoner in Leeds Castle. Hastings was Seneschal
of Aquitaine and an unsuccessful " competitor " for
the Scottish Crown, through his grandmother, Ada,
third daughter of David, Earl of Huntingdon. Balliol
claimed from David's eldest daughter and Bruce from
the second. The competitors agreed at Norham, on
Tuesday next after Ascension day (5 June) 1 291, to re-
ceive the judgment of Edward, as lord paramount. He
then sealed with a maunch, having the legend " S' Johis
de Hastinges," Fcedera i., 755, ex. orig. in Thesaur.
Cur. Recept. Scacc.
He served in the Scots wars in 1285, and was
summoned to attend musters at Carlisle, York, New-
castle-upon-Tyne and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1299-
1310. Served in Ireland 1294, and was summoned
to the muster 'at Portsmouth i September 1 294 for
service in person in Gascony, and also for service
beyond seas July 1297. The King embarked for
Flanders 22 August. Commanded the Bishop of
Durham's forces at the siege of Caerlaverock Castle
ii July 1300, "for he was the most intimate, best
beloved he had there."
Escu avoit fort e legier,
E baniere de oevre pareile,
De or fin o la manche vermeille.
He was summoned to the parliament of Lincoln,
St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as DWs. DE
BERGEVKNY he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope ( 1 2 February) by the Barons, as well as on their
part as on the part of the " Commtinitas " of England.
He had a strong and light shield,
And a banner of similar work,
Of fine gold with a red maunch.
He was King's lieutenant in Aquitaine 1302, and
Seneschal 1309. On 22 May 1306 he had a grant of
the Earldom of Menteith with the Isles and all
other forfeited lands of Alan, lately Earl of Menetethe,
a rebel with Robert de Brus, excepting the lands in
JOHN DE HASTINGS, LORD OF HERGAVENNY.
the said Earldom granted by charter to his brother
Edmund.
His name occurs among the Knights present in
the Council at Lanercost 23 October 1306, on the
performance of homage by "Jacobus Senescallus
Scotias." Was on town guard at Ayr in July 1307,
and 30 September following he was commanded to
assist the Earl of Richmond in expelling the Scottish
rebels from Galloway, and within a fortnight to
repair to Scotland with all his forces for the defence
of the country and of his own possessions there and
to put down Robert de Brus.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308.
In 1310 his son and heir John proffered the
service of one serjeanty with one bow and string,
performed by one " serviens," who is to follow the
King at his pleasure during the space of forty days ;
muster at Tweedmouth 19 September 1310.
He was on the King's service in Gascony 1311,
and for this service (equal to that of five knight's
fees) his son John obtained his writ of scutagu
August 1319.
He died 28 February 1312-13 ; was buried in the
Hastings Chapel, in the Church of the Friars Minor
at Coventry, and his widow was remarried to Ralph
de Monthermer (see page 9).
Authorities.-^ Report on Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 343 ;
Nicolas' Synopsis, 7&3» ; Archse&logia, xxi., pt. I, 205;
1'arliamentary Writs, I., 658; II. div. 3, 981; C.S.D. ;
Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 23 ; Cotton MS., Julius C.
VII., fol. 226.
See also ff. xxx ami 76.
ED. ^fUNI) l)K MORTIMER.
-•.'*-. -.*
v^ „,,„,-»,.
De fl@ortimer*
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 1295 TO 2 JUNE 1302.
SEAL, 1301. -Three bars and a false escocheon, on a chief a pale between two esquires ; the
shield suspended from a trifurcated bough, decorated on either side with a wingless wyvern.
S' €DMVNDI • D€ • MORTVO MARI.
EDMUND, son of Roger Mortimer, the famous
marcher lord, served in the Welsh wars.
Was summoned to attend the muster at Montgomery
May 1 283, and to attend the parliament at Shrews-
bury, 30 September following, for the trial of David,
brother of Lewelin ; the writ (28 June) recites the
misdeeds, trespasses and death of Lewelin.
Ordered 23 July 1287 to place himself, together
with his horse and foot soldiers, under the command
of Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester and Hertford,
and on 1 4 November following and again on 30 Novem-
ber 1288 he was enjoined to reside on his lordships
and demesnes until the rebellion of Resus fiF
Mereduci (Rhys ab Maredudd, i.e. Meredyth) should
be put down. Appointed 5 December " Gustos " of
Stretdeuwy and Cardiganshire.
He was summoned 8 June 1294, with sixty other
" magnates," to attend the King upon urgent affairs,
and excepted (i4th) from the general summons to
serve with the King's expedition into Gascony.
Ordered (i3th) to raise 200 men from his lordships
in the marches of Wales. Summoned three years later
to serve in parts beyond the seas 7 July (1297), and
to appear 8 September following equis et armis at a
military Council at Rochester before Edward, the
King's son and lieutenant in England. The King
had embarked for Flanders 22 August.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and was sum-
moned to musters at Norham 1291, Newcastle-
upon-Tyne, Carlisle, York, and Berwick upon-T weed
1298-1303. Ordered 8 April 1298 to raise 600 men
from his land of Kery, Kedewy and Arewostly to be
led to the King at Carlisle.
Mortimer was summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as
D'x's. DE WIGEMOR' he joined in the letter addressed
to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on
their part as on the part of the " Communitas " of
England, and attached his seal as shown.
Mortally wounded at the battle of Builth, in
Wales, before 25 July 1304. Died at Wigmore Castle ;
buried in the Abbey there. Writ of diem clausit
extremum tested at Stirling 25 July 32 Edward I.
Inquisition (Southants) 18 August following (see the
seal of his brother Roger, Ix>rd of Chirke, page 88).
.ln/horities. — Parliamentary Wrils, I., 748; Dr. Kirch's
Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 11,955.
4o
FlfLffE, LORD F1TZWARINE.
jfulfte, SLorfc 5Fit32SJarine,
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 1295 TO 24 OCTOBER 1314.
SEAL, 1301.— Quarterly per fess indented. On either side of the shield a decorative wyvern.
% S' • FVLCONIS • FILM • [WARINI].
FULKE FITZWARINE, of Whittington and
Alberbury, Salop, son of a famous marcher
lord of the same names. Served in the Welsh
invasions, and was summoned to attend the muster at
Worcester July 1277 for service in person in the first
expedition against Lewelin, Prince of Wales, when
he acknowledged the service of one knight's fee
performed by himself and one "serviens." Summoned
five years later to serve in the second Welsh invasion,
to muster at Rhuddlan August 1282, and again at
Montgomery Easter 1283. Ordered 30 October to
place himself under Roger Extraneus (Le Strange).
Summoned to the parliament at Shrewsbury a month
before, for the trial of David, brother of Lewelin ; the
writ (28 June) recites the misdeeds, trespasses, and
death of Lewelin.
Ordered 25 June 1287 to place himself under
Roger Le Strange, who was in command of the
expedition against Resus fiF Mereduci (Rhys ab
Maredudd, i.e. ap Meredyth). In the following month
he was summoned to appear equis et armis at a military
council to be held at Gloucester before Edmund,
Earl of Cornwall ; on 6 December he was ordered to
obey the commands of Petrus Corbet, Gustos of
Lampader. Enjoined 14 November (1287) and
again 30 November 1288 to reside on his demesnes
and lordships until the rebellion of Resus should be
put down.
He was excepted 14 June 1294 from the general
summons to serve with the King's expedition into
Gascony, and ordered in November following to join
the forces under Richard, Earl of Arundel, for the
relief of Bere Castle, in Wales, threatened by Madog
ab Morgan, then in revolt.
Summoned by special writ to muster at London
July 1297 for service in person beyond the seas,
and at Sandwich in November for service in Flanders.
Summoned to a council or parliament held at London
30 September 1297 before Edward, the King's son
and lieutenant in England ; his horses and arms
to be in London. The King had embarked for
Flanders 22 August.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and sum-
moned to attend musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
York, Carlisle and Berwick-upon-Tweed December
1297-July 1318. He was summoned to the parlia-
ment of Lincoln, 'St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1,
and as D'N'S. DE WHITINGTON he joined in the letter
addressed to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons,
as well on their part as on the part of the "Com-
munitas " of England, and attached his seal as
shown.
Styled Knight of the Bath in 1306 when attending
Prince Edward on his expedition to Scotland against
Robert Bruce. Commanded (18 January) to attend
the King's Coronation 25 February 1308. He was
earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the muster
at Berwick 8 September 1310, and July following to
proceed against the Scots with as many followers as
he could raise. Pardoned, 16 October 1313, as an
adherent of the Earl of Lancaster for his participation
in the death of Gaveston ; died 8 Edward II.
See Parliamentary Writs I., 614 ; II. div. 3, 878.
. CORD VII.
(i) Tbenr? DC ipcrcp, XorD of Copdiff.
(•2) SbcobalD DC DerDon, ILorD of TKHeoblc£.
of i
nl and l'1
I I !
1 1 • I'"". :
ftenrp DC ftttf*
SIGILLVM • H€[NR1IC:I D€ P€RCI.
!d the (blui
;itid
•k. and |
HENRY DE PERCY.
43
ftenrp &e
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 5 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 29 JULY 1314.
SEAL, 1301. — Baron Henry, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk
of mail, surcoat, conical helmet with vizor down, thereon fan plume with lambrequin. On his
shield and the caparisons of his charger is the lyon of Brabant.
SIGILLVM • H€[NR1IC[I D]€ P€RCI.
COUNTER SEAL. — On a shield the (blue) lyon of Brabant, within Gothic ornamentation,
encircled by a similar legend.
HENRY I)E PERCY, of Leconfield, and Top-
cliff, in Yorkshire, and of Petworth, in
Sussex, was 3rd son of Henry de Percy, 7th or 8th
feudal lord, by Eleanor, sister of John de Warenne,
Earl of Surrey (see page 3).
Summoned to appear equis et armis at a military
council at Gloucester before Edmund, Earl of Corn-
wall, July 1287, and also to perform military service
in person in Gascony September 1294, in parts be-
yond the seas July 1297, and November following in
Flanders ; the King had embarked 22 August.
Served in the Scottish wars, and summoned to
attend musters at Carlisle, York, Berwick-upon-
Tweed, and Newcastle - upon - Tyne 1295 1314,
knighted before Berwick in March 1295-6, fought at
the battle of Dunbar 27 April 1296. Warden of
E ot en fon affemblement
Henri de Percy, fon nevou,
De ky fembloit ke euft fait vou
De aler les Efcos derompant ;
Jaune o un bleu lyon rampant
Fu fa baner bien vuable.
Galloway and of the Castles of Ayr, Wigton, Crug-
gleton and Hotel 8 September 1296. In 1297 he
and Robert de Clifford (page 93) invaded Annandale,
advancing to Ayr, and in June were ordered to arrest,
imprison and " justify " all disturbers of the peace in
Scotland, or their resellers. At Irvine on 7 July
they received ' to the King's peace the Bishop of
Glasgow, Brus, Earl of Carrick, and James the
Seneschal, as a result of the "chavanche." His
forces were compelled lo retire when " William
Waleys " in October invested Carlisle and burnt the
country for 30 leagues round. On 19 December he
drew ^769. 35. 4,d the pay for 50 barded horses,
for their march to Scotland. He fought at the battle
of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and was one of the besiegers
of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July 1 300.
And he* had in his company
Henry de Percy, his nephew,
Who seemed to have made a vow
To rout the Scots :
A blue lyon rampant on yellow
Was his banner very conspicuous.
1 John, the good Earl \Varenne.
44
HENRY DE PERCY.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1. As D'N'S. DE TOPCLIVE he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the "Communitas" of England, and attached
his seal as shown.
The King granted him 20 February 1298-9 all
lands in England and Scotland which formerly be-
longed to Ingelram de Balliol, deceased, and now
devolving by hereditary right on Ingelram de Um-
fraville, the King's enemy and rebel. In 1304 he
also had a grant of all the Earl of Buchan's lands with
the right of presentation to all church livings.
The men of Cumberland and Westmoreland
under his command made a " raid " into Scotland,
tested at La Rose (Carlisle) 20 September 1300.
Enjoined 20 January 1302-3 to place himself equis et
armis and all his forces under the command of John
de Segrave, the King's lieutenant in Scotland. 1 )ined
with the Prince of Wales at Perth 4, 10 and n Feb-
ruary 1303-4. Served at the siege of Stirling in July
following. In April 1306 he was the King's "locum
tenens " and " capitaneus " in Cumberland and Gal-
loway, &c. ; the Knights and " Liberi tenentes " of
Westmoreland were ordered to perform service under
him, to put down the rebellion of the Earl of Carrick,
who had murdered the King's liege John Comyn of
Badenagh ; was present at the defeat of Brus at Dairy
1 1 August, but was besieged by him at Turnbury
Castle, in Carrick. In October 1307 he was com-
manded to repair to Scotland with all his forces for
the defence of the country as well as of his own
possessions.
Commanded (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308. In 1309 he purchased
Alnwick Castle and the barony from Anthony Beck,
Bishop of Durham.
One of the fifteen " lords Ordainers," elected by
the original six, all of whom were sworn together in
the Painted Chamber 20 March 1310 ; they appointed
him justice of the forests beyond Trent and warden
of Scarborough Castle. Earnestly requested
(2 August) to attend the muster at Berwick-upon-
Tweed 8 September. Constituted King's nuncio
or ambassador to the General Council in 1311.
Ordered in May to be at Perth with 200 English-
men at arms to oppose Robert de Brus. Refused
to give up Scarborough Castle to William le Latimer
(see page 31), to whom the custody had been
granted by the King. He absconded and left his
retainers in possession ; they refused to allow the
Mareschal of the Household to enter, and continued
to hold it against the King in person. Percy
surrendered, was imprisoned, pardoned, and had
his lands returned March 1312.
In April 1312 the King conferred the justiceship
of the forests on Piers Gaveston. Percy then joined
the Earl of Lancaster and the confederacy in their
opposition to the favourite, assembled a large body
of armed men, entered Newcastle-upon-Tyne 4 May
1312, and marched south to join the Earls of Warren
and Pembroke in the siege of Scarborough Castle.
Had letters of safe conduct 8 October 1312 until
ii November 1313. Pardoned 16 October, as an
adherent of the Earl of Lancaster for his participation
in the death of Gaveston. Fought at Bannock burn
1314, died the following year, buried in Fountains
Abbey.
Alienora his widow, holding the wardship or cus-
tody of his lands beyond the Trent, was empowered
1 6 December 1318 to raise and arm all her men and
tenants.
Authorilits. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 763;; : Parliamentary
Writs, I. ,776; II. div. 3, 1275;C.S.D.; Archrcologia, xxi.,pt. I,
223; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 153; Roll of Caerlaverock,
ed. Wright, 6 ; Dr. Birch s Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 6,294.
THEOBALD DE VERDON.
45
CfteobalD De
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 24 JUNE 1295 TO 3 NOVEMBER 1306.
SEAL, 1301.— Baron Theobald, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk
of mail, helm with vizor down. His shield and the caparison of his horse, fretty.
% SIGILLVM TH6OBALDI D€ V6RDVN.
COUNTER SEAL. —A shield, fretty ; suspended from a trifurcated bough ; and on either side
a decorative lyon,* and two sprigs issuant.
* CONSTABVLARII : HYB€RNI€.
THEOBALD DE VERDON (son of John de
Verdou, othenvise le Botiller, of Alton, County
Staffs., slain in Ireland 1278) was grandson of
that Theobald le Boteler who assumed the sur-
name of his wife, Rohese de Verdon.
In the parliament at Westminster ig May 1275 he
agreed to the customs payable on wool, wool fells and
hides shipped from the ports of his liberties in Ireland.
He served in the wars of Wales and Scotland,
musters at Newcastle-on-Tyne, York, Carlisle and
Berwick-upon-Tweed 1297-1309. He was sum-
moned to perform military service in person in the
first expedition against Lewelin, Prince of Wales, and
to attend the muster before the Constable and Earl
Marshal at Worcester in July 1277 (and again in the
second Welsh invasion 17 May 1282). He proffered
the service of one knight's fee due for the inheritance
of his father, and two knight's fees and a half for the
* See also the Seals of Guy Earl of Warwick, p. 16 ; de
Mauley, p. 126 ; Mortimer, p. 88 ; ami de Mohun, p. 131.
purparty of the inheritance of Walter de Lascy,
performed by seven " servientes." At the Rhuddlan
muster in August 1282 his service was performed by
himself and two knights and one " serviens." Sum-
moned to attend the muster at Montgomery May
1283, and the parliament at Shrewsbury September
following, for the trial of David, brother of Lewelin ;
the writ (28 June) recites the misdeeds, trespasses and
death of Lewelyn. Ordered 23 July 1287 to raise
all the foot soldiers fit for service in his lordship of
Ewyas Lacy to march against Resus filius Mereduci
( Rhys ap Maredudd, i.e. Meredytb).
Sat in the parliament of 18 Ed. I. (1289-90).
" For divers transgressions and disorders " he was
adjudged guilty of high treason in 1291, but com-
pounded for a fine of 500 marks. Summoned
1 8 June 1294, with about sixty other " magnates,1'
to attend the King upon urgent affairs, but excepted
(i4th) from the general summons to serve with the
King's expedition into Gascony.
THEOBALD DE VERDON.
One of the " Fideles " of Ireland summoned to
appear at \Vhitehaven i March 1296 to perform
military service in parts beyond the seas (1296, 1297,
1300-1302), and allowed to send his youngest son
Theobald in his stead.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, he joined
as D'x's. DF. WEBBELE in the letter addressed to the
Pope ( 1 2 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached his seal as shown. Sent in 1 303 the
service in Scotland of three and a half knight's fees.
He died at his castle of Alton 24 August 1309, buried
in Croxden Abbey. The writ of diem claiisit extre-
mitm tested at Westminster 28 August, 3 Ed. II.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 76411 ; Tarliameiitary
Writs, I., 883; II. cliv. 3, 1554; Archoeologia, xxi.,
pt. I, 210; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum,
6,495-
CORD VIII.
(4) -Robert jfits Matter, 7LorO of Mooobam.
(3) 3obn oc Suoclcy, Uor^ of Sule^e.
(6) 3obu St. 3obn, Xoio of toalnahcr.
fceberr jftt5 OUalter,
'10 OCTOBL,
SEAL, , . fess be. h}eM ^^ twQ d ^ ^
Upended by the gu.ge from a trifurcated bough ; all encircled by a scroll. See also Harleia
Charters 50 C 8 and D.C.G 234 in the British Museum
ROBERT I TKK, of \Voodham Walter
and r, both in Essex (grandson of that
it Fit/.wai; ofthe Barons wh.:
J°hn t( '4»a Charta). Knighted in
[I:ui li a! innate
• to the Ardibishiv
H :ind his heirs those privileges which
•d the possessor, banner bearer of the city.
One of the "magnates" present in the council
nster 12 November i .- |U(J8.
•>f \VaK.s.
Bight's fees in
rfolk and Suffolk, performed by
'f andtw.' immoned to serve
Llewelyn.
suinnioned to a'
.'id al Kh
of three knight's fees for his own inheritance and one
knight'8 fee for the inheritance of his wife, per-
formed by himself cum dectxtt cemitic*.
••osent when Alexander King of Scots
the King in parliament at Westnir
!x-r 1278.
1 from th. general summons to -
with ' "i into Cascony 14 June >
Ordered i 2 November following to endeavour to
.-tie, threatened by Madogab Morgan,
then in revolt. Said to have been in the >
Edmund, Karl of I^ancaster, in the wars 01
d. I.
ed in the Scottish wars, and was summon^
: musters at N
Olui R
•
•<{ttes il de-
er jaune avoit
•arlia-
00-1.
the letter
.- Karo
mmuii
' the
:id Ulij
1 the
ROBERT 1'ITZ WALTER.
49
^
Robert jFtt3 (KHalter.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 1295 TO IO OCTOBER 1325.
SEAL, 1301. — A fess between two chevrons, the shield, between two decorative wyverns, and
suspended by the guige from a trifurcated bough ; all encircled by a scroll. See also Harleian
Charters 50 C 8 and D.C.G. 234 in the British Museum.
ROBERT FITZWALTER, of Woodham Walter
and Dunmow, both in Essex (grandson of that
Robert Fitzwalter, leader of the Barons who compelled
King John to sign Magna Charta). Knighted in
1274. Had licence in 1275 to alienate Baynard's
Castle to the Archbishop of Canterbury ; he reserved
to himself and his heirs those privileges which
constituted the possessor, banner bearer of the city.
One of the "magnates" present in the council
held at Westminster 12 November 12/6 when judg-
ment was given against Llewelyn, Prince of Wales.
Acknowledged the service of three knight's fees in
counties Essex, Norfolk and Suffolk, performed by
himself and two knights, when summoned to serve
in person in the first expedition against Llewelyn,
at the muster of Worcester July 1277. Served also in
the second Welsh invasion ; summoned to attend
the muster at Worcester in May and at Rhuddlan in
August 1282, when he again acknowledged the service
of three knight's fees for his own inheritance and one
knight's fee for the inheritance of his wife, per-
formed by himself cum decenti comitiva.
He was present when Alexander King of Scots
did homage to the King in parliament at Westminster
29 September 1278.
Excepted from the general summons to serve
with the King's expedition into Gascony 14 June 1294.
Ordered 12 November following to endeavour to
relieve Bere Castle, threatened by Madog ab Morgan,
then in revolt. Said to have been in the retinue of
Edmund, Earl of I^ancaster, in the wars of Gascony,
22 Ed. I.
Served in the Scottish wars, and was summoned
to attend musters at York, Carlisle, Berwick-upon •
Tweed and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1299-1322. Fought
at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and was
one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle n July
1300.
O lui Robert le fiz Water
Ke ben fout dez armes le mefter,
Se en fefoit kanques il devoit,
En la baner jaune avoit
Feffe entre deus cheverons vermaus.
Summoned to a parliament or council held at the
New Temple, London, October 1 299, and to the parlia-
ment of Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1.
As D'N'S. DE WODEHAM he joined in the letter
addressed to the Pope ( 1 2 February) by the Barons, as
well on their part as on the part of the " Communitas "
of England, and attached his seal as here shown.
Commanded (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
With him» Robert Fitz-Walter,
Who well knew the business of arms,
And practised it whenever required.
On a yellow banner he had
A fess between two red chevrons.
* Henry, the good Earl of Lincoln.
muster at Berwick 8 September 1310; proffered the
service in Scotland of four knight's fees, performed
by one knight with five others, with eight barded
horses, for the muster at Tweedmouth four days
after. The battle of Bannockburn was fought
24 June 1314. In June 1315 the Scots had invaded
Durham and unsuccessfully besieged Carlisle 22 July
to i August ; he was requested 30 August to continue
stationed in the northern parts during the winter
campaign.
ROBERT FITZ WALTER.
Appointed 22 November 1317 a Justice for Essex
to suppress illegal meetings. As one of the " Majores
Barones " he is informed that the summons for the
meeting of parliament is revoked by reason of the
invasion of the Scots June 1318. Obtains his writ of
scutage 20 July 1319 in consideration of service sent
by him as above, 12 September 1310. Requested
21 April 1321 to co-operate in appeasing the distur-
bances on the Welsh marches, and also to refrain from
attending any illegal confederacies or assemblies.
Ordered 12 November following to abstain from attend-
ing the meeting of the " Good Peers " illegally convened
by the Earl of Lancaster to be held at Doncaster.
Enjoined 6 February 1322 to raise as many men-
at-arms and foot soldiers as he can and (i4th) to
appear with his forces at Coventry to march against
the rebels or adherents of the Earl of Lancaster.
The battle of Boroughbridge was fought 17 March.
A Banneret in 1322, and the following year com-
manded to raise as many men-at-arms as he can over
and above his contingent due by tenure for service
against the Scots ; and (18 April) to provide pack-
saddles for the army, to be ready in the event of the
wagon train being discarded.
Summoned to the Great Council at Westminster
May 1324, and in the following August commanded
to hold himself in readiness for the defence of the
Duchy of Aquitaine ; ordered to perform military
service in Gascony, and to attend the muster at Forts-
mouth 17 March 1325, prorogued to 17 May, and
again to 2 August, and finally discharged from
attending, on 10 July.
The writ of diem clausit extremum tested at
Norwich 22 January 1325 (19 Ed. II.).
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 345 ; Par-
liamentary Writs, I., 613; II. div. 3, 876; Scotland in
1298, Kalkirk, 131 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 2 ;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 9,774.
JOHN DE SUDELEY.
De
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMHER 1299 TO 1$ MAY IJ2I.
SEAL, 1301. — Diaprc, two bends. All within a pointed Gothic quatrefoyle panel.
K S' IOHANNIS D€ SVLEYC.
See also Additional Charters 21,424, 21,426, 21,427 British Museum.
JOHN DE SUDELEY, of Sudeley, County
Gloucester (son and heir of Sir Bartholomew
and brother of Sir William), served in the
second invasion into Wales. Summoned to perform
military service in person (two knight's fees), and to
attend the muster at Worcester 17 May 1282, at
Rhuddlan August following, and at Montgomery
May 1283. Summoned to the parliament at Shrews-
bury in the following September for the trial of David,
brother of Lewelin ; the writ (28 June) recites the
misdeeds, trespasses, and death of Lewelin.
Commanded to appear equis et armis at a military
Council at Gloucester before Edmund, Earl of Corn-
wall, July 1287. Excepted 14 June 1294 from the
general summons to serve with the King's expedition
into Gascony. Served in the Scottish wars, and
summoned (among the Barons) equis et armis to
Carlisle 26 September 1298, and to attend musters at
York, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Carlisle, and Newcastle-
upon-Tyne 1299-1322.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1. As D'N'S. DE SVLLEE he joined
in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 February)
by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of
the " Communitas " of England, and attached his
seal as here shown.
Chamberlain of the Royal household 34 Ed. I.
1305-6. One of the Barons present in the Council
at Lanercost 23 October 1306 when Jacobus Senes-
callus Scotia; did homage. Was on raid in Nithsdale
against Brus, February to May 1307.
Commanded (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
muster at Berwick 8 September 1310 ; ordered,
23 May 1311, to proceed against the Scots with as
many followers as he could raise. The battle of Ban-
nockburn was fought 24 June 1314. In August 1315
he was ordered to remain stationed in the northern
parts during the winter campaign. In June the Scots
had invaded Durham and unsuccessfully besieged
Carlisle 22 July to i August.
One of the " Majores Barones " informed of the
revocation of the summons to parliament consequent
on the invasion of the Scots June 1318.
Requested 10 April 1321 to co-operate in appeas-
ing the disturbances on the Welsh marches caused by
Despencer and to refrain from attending illegal assem-
blies. Ordered 12 Noveml>er following also to abstain
from attending the meeting of the "Good Peers"
illegally convened by the Earl of I.ancaster to be held
at Doncaster. Enjoined 6 February 1322 to raise as
many men-at-arms and foot soldiers as he can, and
(i4th) to muster at Coventry for the purpose of
marching against the rebels or adherents of the Earl
of Lancaster. The battle of Boroughbridge was fought
17 March.
In February and March 1323 he was com-
manded to raise as many men-at-arms as he can
over and above his contingent due by tenure and
(18 April) to provide pack-saddles for the use of
the army.
Returned by the Sheriff of Gloucestershire to
attend the Great Council at Westminster May 1324
— died 1336.
Authoritits.— Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 355 ; Par-
liamenlary Writs, I., 85; II. div. 3, 1476; C.S.D. ;
Archaeologia, xxi., pt. I, 221.
JOHN ST. JOHN OF HALNAKER, SUSSEX.
of
WAS NEVER SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT.
SEAL, 1301. — Sir John, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk of
mail, surcoat, helm with vizor down, thereon a lyon of England with lambrequin, between two
palm branches. On his shield and on the caparisons of his charger the chief and mullets of
S. John.
* S' IOHANNIS • D€ • SCO • IOHANN6 • DNl [• D€ HAN] NAK.
COUNTER SEAL. — The St. John Arms on a shield between two decorative wyverns.
* S' JOH'IS • D€ • SCO • IOHANN6.
ST. JOHN has been accounted the foremost com-
mander of his age. He was grandson of
William de Port, who assumed the name of his grand-
mother, Muriel, daughter and heir of Roger de
S. John, of Halnaker, in Sussex. William was lineally
descended from Hugh de Port, who held inter alia
the barony of Basing, County Southampton, at the
general survey.
Governor of Porchester Castle 53 Henry III.
1269. One of the "magnates" in the Council held
at Westminster 12 November 1276 in judgment
against Lewelin, Prince of Wales. Served in the two
great invasions of Wales 1277 and I28z- Summoned
to attend, for service in person, the muster at Worcester
July 1277 (acknowledged the service of three
knight's fees); also at Rhuddlan August 1282 for
the second invasion ; and at Montgomery May
1283. Summoned to attend the parliament at
Shrewsbury 30 September following for the trial of
Uavid, brother of Lewelin ; the writ (28 June)
recites the misdeeds, trespasses, and death of
Lewelin.
Served with Edward I. in Aquitaine 1286-9,
employed on foreign affairs 1290-1. King's lieutenant
in the Duchy 21 Ed. I. 1293. Occupied in strength-
ening and provisioning the fortified towns and castles
and in providing adequate garrisons for them pend-
ing the receipt of instructions to deliver seisin of
Gascony to the French 3 February 1294 ; excepted
14 June following from the general summons to
serve with the King's expedition into Gascony.
Appointed seneschal and chief councillor to John of
Brittany, whom Edward sent to recover his denied in-
heritance, the expedition left Plymouth i October.
In 1296 Edmund of Lancaster took the command,
and after his death Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln,
but the brunt of the business fell on S. John, who
was still seneschal. He was defeated and taken
prisoner with ten other knights near Bellegarde
28 January 1297, and remained a prisoner in Paris
until after the treaty of L'Aumone.
In the summer of 1297 he was again summoned
to perform military service in person beyond the seas
and in December to serve in Flanders. In the interim
JOHN ST. JOHN OF HALNAKER, SUSSEX.
53
he was commanded to appear at a military Council at
Rochester before Edward, the King's son and lieute-
nant in England. Summoned to a parliament or
Council at the New Temple, London, October 1299.
Served in the Scottish wars, fought at the battle of
Falkirk 22 July 1298. [Five weeks after (27 August),
John de S. John of I^angham (Langholm, in Dumfries)
writes, that being so grieved with sickness he could
not be at Roxburgh as appointed ; then building a
house at Tibres.] He was the real leader of " La
quarte efchiele " under Prince Edward at the siege of
Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
Li preus Johans de Saint Johan
Fu par tout o lui affemblans ;
Ki fur touz fes guarnemens blancs
El chief rouge ot de or deus molectes.
[Johans de Seint Johan fon hoir
Lour ot baillie a compaignon,
Ki de fon pere avoit la non,
E les armes au bleu label.
The brave John de Saint John
Was everywhere with him,*
Who on all his white caparisons
Had upon a red chief two gold mullets.
John de Saint John his heir
Had given them as a companion ;
He bore the name of his father,
And also his arms with a blue label.]
* Edward, the King's son.
King's lieutenant in Counties Cumberland, West-
moreland, Lancaster, Annandale and all the marches
unto the boundaries of the County of Roxburgh,
dated at La Rose 25 September 1300 ; to be met by
horse and foot at Carlisle, but these people refused
to defend the marches against the Scots. Warden of
Galloway, &c., 1301.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, he joined
as D'N'S. DE HANNAK in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the "Communitas "of England,
and attached his seal as here shown.
On ii September 1300 he had a grant of 1,000
marks yearly for life in England till he obtained
seisin of his Galloway lands which are "in war " and
valueless to him. On 27 the castles of Cockerrhouth
and Skipton in Craven, together with certain manors
and lands, were assigned to him for life. On
30 October he was ordered to "provide" Bothal Castle
and to make no truce. Received a further appoint-
ment dated 9 November as captain, warden, and
lieutenant of Galloway, the Castle and County of
Dumfries, the Castle of Lochmaben, of the valley of
Annan and the marches towards Roxburgh, with
40 men-at-arms of his retinue ; the Castles of Dumfries
and Lochmaben to be garrisoned by 20 men-at-
arms and 200 foot, 50 being crossbowmen and 150
archers.
One of the Ambassadors 29 Ed. I. 1301 sent to
Canterbury to treat with those of the King of France
for a peace with the Scots.
Summoned to attend the muster at Carlisle
June 1301, held a Scottish command in July 1302,
died on Thursday, 6 September 1302, at Lochmaben
Castle.
Writ of diem clausit extremum tested at West-
minster 7 October (30 Ed. I.) 1302, and by inquisi-
tion it was found that he held the manor of Halnuk,
with its members (Sussex), &c.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 345; Nicolas'
Synopsis, 763» ; Parliamentary Writs, I., 819; C.S. I). ;
Archieologia, xxi., pt. I, 225 ; Scotland in 1298, K.ilkirk, xliii.,
153; Roll of Caerlaverock, til. Wright, 18, 21 ; Dr. Birch's
Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 6,401.
CORD IX.
(7) 3obn oe Bcaucbamp, loro of Ibaccbc.
(6) 3obn oe ibuoleeton, Xoro of Hne^s.
(9) Milliam ^e IBraose, Xoro of (Bower.
(8) 3obn JBotetourte, Xor& of fIDcnDesbain.
3)ofcn DC Ideaudjamp, of
*
breast, a shield bearing the
SIGILL' IOHANNIS D€ B€LLO CAMPO.
B\ed in the Scottish wars and
^ the musters .v K.ing had
Vork, B.'; ..oed, and Newcastle- Lark
upon-Tyne 12 : to the par- kirk, in \
was of the I •
.
is de Bei.
Au dou/ •
tllf Wl,
1 '•.•:,
.
the Barov
•
.
•
.
•
,;gust
'
^es, for the nuisu-r mitted in t Deepen*
.•
,
') at
fc "• •
JOHN DE BEAUCHAMP, OF HACCHE.
57
3iol)n De Jdeauctjamp, of $accl)e.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 24 AUGUST 1336.
SEAL, 1301. — On an eagle's breast, a shield bearing the " Vair " of Beauchamp.
* SIGILL1 IOHANNIS D€ BCLLO CAMPO.
BARON JOHN served in the Scottish wars and
was summoned to attend the musters at
Carlisle, York, Berwick-upon-Tweed, and Newcastle-
upon-Tyne 1296-1322. Summoned to the par-
liament at Salisbury 24 February 1296-7 and to
attend the muster at London July 1297 for service
equis et armis " beyond the seas," and in the follow-
Johans de Beuchamp propirment
Portoit la baniere de vair,
Au douz tens e au fouef air.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE HACCHE
he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, and attached
his seal as here shown.
A Knight of the Bath, in attendance on the
Prince of Wales, 1306.
Appointed December 1307 one of the Conser-
vators of the Peace for Somerset; unable to act
25 April 1310, being "afflicted with severe illness."
Commanded (13 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
muster at Berwick 8 September 1310. Proffered
the service of three knight's fees, performed by six
" servientes " with six barded horses, for the muster
at Tweedmouth 19 September; and requested the
following year to proceed against the Scots with as
many followers as he can raise, for the muster at
Berwick (July 1311).
William de Faucumberge covenanted 26 May
1314 to undertake the service of three knight's fees
due from Beauchamp. The battle of Bannockburn
was fought 24 June. Requested 30 August 1315
to continue stationed in the northern parts during
ing September summoned to the military Council
before Edward, the King's son ; the King had em-
barked for Flanders 22 August.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk, in which Wallace
was defeated, 22 July 1298. One of the besiegers of
Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
John de Beauchamp properly
Carried a banner of vair,
In warm weather and pleasant air.
the winter campaign ; in June the Scots had invaded
Durham and unsuccessfully besieged Carlisle 22 July
to 1 August. Peremptorily commanded 14 Septem-
ber to attend the muster at Newcastle 6 Octol>er
1316. As one of the " Majores Barones " he is
informed of the revocation of summons to Parlia-
ment by reason of the invasion of the Scots (8 June)
1318.
Obtained his writ of scutage 20 July 1319 in
consideration of the service sent by him to Edward II.
Requested 21 April 1321 to co-operate in appeasing
the disturbances in the (Welsh) marches, caused by
Despencer, and also to refrain from any illegal con-
federacies or assemblies. As one of the followers
of Roger Dammory he obtained a pardon 20 August
1321 (afterwards revoked) for all felonies, &c., com-
mitted in the " pursuit " of the Despencers. Ordered
( 1 2 November) to abstain from attending the meeting
of the " Good Peers " illegally convened by the Earl
of Lancaster to be held at Doncaster.
One of the Commission 7 February 1322 em-
powered to raise the forces of the counties of Somerset
and Dorset to pursue and arrest insurgents. En-
joined" (6th) to raise as many men-at-arms and foot
soldiers as he can and to muster on the 28th at
Coventry, thence, with the King's forces, to march
JOHN DE BEAUCHAMP, OF HACCffE.
against the Earl of Lancaster. The battle of
Boroughbridge was fought 17 March. Empowered
(3 November) to pursue, arrest and commit male-
factors in the county of Somerset.
Commanded 27 November 1322 to assemble as
many men-at-arms as he can over and above his
usual train, in order to resist a probable invasion of
the Scots, and to march at their head to York on
28 February. Further summoned in February and
March 1323 to perform military service in person
against the Scots, and also commanded to raise as
many men-at-arms as he can over and above his
contingent due by tenure. Also to raise a detach-
ment of archers from Somerset, Dorset and Wilts,
and (18 April) to provide pack-saddles for the use
of the army.
Summoned 9 May 1324 to attend the Great
Council at Westminster. In the same year he was
one of the commanders appointed to defend the sea-
shores (one of the keepers of the sea-shores) in
the counties of Somerset and Dorset. By writ
(4 August) he was commanded to hold himself in
readiness to perform military service in person for
the defence of the Duchy of Aquitaine, &c., and
ordered to muster at Portsmouth March 1325 for
service in Gascony ; prorogued to May, then to August,
and finally discharged from attending 10 July.
Governor of Bridgewater Castle 1325 ; died in
J336> aged 62.
Authorities. —Parliamentary Writs, I., 458; II. div. 3,
511; C.S.D. ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 155; Roll of
Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 9 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals,
British Museum, 7,243.
JOHN DE HODLESTON.
59
31ol)n tie
NEVER SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT.
SEAL, 1301.— Pretty
R S' lOH'IS : D€ : HODLESTON'
HUDLESTON served in the Welsh and Scottish
wars. Summoned to muster at Worcester
in July 1277 for military service in person in the
first expedition against Lewelin, Prince of Wales ;
and to muster at Worcester in Mqy and at Rhuddlan
in August for the second Welsh invasion of 1282.
Summoned, equis et armt's, to attend a military
Council to be held at Gloucester before Edmund,
Earl of Cornwall, July 1287.
Excepted from the general summons to serve
in Gascony June 1294 ; summoned to muster at
London July 1297 for service in parts beyond the
Johans de Odilftane enfement
Ky ben e adeffcement
Va de armes toutes les faifons
Au Conte eftoit, fi est raifons
Ke norne/. foil entyr fa gent,
Rouge portoit frettez de argent.
Although he was not summoned to the parlia-
ment of Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1,
he joined as D'N'S. DE ANEYS (or Haneys) in the letter
addressed to the Pope ( 1 2 February) by the Barons,
as well on their part as on the part of the " Com-
munitas " of England, and attached his seal as here
shown.
On 20 January 1302-3 he was enjoined by writ,
tested at Guildford, to place himself with horses and
arms and all his forces under the command of
John de Segrave, the King's lieutenant in Scotland.
Ordered to march 300 men from Coupland and to
be at Roxburgh to meet the King 12 May. In the
following month he was commanded with Thomas
seas. A commissioner of array in the counties of
Lancaster, Cumberland and Westmorland, and in
October one of the Captains of the marches. Sum-
moned to serve, against the Scots ; to muster at
Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1296 and (as a Baron) at
Carlisle and York 1299. Fought at the battle of
Falkirk 22 July 1298. Twelve months after we find
him at Carlisle awaiting a foray (into Galloway) on
the Scots, with 6 knights, 23 esquires and 122 foot
soldiers. He was also one of the besiegers of
Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
Likewise John de Hodleston
Who appears well and promptly
In arms at all seasons.
He served the Earl,* which makes it right
That he should be named among his followers
He bore gules fretty of silver.
* Henry the good Earl of Lincoln.
de Multon of Egremont to muster all the horse and
foot of Cumberland and Westmorland against the
Scots who have raided in great force Annandale and
Liddesdale and elsewhere on the marches behind
the King and his army which are beyond the Forth.
On 9 January 1303-4 as a banneret (1299) he was
ordered with 2 knights and 9 esquires to join John
de Botetourt, Justiciar of Galloway, in a foray.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 77'" ! Parliamentary
Writs, I., 674; C.S.D. ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 135;
Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 3 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue
of Seals, British Museum, 10,739
6o
WILLIAM DE J1KAOSE.
OHiUtam De Braoge.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 1 8 SEPTEMBER 1322.
SEAL, 1301. — Crusily, a lyon rampant. The shield suspended, between two branches, from a
trifurcated bough.
S. WILL'I • D€ • BR€OVS€ • DN'I • HONOR' • D€ • BR€MBR' (&) D€ • GO€R'.
COUNTER SEAL. — A lyon combatting a wyvern ; overhead a bird and in base a cross tnoline.
WILLIAM DE BRAOSE, feudal lord, of
Gower, in South Wales, and of Bramber, in
Sussex. Served in the second Welsh invasion 1282,
and summoned to the muster at Rhuddlan August
1282 for military service in person. Served in the
wars with the Scots, protection for twenty of his men
returning from Scotland was granted 20 July 1296.
Summoned to muster at York, Carlisle, Berwick-
upon-Tweed, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and at Rox-
burgh across the border, 1298-1322; fought at the
battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298.
Ordered by writ 8 June 1294 to attend the
King with about sixty other magnates upon urgent
affairs. Excepted (i4th) from the general summons
to serve in Gascony. Summoned to Parliament
at Salisbury 24 February 1297, and in July following,
to serve in parts beyond the seas ; the King
embarked for Flanders 22 August. Ordered 8 April
1298 to raise 300 foot soldiers from his lordship of
Gower.
Summoned to parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1 ; and as U'x's. DE GOWER
he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas" of England, and attached
his seal as here shown.
Commanded (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation at Westminster 25 February 1308.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
muster at Berwick 8 September 1310. Acknowledged
and proffered the service of two knight's fees and a
half for his lands in Sussex and Wales, performed by
five " servientes " with five barded horses, for the
muster at Tweedmouth, 1 2th ; ordered to proceed
(July 1311) with as many followers as he could raise,
(the battle of Bannockburn was fought 24 June 1314-)
Requested, 30 August 1315, to continue stationed
in the northern parts during the winter campaign ;
and requested in June 1317 to raise 100 foot soldiers
from his lordship of Gower.
One of the " Majores Barones," informed, 8 June
1318, of the revocation of the meeting of Parliament,
by reason of the invasion of the Scots, obtained his
writ of scutage 26 January 1320 in consideration of
service sent 14 Ed. II.
In 14 Ed. II., being, according to Thomas of
Walsingham, " a person who had a large patrimony,
but a great unthrift," he sold under the King's
WTLLIAM DE RRAOSE.
61
licence, to the Earl of Hereford, his domain of (lower
land. Its contiguity to the lands of the favourite Hugh
le Despencer the younger, led that minion forcibly
to possess himself of Gower land (see page xlvi),
and to this circumstance is traced the foundation of the
confederacy which eventually crushed him and ended
so disastrously for the Duke of I^ancaster (see page 5).
Requested 21 April 1321 to co-operate in ap-
peasing the disturbances caused by Despencer, and
also to refrain from attending any illegal confederacies
or assemblies. Ordered 12 November 1321 to
abstain from attending the meeting of the " Good
Peers " illegally convened by the Earl of I^ancaster
to be held at 1 )oncaster.
Enjoined 6 February 1322 to raise as many foot
soldiers and men-at-arms as he can, and to appear at
the muster at Coventry to march (28 February)
against the rebels or adherents of the Earl of
I-ancaster. The battle of Boroughbridge was fought
i ; March. Ordered 27 November following to
assemble as many men-at-arms as he can over and
above his usual train, in case of a Scots invasion, and
to march, 2 February 1323, at their head to York.
Also to raise as many men at-arms as he can above
his contingent due by tenure, and 18 April to provide
pack-saddles for the army, should wagon trains be
dispensed with.
William de Braose " miles " became bond i April
1324 for the payment of ,£10,000 to Hugo le
Despencer; died 1326.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 346 ; F'ar-
liameiHary Writs, I., 495 ; II. dlv. 3, 589 ; Arcrucologia, xxi.,
pt. I, 207 ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 137 ; Dr. Birch's
Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 7,794.
Hi
62
JOHN BOTETOURT.
3)ol)n Botetourt.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 19 JUNE 1305 TO 13 SEPTEMBER 1324.
SEAL, 1301.— A cinquefoyle pierced, each leaf charged with the engrailed saltire of Botetourt.
K S' • JOHANNIS • BOVTTOVRT.
CONSTABLE of the Castle of St. Briavel, in
\^> Gloucestershire ; Warden of the Forest of
Dean 1291. Excepted 12 June 1294 from the
general summons to serve with the King's expedition
into Gascony. In 1294 he commanded the fleet at
Yarmouth and the neighbouring ports, which burnt
Cherbourg in the following year. Summoned July
1297 to serve in person in parts beyond the seas.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and summoned to
attend the musters at York, Carlisle, Newcastle-
upon-Tyne and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1298-1319.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298,
where his white pied charger was killed under him
(value 60 marks). Served at the siege of Caer-
laverock Castle 1 1 July 1 300.
Cil ke a tout bien faire a cuer lie
Au fautour noir engreellie,
Jaune baniere ot e penon,
Johans Boutetourte ot a noun.
He who has a heart joyful to do all that is good,
Bore a yellow banner and pennon,
With a black saltire engrailed,
Was called John Botetourte.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, he
joined as DVs. DE MENDESHAM in the letter
addressed to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons,
as well on their part as on the part of the " Com-
munitas " of England, and attached his seal as here
shown.
When Admiral of the King's fleet (temp. Ed. I.)
he burned at Berwick a ship belonging to the
citizens of Stralleshunt, in Eastland, for which they
claimed redress. In 1303 King's lieutenant in Cum-
berland, Westmorland, Lancaster, Annandale, &c.
Arbiter between the Mayor and burgesses of Bristol
and lord Thomas of Berkeley and Maurice his son.
On 9 January 1304 he is about to make a foray
into Scotland with 3 bannerets, 120 knights, esquires
and men-at-arms, 19 hobelers and 2,736 foot soldiers
with captains and corporals from Cumberland, West-
morland and I^ancaster. The other bannerets in
the foray were Sir Robert de Clifford (p. 93), Sir John
de St. John (p. 52), and Sir John de Hodelston (p. 59).
Summoned probably as a member of the Council to
the parliament at Westminster 15 August 1305; re-
summoned "ex habundanti" 15 September. One of
the "Barons" present in the Council at Lanercost
23 October 1306 when homage was performed by
Jacobus Senescallus Scotice. Commanded 18 October
1307 to repair to Scotland with all his forces for the
defence of the country as well of his own possessions.
Proffers the service of one knight's fee for the
third part of the barony of Belford performed by
himself for the muster at Tweedmouth 19 September
1310. Requested in the following May to proceed
against the Scots with as many followers as he can
raise.
Governor of Framlingham Castle, Suffolk,
5 Ed. II., 1311-12. Had letters of safe conduct for
himself and his followers September 1312 to October
1313 ; pardoned 16 October, as an adherent of the
Earl of Lancaster for his participation in the death of
Gaveston, &c.
Admiral of the Fleet 1315. Archers from Essex
and Norfolk and Suffolk together with levies from
the forest of Dean, ordered to muster before him at
JOHN BOTETOURT.
Harwich in April of that year. Commanded the fleet
employed in the expedition against Scotland.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he is informed
of the revocation of the meeting of parliament June
1318 by reason of the invasion of the Scots.
One of the justices, 6 August 1318, empowered to
try certain riotous townsmen of Norwich. Assented
by indenture dated at Leek 9 August 1318, on
behalf of the King, to the treaty with the Earl of
Lancaster imposing restrictions upon the royal
authority.
Requested 21 April 1321 to co-operate in
appeasing the disturbances on the marches caused
by Despencer, and also to refrain from any illegal
confederacies or assemblies. Obtained a pardon
(20 August) as one of the adherents of the Earl of
Hereford (see page 1 1) for all felonies, &c., committed
in the "pursuit" of the Despencers. On 12 Novem-
ber of the same year he was ordered to abstain from
attending the meeting of the "Good Peers" illegally
convened by the Earl of Lancaster to be held at
1 )oncaster.
Ordered 6 February 1322 to raise as many men-
at-arms and foot soldiers as he can, and \ \\.\\ to
muster at Coventry, and thence to march against the
rebels or adherents of the Earl of Lancaster.
In the commission dated at Tutbury 12 March of
the same year he is described as the King's enemy,
and John de Haustede is empowered to pursue and
arrest him. Was in arms against the King in the
battle of Boroughbridge, and afterwards " flies to
parts beyond the seas."
Authorities.— Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 354-356 ;
Nicolas' Synopsis, 767(1; Parliamentary Writs, I., 458;
II. div. 3, 511; C.S.D. ; Arcrueologia, xxi., pt. I, 215;
Scotland in 1298, Kalkirk, 147 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, fd.
Wright, 13; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum,
7-67 •
CORD X.
(11) IReotnalo oe <Brci?t Xoro of Kutb^n.
(10) 3obn oe flftoels, TLoro of Wortb C
3) 3obn Jfit3 IRcflinal^ loi*& of
(12) HImaric &e St. Hmai^, loi^ of
REGINALD DE GREY OF RUTHYN.
UleginalD DC d&rep of
SUMMONED TO 1'ARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 1295 TO 26 AUGUST 1307.
SEAL, 1301. — Barry (6) with a label (5). The shield enclosed by three decorative sprigs.
»fc StIGIULVM : Rt€lGINA[LDI] : D€ : GR€Y.
SIR REGINALD DE GREY, of Ruthyn (son
and heir of Sir John, who was second son of
Henry, of Greys Thurrock, Essex), was one of the
"magnates" in the Council at Westminster 12 No-
vember 1276, on judgment being given against
Lewelin, Prince of Wales. Summoned to the muster at
Worcester i July 1277 forservicein person in the first
expedition against Lewelin ; acknowledged the service
of two knight's fees in " Purle " and " Wilton super-
Weye," performed by himself and one knight.
"Gustos" of Chester and Flint 27 April 1279
with full powers of command in the border country.
Justice of Chester 1280-1 (9 Edward I.), and in the
next year had a grant of the Castle of Ruthyn, &c.,
on the Welsh marches. Summoned to muster at
Rhuddlan August 1282 for service in the second
Welsh invasion against Lewelin ; was serving under
the King in 1283, and ordered to attend the
muster in May at Montgomery. Summoned to the
parliament at Shrewsbury in September 1283 for the
trial of David, brother of Lewelin ; the writ of 28 June
recites the misdeeds, trespasses and death of
Lewelin.
As fustic1 Cestr1 he was enjoined 14 November
1287 to remain on his demesnes and lordships until
the rebellion of Resus filius Mereduci (Rhys ab
Maredudd, i.e. ap Meredyth) should be put down.
Summoned 22 August 1288 to propound his grie-
vances (if any) before Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, and
the Council, and to abstain from violations of the peace.
By commission dated at " Donamenye " 30 August
1294 he was despatched into the counties of Car-
narvon, Anglesea and Merioneth, Flint, &c., with
instructions to raise troops for the King's service in
Gascony ; to muster at Portsmouth on the ist of
September. Ordered 18 October to relieve the
Castle of Bere threatened by Madog ab Morgan,
then in revolt.
Assistant to Prince Edward, governor of Eng-
land (1296-7), during the King's absence in Aqui-
taine.
Summoned equis et armis to serve in person in
parts beyond the seas July 1297 and in the wars with
the Scots ; musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, York,
Carlisle and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1297-1307 ; fought
at the battle of Falkirk, when Wallace was defeated,
22 July 1298.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE RUTHYN he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12
February) by the Barons, as well on their part as on
the part of the " Communitas " of England. Died
in 1308. Ancestor of the Barons Grey of Wilton
and also of Ruthyn.
Authorities.— Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 347 ; Parlia-
mentary Writs, I., 646 ; Archaeologia, xxi., pt. I, 208 ; Scotland
in 1298, Falkirk, 145; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 10,270.
N
68
JOHN DE MOELS.
tie
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO l6 JUNE 1311.
SEAL, 1301. — Two bars and in chief three roundles; the shield suspended from a tri furcated
bough, and decorated on either side with a wingless wyvern.
S' : IOHIS : D€ : MODS.
JOHN DE MOELS, of North Cadbury, Somerset
(son and heir of Roger), served in the wars
with the Scots; was summoned to musters at
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, York, and Carlisle 1296-1309.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298. Sent
his service of two knight's fees 28 Edward I. 1300.
Summoned to parliament at Salisbury 24 February
1297 ; and to muster at London July 1297 for service
in person equiset armisin parts beyond the seas. The
King embarked for Flanders 22 August. Summoned
to a military Council to be held at Rochester
before Edward, the King's son and lieutenant in
England, 8 September 1297; and to the muster at
Sandwich, November and December 1297 and also
in January 1298 for service in Flanders.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, he joined
as D'N'S. DE CAUDEBURY in the letter addressed to
the Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on
their part as on the part of the " Communitas " of
England, and attached his seal as here shown.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 768« ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 739; II. div. 3, 1175; Archaeologia, xxi., pt. I,
219; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 145; Dr. Birch's Catalogue
of Seals, British Museum, 11,807.
JOHN F1TZ REGINALD.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 26 AUGUST 1307.
SEAL, 1301. — The Baron, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk,
surcoat, helm with grating. On his shield and on the caparisons of his charger, three lyons.
* S lOH'IS FILM R€GINALDI.
JOHN FITZ REGINALD, of Blenlevny, in Wales,
fil. Reginald fil. Peter Fitzherbert (by Isabel,
heiress of Blenlevny, daughter and co-heir of
William de Braose, of Brecknock), fil. Herbert Fitz-
Herbert, chamberlain to King Stephen.
Summoned to appear equis et armis at a military
Council to be held at Gloucester before Edmund,
Earl of Cornwall, July 1287; on the 23rd ordered to
place himself together with his horse and foot
soldiers under the command of Gilbert de Clare,
Earl of Gloucester and Hertford. Later in the year
he was enjoined to reside on his lordships and
demesnes until the rebellion of Resusyf///« Mereduci
(Rhys ab Maredudd, i.e. ap Meredyth) should be put
down, and again twelve months later, in order to
defend his lands against Resus.
Commanded with about 60 other " magnates "
to attend the King upon urgent affairs 8 June 1294,
and on the i4th was excepted from the general
summons for service with the King's expedition into
Gascony. Summoned to the parliament at Salisbury
24 February 1297 and in July to serve in parts
beyond the seas equis et armis ; in the same month
he was ordered to raise fifty men from his lordship of
Talgarth. Three months later he was commanded
to appear with horses and arms at a military Council
before Edward, the King's son and lieutenant in
England. The King had embarked for Flanders
22 AugUSt.
Summoned to perform military service against
the Scots and to attend musters at Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, York, Carlisle, and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1 297-
1306.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE BLENLEVNY
he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, and attached
his seal as here shown.
He was summoned to the muster at Carlisle
July 1306 by special writ which states, that on former
occasions he had entirely disobeyed the King's
commands. Commanded (18 January) to attend the
King's Coronation at Westminster 25 February 1308 ;
he is supposed to have been dead before this time.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 608; II. div. 3,
871 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 5,999.
ALMARIC DE ST. AMAND.
2Umartc
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 2g DECEMBER \2gg TO l6 JUNE 1311.
SEAL, 1301. — Pretty, on a chief three roundles ; the shield between three wingless wyverns.
K S' ALMAVRICI : D€ : SCO : AM€NDO.
A LMARIC DE ST. AMAND (son of Almaric
_/\. of Wodehay, Beds) was excepted from the
general summons of 14 June 1294 to serve with the
King's expedition into Gascony.
Summoned to perform military service (of two
E le Amauri de Saint Amant,
Ki va proveste reclamant,
De or e de noir frette au chief
O trois gafteaus de or derechief.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as DVs. DE
WIDEHAYE he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached his seal as here shown.
In (33 Ed. I.) 1305 he was commanded to
render his accounts as Governor of Bordeaux ; it is
doubtful whether he complied, as we find him shortly
afterwards a prisoner in the Tower. However this
may be, he was in favour at Court on the accession of
Edward II., for he was commanded (18 January) to
attend the King's Coronation and to meet Queen
Isabel at Dover 4 or 5 February to form part of her
knight's fees) in person against the Scots, and to
attend the musters at Carlisle June 1300, and at
Berwick-upon-Tweed June 1301 ; one of the besiegers
of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
And that of Aumary de Saint Amand,
Who advances, displaying his prowess,
Was of gold and black fretty on a chief,
Three roundlets, also of gold.
suite. He and his consort were also summoned
(8 February) as from the County of Bedford to
attend the Coronation in the train of the King and
Queen.
Further summoned to the musters at Carlisle
22 August 1308, and at Newcastle-upon-Tyne 29 Sep-
tember 1309, for service against the Scots. Earnestly
requested (2 August) to attend the muster at Ber-
wick-upon-Tweed 8 September 1310, in which year
he is said to have died without issue.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 349 ; Parlia-
mentary Writs, I., 816; II. div. 3, 1366; Roll of Caerla-
verock, ed. Wright, 13 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals,
British Museum, 13,214.
CORD XI.
(15) iRobert Jfit3 pavuc, Xoro of Hammer.
(14) Gbomaa, Uoro of teerfcelep.
(17) peter dor bet, Xoro ot Cau0.
o) Ibenr^ &e Cvcs, lore of Cbtlton.
Robert jFtt?
L, 1301. — Thr .vithhi an
i jp
* 8' ROBCRTI FIL' PAOANI.
'"T^HIS Dorsetshi'
_L_ lords sumni - >n in the
iish invasion.
-'82 he arkno
knight's fee and one hall . ' part of half a
knight's fee, viz. one I n inher
and one-half and one-tbi
iity of the inheritan
performed by himself and r
ed to the muster a.
21 November 1294, ha\ >eforr
summoned to th !i for
;mmoned to the rxv
Salisbury 24 February i 297.
On
!, the fire
his ainguished, whereby his be.
:iHruders digged for Ire:'
I offhisarmourto the \alueof 1005.
i at-
'ck-upon-Tweed 1296 1514. .it the
battle of F.ilkirk 12 July r i f the
besi. i i |uly 1300.
Robert le fi/ Paien
Ot fa baper flan
Rou
Trois de i
Robert FitzPayne, following,
Had his b.uim.'
Red, with three white lyons \<,
Surcharged with a blue batrn.
Summoned to the t. Hilary
January 1300-1
he joined in '•
to the I'ope (12 February) by th. .is well on
their part as on the part of the
England, and attached i
irshal of the K de
13, indent'
1 with the -iln 4, 10 and
with Sir John •
iernor of (,'orfe < 104, and in
.;ht of the Hath wi
rd. I'lOveinor also of V,
to attend th<
1308. ''Si.1-
the hou
rd II.)
attend tin
Earnestly requested (2 August) t<i
upon T.veed S Sr
one
his son and tw -ites"
: 128 M.T
• il 1311 f ihe
peac. His
II.
,'s Catalogue
. 606
in
ROBERT F1TZ I'AYNE.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT AS " ROBO FIL PAGANI " 6 FEBRUARY 1299 TO 23 OCTOBER 1314.
SEAL, 1301. — Three lyons passant guardant debruised by a bendlet ; enclosed within an oval
border thereon,
Ijl S' ROB€RTI FIL' PAGANI.
THIS Dorsetshire magnate was among the feudal
lords summoned to serve in person in the
second Welsh invasion. For the muster at Rhuddlan
August 1282 he acknowledged the service of one
knight's fee and one half and one third part of half a
knight's fee, viz. one fee for his own inheritance
and one-half and one-third part of half a fee for his
purparty of the inheritance of " Alvvred de Lincoln,"
performed by himself and three " servientes/'
Ordered to the muster against the Welsh at Worcester
21 November 1294, having only two months before
been summoned to the muster at Portsmouth for
service in Gascony. Summoned to the parliament at
Salisbury 24 February 1 297.
On Thursday before St. Barnabas Day last 1 296 his
house in Berwick was violently entered, the fire under
his " torale " was extinguished, whereby his beer was
destroyed, the intruders digged for treasure.entered his
chamber, and carried off his armourto the value of 100.1.
Served in the Scottish wars, and summoned to at-
tend musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, York, Carlisle,
and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1296-1314. Fought at the
battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and was one of the
besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
Robert le fiz Paien fievable
Ot fa baner flanc a flanc,
Rouge a passans lyons de blanc,
Trois de un baftoun bleu furgettez.
Robert FitzPayne, following,
Had his banner, side by side,
Red, with three white lyons passant,
Surcharged with a blue batcn.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as Rob's fil' Pagani,
D'x's. DE LAMMER, he joined in the letter addressed
to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on
their part as on the part of the "Communitas" of
England, and attached his seal as here shown.
Marshal of the King's host, under Sir Aymer de
Valence, August 1303, indenture to serve till Easter.
Dined with the Prince of Wales at Perth 4, 10 and
it February 1303-4, having gone about the peace
with Sir John Comyn.
Governor of Corfe Castle 1304, and in the
following year made Knight of the Bath with Prince
Edward. Governor also of Winchester Castle.
Commanded (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308. "Senescallus
hospicii R." 1308 (Steward of the household to
Edward II.) Earnestly requested (2 August) to
attend the muster at Berwick-upon Tweed 8 Septem-
ber 1310 ; his service as above, performed by one
knight, viz. Robert his son and two "servientes"
with barded . horses. Requested (28 May 1311) to
proceed to Scotland with as many followers as he can
raise.
The King's nuncio or ambassador to the General
Council 1311. One of the conservators of the
peace for Dorset 1314; dead before 1316. His
executors obtained writs of scutage 12 October 1319
for service sent by him 4 Ed. II.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 606 ; II. div. 3,
867 ; C.S.D. j Archaeologia, xxi., pt. I, 223 ; Scotland in
1298, Falkirk, 145; Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright 6;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 9,751.
74
THOMAS, LORD DE BERKELEY.
, lorD De Berftelep*
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 24 JUNE I2Q5 TO 15 MAY 1321.
SEAL, 1301. — Crusily and a chevron ; the shield, suspended by the guige on a hook, between
two wingless wyverns.
f& SIGILLVM THOM€ D€ B€RK€L€.
SIXTH and last feudal Lord of Berkeley and one
of the most valorous men of his time. As a
youth he was at the battle of Evesham 1265, and is
said to have seen service nearly every year in the
following half-century either against the Welsh, the
Scots, or the French.
He performed military service in 1277 due from
Maurice de Berkeley, under Edmund, Earl of
Lancaster, in West Wales, in the first expedition made
against Lewelin, Prince of Wales, and again in the
second invasion under the King, August 1282 (the
muster at Rhuddlan), and at Montgomery May 1283.
Summoned to appear in the parliament at Shrews-
bury 30 September 1283 for the trial of David,
brother of Lewelin ; the writ (28 July) recites the
misdeeds, trespasses and death of Llewelin.
Further summoned 1287 to appear eguis et armis
at a military Council at Gloucester under Edmund,
Earl of Cornwall. Employed on an embassy to France
1296, and in the following year he was summoned
to perform military service in person in parts beyond
the seas. Vice-Constable of England 1297.
By indenture 2 July 1297 between Sir Thomas
and Eymar (lord of Montiniaco), son of Sir William
de Valence, he covenanted to remain of said Eymar's
" mennage " with his banner and five knights and
esquires to serve him, four esquires to serve his four
similar knights, &c., twenty-four barded horses in all ;
conditions for his son Maurice (Exchequer T.R.).
Served in the Scottish wars, and was summoned
to attend musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, York,
Carlisle, and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1296-1319. Fought
at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and was not
improbably at the siege of Caerlaverock Castle two
years after with his three sons, Sir Maurice, Sir
Thomas and John, the last-named a "valet," in the
retinue of Aymer de Valence (see page 22).
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, he
joined as DVs. DE BERKELE in the letter addressed
to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on
their behalf as on the behalf of the " Communitas "
of England, and attached his seal as here shown.
Summoned to the muster at Carlisle June 1301,
under Edward, Prince of Wales, or to send his sons
in his stead cum decenti comitiva. Commanded
appear at the Exchequer at York July 1305,
prepared and ready to
proceed as the King's
ambassador to the Court
of Rome (Pope Clement
V.), and so also at West-
minster in the following
September.
He and his son
Maurice were pardoned
for their trespasses and
felonies, and in con-
sideration thereof he bound himself (n July 1306)
to find at his own charges ten men-at-arms with
barded horses under Thomas his son or another
fitting captain, against Robert de Brus and his
accomplices.
Commanded (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation at Westminster 25 February 1307-8.
He and his son Maurice severally acknowledge
the service of three knight's fees for all their lands,
performed by six " servientes," with six barded horses,
for the muster at Tweedmouth 10 September 1310.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the muster
at Berwick 8 September 1310. Taken prisoner at
Bannockburn 24 June 1314.
By writ 24 June 1314 he (then a prisoner) was
commanded to appear before the Council in the
Exchequer, ready to proceed on the King's service to
parts beyond the seas. Requested 30 August 1315 to
continue stationed in the northern parts during the
winter campaign.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he is informed
June 1318 that the summons for the meeting of
parliament is revoked by reason of the invasion of
the Scots. Summoned to attend an extraordi-
nary Council of the " magnates," to be held at
Gloucester 5 April 1321. He appears to have sided
with the Earl of Lancaster in his opposition to the
Despencers; for eight days after the last summons
(i3th) he is enjoined to preserve the peace in his
lordships and to prevent all illegal assemblies, in
consequence of the disturbances in the marches.
He died at Berkeley 23 July of the same year.
Authorities. -Parliamentary Writs, I., 465 ; II. div. 3,
531 ; C.S.D. ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 153.
PETER CORBET OF CAUS.
75
0eter Corbet of Cau0*
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 13 SEPTEMBER 1302 TO 14 MARCH 1 32 1-2.
SEAL, 1301. — Two caws for CORBET and CAUS ; the shield suspended from a tree and between
the customary wingless wyverns.
SIGILLVM P€TRI CORB6T.
PETER, 2nd Lord Corbet, on the death of his
X father in 1300, was summoned to the
parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January
1300-1 ; and as D'N'S. DE CAUZ he joined in
the letter addressed to the Pope (12 February) by
the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
" Communitas " of England, and attached his seal as
here shown.
Served in the Scottish wars, and was summoned
to attend musters at Carlisle, Berwick-upon-Tweed,
and at Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1301-1322. Earnestly
requested (2 August) to attend the muster at Berwick
8 September 1310. Requested 15 July 1311 to pro-
ceed with as many followers as he can raise against
the Scots, who under Bruce were ravaging the north.
Two months after the battle of Bannockburn
(24 June) he was ordered (30 August) to continue
stationed in the northern parts during the winter
campaign.
By writ 21 April 1321 he was requested to co-
operate in appeasing disturbances and to refrain from
attending illegal confederacies or assemblies, in conse-
quence of the disturbance in the marches, caused
by the "pursuit" of the Despencers. Ordered
(12 November) to abstain from attending the meeting
of the " Good Peers " illegally convened by the Earl
of Lancaster, to be held at Doncaster.
Enjoined 6 February 1322 to raise as many men-
at-arms and foot soldiers as he can, and (i4th) to
muster at Coventry to oppose the rebels or adherents
of the Earl of Lancaster. The battle of Borough-
bridge was fought 17 March. Commanded to raise
300 foot soldiers from his lordship of Caus, and to
muster at Newcastle-upon-Tyne June 1322. In this
year his lordship stated to be in the King's hands
— Petrus de Corbet defunctus.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 549 ; II. div. 3, 715 ;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 8,941.
76
HENRY DE TYES.
fcenrp De
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 26 AUGUST 1307.
SEAL, 1301. — A chevron. The shield ensigned with his badge, a Saracen's head contourne.
S' : H6NRICI : D€ : T€IH€IS.
HENRY DE TYES, of Chilton, in the honor
of Wallingford, and of bherborne, in the
honor of St. Walerie. Summoned 8 June 1294
with about 60 other " magnates " to attend the
King upon urgent affairs, and six days after (loth)
excepted from the general summons to serve with
the King's expedition into Gascony. Summoned in
July 1297 to serve in person in parts beyond the
seas, and (particularly) in Flanders, and to attend
the muster at Sandwich in November of the same
year. Edward I. had embarked 22 August. In
the following month DE TYES was commanded to
attend a military Council before Edward, the King's
son.
Served in the wars with the Scots equis et
armis, and was summoned to attend musters at
Carlisle, York, and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1299-1306.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and
served at the siege of Caerlaverock Castle n July
1300.
Baniere ot Henris li Tyois
Plus blanche de un poll lyois,
O un chievron vermeil en mi.
Henry le Tyes had a banner
Whiter than a smooth lily
With a red chevron in the middle.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE CHILTON he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 February)
by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of
the " Communitas " of England, and attached his seal
as here shown. He died in 1307; the writ of diem
clausit extremum tested at Nottingham 8 October
T Ed. II., his son and heir Henry then aged 22.
This son was one of the adherents of the Earl of
Lancaster and the Earl of Hereford, and after the
battle of Boroughbridge he was attainted and
executed 16 March 1321-2.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 351 ; Parlia-
mentary Writs, I., 864; II. div. 3, 1509; Archseologia, xxi.,
pt. I, 218, 219; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 135; Roll of
Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 18.
CORD XII.
(19) IRobcit oc ftatesbalc, Xoro ot Bucfecnbam.
(18) 3obn ILovel, lorfc of 2>ocfcmo.
(21) ibiiQb ^e l^ere, Uor& of Swanscombe.
(20) TRobcrt &c la WHarfcc, %or& of HUlbiteball.
ftoberf De Catenate.
1 298-9 TO ! .MHER I 3O2.
SEAL, 1301.— C'r> e with a label of three poini Id suspended
a trifurcated bough-
s' ROB6RTI : 0€ : TATE8HAL6,
ROKERT, 2nd 1
father in 1298
Gascony in 1297, and to have '-csiegewf
with the Scots. Summoned to .1
Cele de TatcfhaU- a oun
valour o
De or e de rou
Au cl. ment.
1298.
. July
Summoned to the parlinr inand of
1 3-20 January 130 *i tenant in Scotland.
he joined in the letter addressed to '
bruary) by thi :. as well o: t as lands ati
on the part of the " Commiu King's hands 28 Ji
his
attached his cadenc>
: and he himself a 1
In 130.-
;y of Norfolk .
ance of grain. Enjoined _-e January 1303 tu
all his fo!
death.
: l
m»ke* mention of *«ver»l
ROBERT DE TATESHALE.
79
iaobert De Cate0l)ale.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 13 SEPTEMBER 1302.
SEAL, 1301. — Chequy, a chief ermine with a label of three points. The shield suspended from
a trifurcated bough — at the sides floral decoration.
S' ROB€RTI : D€ : TATESHAL€.
ROBERT, and Baron, on the death of his
father in 1298. Said to have served in
Gascony in 1297, and to have served in the wars
with the Scots. Summoned to attend musters at
York, Carlisle, and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1298-1303.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298.
One of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July
1300.
Cele de Tatefhale a oun
For fa valour o eus tiree,
De or e de rouge efchequere
Au chef de ermine outr^ement.
That of Tateshal for his valour
They have taken with them,
It was of gold and red chequered,
With a chief ermine.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1 ; and as D'N'S. DE BUKENHAM
he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part as
on the part of the " Communitas " of England, and
attached his cadency ! seal here shown, his father being
dead and he himself a lord of parliament.
In 1302 he was empowered to induce the English
clergy of Norfolk and Suffolk to agree to a purvey-
ance of grain. Enjoined 20 January 1303 to place
himself with horses and arms and all his forces under
the command of John de Segrave, the King's lieu-
tenant in Scotland. Sent his service of four knight's
fees to the muster at Berwick 26 May 1303.
His lands and tenements were seised into the
King's hands 28 July 1303 in consequence of his
death.
— Parliamentary Writs, I., 858; II. div. 3,
1490 ; C.S.D. ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 133 ; Roll of
Caerlaverock, eJ. Wright, 8 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals,
British Museum, 13,873, which makes mention of several
earlier seals of this family.
So
JOHN LOVELL.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 26 JULY 1311.
SEAL, 1301. — Undee ;* a label (3), on each file, usually as many mullets.
Igl SIGILU : IOHANNIS : LOV€L.
SIR JOHN LOVELL, of Tichmarsh, Northants,
Minster Level, Oxon, and Docking, Norfolk,
acknowledged and performed the military service due
from his father (then infirm) in the first expedition
against Lewelin, Prince of Wales, at the muster at
Worcester July 1277. Served in the second Welsh
invasion, mustered at Rhuddlan August 1282.
Excepted (14 June 1294) from the general sum-
mons to serve with the King's expedition into
Gascony. Summoned to parliament at Salisbury
24 February 1296-7, to serve in person in parts
beyond the seas July 1297, and in the following
September, to a military Council before Edward,
Prince of Wales, &c.
Served in the Scottish wars, Marshal of the army
in Scotland 10 July 1296, and summoned to attend
musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Carlisle, York and
Berwick-upon-Tweed 1296-1310. Fought at the
battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE
DAKKVNG he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the "Communitas" of England,
and attached his seal as here shown.
In June 1303 he was fined two thousand marks
for trespasses committed in the King's forests, of
which half was remitted in consideration of his
performing military service in Scotland with twelve
men-at-arms fully armed.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's Coro-
nation in Westminster Abbey 25 February 1307-8.
Earnestly requested 2 August to attend the
musters at Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 September 1310;
he proffered the service of one knight's fee for all his
lands, performed by two " servientes," with two barded
horses, for the muster at Tweedmouth 21 September.
1311. Nuper Marescallus Ed. I., his executors to
produce certain rolls in Chancery.
* The coat of Lovell is said to have been founded on the
arms of his grandmother, a daughter of Alan Bassett, of
Wycombe, to whom his grandfather John was in ward.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 768« ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 715; II. div. 3, 1120; C.S.D. ; Scotland in
1298, Falkirk, 133 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 11,399.
HUGH DE VERE.
Si
/
; «. #
(*•*/
De Were.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 3 MARCH 1317-18.
SEAL, 1301. — Per cross, a mullet, and for cadency an engrailed bordure. The badge, a wild
boar. The shield between two decorative wyverns.
(J< SIGILL' : HVGONIS : D€ : V€€R.
HUGH DE VERE, second son ol Robert, fifth
Earl of Oxford, served in the French wars,
governor of St. Cyverine 1 293. Excepted June 1294
from the general summons to serve in the King's
expedition into Gascony. Sent on embassy to France
1297, and to Rome 1298. Summoned October 1299
to a parliament or council held at the New Temple,
London.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and was sum-
moned to attend musters at Carlisle, York, Berwick -
upon-Tweed and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1299-1319.
One of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July 1300.
Hue de Ver, le filz au Conte
De Oxinfort, e frere fon hoir,
O le ourle endentee de noir
Avoit baniere e longee lee,
De ore e de rouge efquartelee ;
De bon cendal, non pas de toyle,
E devant une blanche eftoyle.
Hugh de Vere, son of the Earl
Of Oxford, and brother to his heir.
With the border indented with black
He had a banner both long and broad,
Quartered gold and red,
Of good silk, not of cloth,
And in front a white star.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE SWAINS-
CHAUMPIS he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of Eng-
land, and attached his seal as here shown.
Commanded (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation ; he and his consort were summoned
(8 February), as from the County of Essex, to attend
the Coronation in the train of the King and Queen,
25 February 1307-8.
Elected as one of the Committee of six " Ordainers "
by whom the remaining fifteen were chosen ; all were
sworn together in the Painted Chamber 20 March
1310 (see page xlv). Commanded to appear in the
Exchequer 25 June 1310 ready to proceed to Gascony
on the King's service.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
muster at Berwick 8 September 1310. Proffered the
service of one knight's fee for all his lands, performed
by " two servientes " with two barded horses, at the
Tweedmouth muster 19 September. To muster at
Berwick also in July of the next year, and to proceed
with as many followers as he can raise against the
Scots, who, under Bruce, were ravaging the north.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he is informed
that the summons for the meeting of parliament is
revoked by reason of the invasion of the Scots June
1318 ; ordered to muster at York in July to oppose the
invaders, and is supposed to have died shortly after.
Authorities.— Parliamentary Writs, I., 884; II. div. 3,
1556; C.S.D. ; Archieologia, xxi., pi. I, 206; Rol of
Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, II; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals,
British Museum, 14,121.
82
ROBERT DE LA WARDE.
- • r**. . .• -V ^, (
- •••* =
mobert De la
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 3 NOVEMBER 1306.
SEAL, 1301.— Vair— with helm and fan plume. On each side of the shield a decorative sprig.
S' ROB6RTI D€ LA WARD6.
T~) OBERT DE LA WARDE, steward of the house-
AV hold 1304; was generally summoned equis
etarmisto the muster at Nottingham July 1287 for
service in person against the Scots .
Ordered to muster at Sandwich in November and
December 1297 for service in Flanders; the King
had embarked 22 August.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and
was summoned to attend musters at Carlisle,
York and Berwick - upon - Tweed 1299-1301.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 August 1298,
and one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle
ii July 1300.
Apres ceus deuz revindrent la
La Warde e Johans de Gray,
Ke de nouvel ont envay
Ceus dedenz, ki bien atendent,
E ars e arbaleftes, tendent,
E traient de lour efpringaut,
E bien fe tienent paringaut,
E au getter e au lancier.
After these two returned there
La Warde and John de Gray,
Who renewed the attack upon
Those within, who are fully expecting it,
And bend their bows and crossbows,
And shoot with their espringalls,
And keep themselves equally ready
Both to throw and to hurl.
Summoned to the parliament of .Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. UE
ALBA AULA he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached his seal as here shown.
Justiciar with Peter de Mauley (page 126) and
others to try Scots prisoners of war at Newcastle-upon-
Tyne 30 July 1306 ; the King's instructions were
formally read in Court i August, and the prisoners were
summarily executed the same day. He was present
at the Council of Lanercost 23 October 1306 on the
performance of homage by Jacobus Senescallus Scotia,
and died the next year.
Authorities.— Parliamentary Writs, I., 893 ; C.S.D. ; Scot-
land in 1298, Falkirk, 153 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright,
32 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 14,257.
CORD XIII.
(23) 3obn le Strange, TLoro of Iknofevm.
(22) Gbomas oc flDulton, loro of £0remont.
(24) •Roger oc fDortimer (of Cbirh). Xor& of
Tiobn It
•f mail, surcoat, ballrick
of his charger the
THIS marche;
!.
ordered in 1276 to prohibit his mm
s or supplies to tl
following year he was summoned to a
in July for militii:
in the first expedition a^ainM
25 March 1282 to plar
the command of
at Rhuddlan in the fo!'
t'urihi-r ordered .?o ' :
the command of
also to attend the .
uiioned to the parliam
:>tember 1283 for the trial of I
Lewelin ; th. June) •
trespasses, and death ot '•
I'.y writ 25 June 1287 ;
^mands of " Roger
,ding thv
duci (Rhys ai
the following month to appe..
a military Council at
.vail. ()'. .
Johans le l;." •
:ary 130
>N he joined in thi
( i 2 l','iin::ipr i bj
attached liis st-al as here sho
.
immoned (uS Jan
H;>
: I.
I'rol!
formed by one " scv\ '••
.
wife
diem
By
'•'•'
JOHN LE STRANGE, LORD OF KNOKYN.
3)ol)n le Strange," lorD of Bnofcpn.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 AND 4 MARCH TO 12 DECEMBER 1309.
SEAL, 1301. — The Baron, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk and
coif of mail, surcoat, ballrick, helm with fan plume, vizor down. On his shield and the caparisons
of his charger the two lyons passant of his arms.
S' : IOHANNIS L€ STRAVNGG€.
THIS marcher lord took a very prominent part in
resisting the Welsh incursions. He was
ordered in 1276 to prohibit his vassals from furnish-
ing provisions or supplies to the rebels, and in the
following year he was summoned to attend the muster
at Worcester in July for military service in person
in the first expedition against Lewelin. Ordered
25 March 1282 to place himself and his forces under
the command of Rogerus de Mortuo Mari and to
muster at Rhuddlan in the following August, being
further ordered 30 October to place himself under
the command of Rogerus Extraneus (Le Strange) ;
also to attend the muster at Montgomery May 1283.
Summoned to the parliament at Shrewsbury
30 September 1283 for the trial of David, brother of
Lewelin ; the writ (28 June) recites the misdeeds,
trespasses, and death of Lewelin.
By writ 25 June 1287 he was enjoined to
obey the commands of " Rogerus Extraneus " com-
manding the expedition against Resus filius Mere-
duci (Rhys ab Maredudd, i.e. ap Meredyth), and in
the following month to appear equis et armis at
a military Council at Gloucester, before Edmund,
Earl of Cornwall. On 14 November 1287 and again
30 November 1288
he was enjoined to re-
side on his demesnes
and lordships until
the rebellion of
Resus should be put
down. Ordered 6 De-
cember 1287 to obey
the commands of
Peter Corbet, "Cus-
tos" of (Lampader)
Lampeter.
Excepted 14 June 1 294 from the general summons
for the King's expedition into Gascony. Ordered to
attend the muster at London July 1297 for service
in person equis et armis in parts beyond the seas.
The King embarked for Flanders 22 August.
Summoned to Parliament 29 December 1299 as
Johanni Extramo. Served in the wars with the Scots,
and was summoned to attend musters at Carlisle, York,
Berwick upon-Tweed, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne
1 299- 1 3 1 o. Was one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock
Castle ii July 1300.
Johans le Eftrange le ot livree
Rouge o deuz blans lyons paflans.
John le Estrange had it coloured
Red, with two white lyons passant.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE
CNOKIN he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part
as on the part of the " Communitas " of England, and
attached his seal as here shown.
Sir John was serving at Berwick-upon-Tweed
Midsummer 1303, and was on foray in Nithsdale
with other knights against Brus, February to May 1307.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation in Westminster Abbey 25 February 1 307-8.
Had licence to castellate his house at Middle, in
Salop, i Ed. II.
Proffered the service of half a knight's fee, per-
formed by one " serviens " with one barded horse, for
the muster at Tweedmouth 18 September 1310.
Inquisition at Berwick-upon-Tweed (writ of diem
dausit extremum 8 August 3 Ed. II. 1309), his son
John, aged 27 or thereabouts, and Matilda his wife
then living. Inquisition at Berwick (writ of diem
clausit extremum 6 February 4 Ed. II. 1310-11). By
the Shropshire inquisition taken Saturday after the
feast of St. Matthias it was found that John his son
was 14 years of age and Isolda his wife then living.
* The name according to Glover, Somerset Herald, was
given to Guy, the younger son of the Duke of Bretaigne, on
the occasion of a joust held at Castle Peverell, temp. Hen. I.
He, being a foreigner, was called Guy le Strange, extraneus.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 353 ; Par-
liamentary Writs, I., 849; II. div. 3, 1470; C.S.D. ; Roll
of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 16 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of
Seals, British Museum, 6,444.
86
THOMAS DE MULTON.
^2c*3*>>^
De
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 15 MAY 1320.
SEAL, 1301. — The Baron, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk of
mail, surcoat, helm with fan plume, the vizor down. On his shield and the caparison of his
charger, which is also plumed, are the three bars of his arms.
SIGILLVM THOM€ D€ MOVLTON.
THIS feudal lord possessed the baronies or
lands of Multon, in Lincolnshire, and of
Egremont and Cockermouth, in Cumberland ; served
in the wars in Wales and Scotland.
At the assize before John de Vaux and other
justices itinerant at Carlisle on the morrow of All
Souls 1278 the jury say that Thomas de Multon of
Egremont holds that manor with the barony of
Coupeland of the King as one fee. And that,
Thomas de Multon of Egremont within Coupe-
launde has return of writs and holds pleas ad namio
vetito and takes wreck of sea everywhere in his lands
and has gallows in his lands and takes fines of assize
of bread, &c., and he and his ancestors have so had
it from the Conquest.
Summoned to perform military service in person
in the second Welsh invasion and to attend the
musters at Worcester in May and at Rhuddlan in
August 1282 (also in May 1283 at Montgomery),
when he acknowledged the service of one knight's
fee, held by barony for which he makes fine; per-
formed by two " servientes." Summoned to the
parliament of Shrewsbury 30 September 1283 for
the trial of Uavid, brother of Lewelin ; the writ
(28 June) recites the misdeeds, trespasses, and
death of Lewelin. Father and son were summoned
to appear equis et armis at a military Council at
Gloucester before Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, July
1287.
As Thomas de Multon of Gillesland was con-
temporary with Thomas of Egremont, and perhaps
with Thomas of Coupland also, the Editor of the
Parliamentary Writs observes that the allocation of
the respective entries is at times conjectural, so that
great care should be observed in accepting the appro-
priation of events, &c., relating to this name.
Father and son probably served in the wars with
the Scots, one or other was summoned to attend
musters at Norham (1291), Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
York, Carlisle, Berwick-upon-Tweed, and at Rox-
burgh, across the border, 1291-1319. Thomas, the
father, died in 1294; his son Thomas fought at the
battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and was one of the
besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
Acompainiez a eel gent
Thomas de Moultone fe fu,
Ky avoit baner e escu
De argent, o treis barres de goulys.
In company with these people
Was Thomas de Multon,
Who had a banner and shield
Of silver, with three bars gules.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as U'N'S. DE EGREMONT
he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12
February) by the Barons, as well on their part as on
the part of the " Communitas " of England, and
attached his seal here shown.
Ordered 14 November 1297 to place himself
under the command of Robert de Clifford (see
THOMAS DE MULTON.
page 93), on 20 January 1303 under John de
Segrave (see page in), the King's lieutenant in
Scotland, and 5 April 1306 under Henry de Percy,
the King's lieutenant and captain in Cumberland and
Galloway (see page 43).
Empowered 14 June 1303 to raise the forces
of the counties of Cumberland and Westmorland
and in Annandale and the marches against the
Scots, who have raided in great force Annandale and
Lidderdale and elsewhere on the marches behind the
King and his army, which are beyond the Forth.
Commissioner of Array in the liberty of Egremont
1 8 February 1307 ; ordered 24 February to levy 160
men from his liberty of Egremont to go in pursuit of
Bruce. In the following May his four esquires are
reported at Glentrool on raid after Bruce.
Summoned (18 January) to the King's Coronation
in Westminster Abbey 25 February 1307-8.
Commanded 26 October 1309 to repair to his
demesnes in the marches in order to defend them
against the Scots. Earnestly requested (2 August)
to attend the muster at Berwick 8 September 1310 ;
proffered the service of one knight's fee, performed by
one knight and two " servientes," with two barded
horses, for the muster at Tweedmouth 10 September.
Commanded 20 February 1313 to continue resident
in his country (Northumberland) for the defence
thereof against the Scots, who had retaken Perth.
The battle of Bannockburn was fought 24 June
1314. Commanded 6 January 1315 to assist the
"Custodes " in defending the counties beyond Trent
against the Scots, who were about to invade Durham
and besiege Carlisle. Requested 30 August to con-
tinue stationed in the northern parts during the
winter campaign.
Commanded 4 January 1317 to repair in person
to his demesnes in Ireland for the defence thereof
against Edward Bruce. This Edward, brother of
Robert I. of Scotland, landed at Carrickfergus
25 May 1315 with 6,000 Scots, was crowned King of
Ireland 2 May 1316, and joined by his brother
Robert 1316-17, but was defeated and slain at
Tagher, near Dundalk, 1 4 October 1 3 1 8 (see page xliv).
As one of the " Majores Barones " he was in-
formed 10 June 1318 that the summons to meet in
parliament had been revoked by reason of the
invasion of the Scots. Obtained his writ of scutage
26 April 1320. Requested 21 April 1321 to refrain
from attending any illegal confederacies or assemblies
in the Welsh marches, and 1 2 November ordered to
abstain from attending the meeting of '' Good Peers,"
illegally convened by the Earl of Lancaster, to be held
at Doncaster.
Authorities. — Dignity of a I'eer, 4th Report, 350; Par-
liamentary Writs, I., 753 ; II. div. 3, 1209 ; C.S.U. ; Scotland
in 1298, Falkirk, 141 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, e<i. Wright, 3 ;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 6,245.
ROGER DE MORTIMER.
iRoger De Sgorttmet,
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 15 MAY 1321.
SEAL, 1301. — Three bars and a false escocheon ermine, on a chief a palet (usually paly)
between two esquires. The shield suspended from a trifurcated bough ; on either side a lyon
passant guardant.
. . . . Dl€ : MORTVtO ...... Dl€ : P€NK€TLYN %
ROGER DE MORTIMER, of Chirk [brother
of Edmund (son of Roger), Lord of Wigmore
(page 39)], guardian to Llewelin, younger son of
Griffith ap Madoc, to whose part the lordship of
Chirke fell, so guarded his ward that he never
returned to his possession, and obtained these lands
for himself by charter (Pmvel). The brothers were
drowned in the Dee. Edward I. made all the lands
between Llewelyn's principality and his own earldom
of Chester, march-ground — the new marcher lordship
of Chirk.
He and his brother are said to have enticed
Lewelin to his death in 1282. Summoned toper-
form military service in person against the Welsh,
and to attend the muster at Montgomery May 1283.
Ordered 16 July 1287 to raise 400 foot soldiers from
his lordships to march against Resus filius Mereduci
(Rhys ab Maredudd, i.e. ap Meredyth), of Ystrad
Towy ; enjoined 14 November following and again
30 November 1288 to reside on his demesnes and
lordships until the rebellion of Resus be put down.
Excepted 14 June 1294 from the general summons
to serve with the King's expedition into Gascony ;
raised men-at-arms and foot soldiers in 1294, and
(1297) became joint-governor of Bourg and Blaye on
the recapture of those towns.
Served in the wars with the Scots. Summoned
to attend musters at Carlisle, York, Berwick-upon-
Tweed, and at Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1299-1319.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and
was one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle
ii July 1300, he and William of Leybourne being
conductors and guardians of Prince Edward.
E puis Rogiers de Mortemer,
Ki, deca mer dela mer,
A porte quel part ke ait aid
L'efcu barre au chief pale,
E les cornieres gyronnees,
De or e de afur enluminees,
O le efcuchon vuidie de ermine.
And next Roger de Mortimer,
Who on both sides the sea
Has borne wherever he went
A shield barry, with a chief paly,
And the corners gyronny,
Emblazoned with gold and with blue,
With the escutcheon voided of ermine.
ROCEK DE MORTIMER.
89
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE
PKNKETLYN he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of
England, and attached his seal as here shown.
He quitted the army in Scotland without leave
and his lands were seized.
Justice of Wales in 1308 and 1321 and King's
lieutenant. Commissioner of Array in North and
South Wales 1 309, desired " to thank the Welsh for
their readiness." He ruled all Wales 1307-21;
1315-16 excepted, when he was replaced by John de
Grey as Justice of North Wales, and by William
Martin and Maurice de Berkeley in turn, in South
Wales.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 September 1310.
Proffered the service of three knight's fees for all his
lands in England and Wales, performed by one
knight and four " servientes," with six barded horses,
for the muster at Tweedmouth (lyth).
Raised the siege of Welshpool 1312.
Commanded 24 March 1314 to raise z,coo foot
soldiers from North Wales and 1,000 foot soldiers
from South Wales. On 27 May requested to hasten
the march of his levies from South Wales and the
marches. Fought at Bannockburn 24 June.
Requested 30 August 1315 to continue stationed
in the northern parts during the winter campaign.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he is informed
8 June 1318 of the revocation of the summons to
attend parliament owing to the invasion of the
Scots.
Warden or lieutenant of Ireland 1315. Ordered
6 August 1317 to summon Adam, Bishop of Ferns, to
his presence to justify himself for aiding Edward and
Robert de Brus with counsel, provisions, arms and
men.
Appointed one of the members of the Council
9 August 1318 to be constantly about the King's
person. Obtained his writ de scvtagio 28 October
1320.
As one of the great men who had confederated
against the Despencers he obtained a pardon
20 August 1321 for all homicides, robberies, felonies,
trespasses, &c., committed in the " pursuit " ; and
also for fourteen of his followers.
Ordered 12 November 1321 to abstain from
attending the meeting of the " Good Peers " illegally
convened by the Earl of Lancaster to be held at
Doncaster. Peremptorily summoned 28 November
to repair to the King at Cirencester to give informa-
tion concerning Wales. Being in arms against the
King and having attacked and burned the town of
Bridgenorth, the sheriffs throughout England are
commanded 15 January 1322 to arm and raise the
" posse comitatus " against him and his confederates.
An adherent of the Earl of Lancaster at the battle
of Boroughbridge 17 March 1321-2. Mortimer and
his nephew appeared before Edward II. at Shrews-
bury on Friday 22 January 1322, acknowledged their
misdeeds and submitted entirely to the King's will.
A letter of Privy Seal containing the news was
immediately transmitted to the Mayor and citizens of
London. On 14 July certain justices were em-
powered to pronounce judgment upon him, and on
the 22nd the Constable of the Tower was directed to
bring the prisoner before the justices. The sentence
of death passed upon him was the following month
commuted to perpetual imprisonment. He remained
in the Tower four years and a half. His nephew
Roger escaped from the Tower.
On the accession of Edward III. his estates were
restored and the judgment against him reversed.
Reappointed Justiciary of Wales. Died 3 August 1326,
buried in the Abbey of Wigmore.
Authorities. Parliamentary Writs, I., 75O;II.iliv. 3, I2OI ;
C.S.D. ; Ardweologia, xxi., pt. I, 223; Scotland in 1298,
Falkirk, 145 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 19 ;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 11,968.
CORD XIV.
(26) "Robert ^e Clifford Castellan of Bpplebp.
(25) Milliam oc Cantelupe, Xorb of IRavenstfoorpe.
(28) »r$an Jfits aian, lorfc of Bebale.
(27) iHicbolas be Carcw, 1Lor& ot
i.\obm
£lifforc anus DC
Si
annulet, the lc$c
tnd a
,. fi,.,
>ont
S' R-OB€ RTI- D€C LIF ORT.
FIFTH feud* lot
Bar
of liis tini'
the death
inherited Brougham
ditary sht
mother, Isabel
he was enfeoffi
.
•rlher with the
A(
•inetl on hi^
muster at Rhud
expedition again
of Wales.
Summoned !
1297 for >
embarked for Fk
of 01.
•
isrust
forests north of Tre 305.
veil in the. vjirs with t.
•end mus!
Tweed, N
- the border i
to keep the ma-che*. with i i
500 foot s . welve months alter, in
junction with :
and "justify" all dis'.uiLers of the !
land or their asrttets. Thi
: of
that
tmorland
him
page 43). Enjoined
3). On 18 October
uish
>f i",
inter.
•i the
i
.
Fought at the ha; .Ikirk
i " ferram pomele
1 1 July 1300,
King as a reward <>f his
M»dr a successful raid ir
Percy (*
.itcmber to place hir
>' (Rg'
e de
O ui"
connoie
•f he ! knows
His i jured ba-
i a vermilion 1\
[I 1 A; i\ a \nung maiden
I would give him my heart and ptr
ROKEKT DE CLIFFORD, CASTELLANUS DE APPLEBY.
93
iRobcrt DC CltfforD, Castellanus Uc
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 26 NOVEMBER 1313.
SEAL, 1301. — Chequy and a fess. The shield within a size-foyle, on each the Vipont
annulet, the legend divided by the lobes.
Si n
IV
FIFTH feudal lord of his line, one of the greatest
Barons and one of the most active soldiers
of his time. He succeeded to the Clifford lands on
the death of his grandfather in 1286, and in 1291
inherited Brougham Castle, together with the here-
ditary shrievalty of Westmorland in right of his
mother, Isabel Vipont; although within age, in 1282
he was enfeoffed of the manor of " De Novo Loco."
Acknowledged the service of one knight's fee
performed on his behalf by two " servientes " at the
muster at Rhuddlan in August 1282, in the second
expedition against the Welsh under Lewelin, Prince
of Wales.
Summoned to attend a muster at London July
1297 for service in parts beyond the seas ; the' King
embarked for Flanders 22 August. A Justice of the
forests north of Trent 1297-1305.
Served in the wars with the Scots. Summoned
to attend musters at Carlisle, York, Berwick-upon-
Tweed, Newcastle- upon-Tyne, and at Roxburgh
across the border 1299-1314. Appointed 2nd April
1296 to keep the marches with 140 men-at-arms and
500 foot soldiers, and twelve months after, in con-
junction with Henry de Percy, to arrest, imprison,
and "justify" all disturbers of the peace in Scot-
land or their resetters. They accordingly made a
Robert le Seignour de Cliffort
Le Roi fon bon feignour connoie
Sa baniere mout honouree,
De or e de afur efchequere,
O une feffe vermellette,
Si je estoie une pucellette,
Je li donroie quer e cors,
Tant eft de li bons li recors.
MDRT.
"chavanche" in Galloway on Robert le Brus, who
yielded to their superior force ; and at Carlisle they
received to the peace of the King of England
the Bishop of Glasgow, Robert de Brus, Earl of
Carrick, James the Steward and their followers.
Governor of Carlisle 1297. On 12 July of that
year he was appointed Captain of the garrisons and
fortresses in Cumberland (Governor of Carlisle),
when the men of Cumberland and Westmorland
made a successful raid into Scotland under him
and Henry de Percy (see page 43). Enjoined
24 September to place himself without delay under
the Earl of Surrey (page 3). On 18 October
appointed " Capitaneus " (warden) of the Scottish
marches (Annandale) and of the county of Cum-
berland ; described as " Gustos " 14 November.
Governor of Nottingham Castle 1298. On 25 No-
vember King's lieutenant and " Cheventaigne " in the
counties of Cumberland, Westmorland, Lancaster and
the marches. Warden of Lochmaben Castle and the
valley of Annan. Fought at the battle of Falkirk
22 July 1298, his charger a " ferram pomele." One of
the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July 1 300,
and appointed Keeper, by the King as a reward of his
services.
Robert the lord of Clifford,
The King his good lord knows
His much honoured banner
Chequered with gold and azure,
With a vermilion fess.
If I were a young maiden
I would give him my heart and person,
So good is his fame.
94
ROBERT DE CLIFFORD, CASTELLANUS DE APPLEBY.
On 30 October he was ordered to provide Caer-
laverock, Dumfries, Dalswynton, and Thybres with
men and victuals and to see that the castellans of
these places attack the enemy with all force and
make no truce, under pain of forfeiture to the King.-
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1 ; by writ tested at
La Rose on the preceding 26 September, he was to
cause all the foresters in fee within his bailiwick to
appear in the last-mentioned parliament. As " CAS-
TELLANUS DE APPELBY" he joined in the letter
addressed to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as
well on their part as on the part of the "Communitas "
of England, and attached his seal as here shown.
Ordered 19 June 1302 as " Gustos " of the
bishopric of Durham to place himself under the
command of John de St. John. On 10 October he
engaged to serve the King in Scotland with twenty
horse from Michaelmas to Easter for 200 marks. In the
following year he was concerned in a "chivauchee"
with Sir John de Segrave and Will le Latymer on
their leaving Dunfermline. Served with two knights
and sixteen esquires under John Botetourte, Justiciar
of Galloway, in a foray (9 January 1303-4). He took
part with Percy (captain at Carlisle) and with De
Valence (captain at Berwick) in putting down Brus'
rebellion. Received part of Robert Bruce's English
lands in 1306 and was enfeoffed (26 May) in the
manor of Hert, county Durham ; received Skelton,
&c., in Cumberland, on the forfeiture of Christopher de
Seton (February 1306-7), and Edward I. is said to have
granted him the Scotch lands of William Douglas, a
gift which is said to have driven Sir James Douglas
to ally himself with Bruce. He certainly defended
Douglas Castle against Sir Robert le Bruce and Sir
James de Douglas in the last year of Edward I., 1 306-7.
Ordered to watch Bruce on the Cree, in Galloway,
23 February to 15 March 1306-7. Justiciar of
the forests ultra Trent September 1307. Appointed
3 September 1307 to execute the office of the
Mareschalcy of England, and the next month com-
manded to repair to Scotland with all his forces
for the defence of the country as well as of his own
possessions.
Summoned (18 January) to attend Ed. II.'s Coro-
nation in Westminster Abbey 25 February 1308.
Jousted at the first Dunstable tournament 1308. In
August of that year he and the Earl of Angus were
simultaneously appointed captain and chief " Custos
of all Scotland on either side of the Forth together
with the marches, Galloway, &c.' Specially appointed
in October 1309 "Custos" of the Scottish marches
adjoining Carlisle, and dispatched to Scotland to-
gether with the Earl of Hereford and Essex and
Henry de Beaumont (Bellomonte). Had a grant
of Skipton Castle 1310 in lieu of his claims in the
Vale of Monmouth.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 September 1310.
Appointed 4 April 1311 "Custos" of Scotland south
of the Forth and of the adjoining marches. All the
King's subjects of Northumberland, Cumberland,
Westmorland, and Lancaster' were ordered to attend
and obey him. Sir Nicholas de Vipount and ten
others of his knights lost their chargers in a raid
towards Faringley under Sir Robert.
Joined the baronial party under the Earl of
Lancaster. Summoned to attend the muster at
Carlisle 3 November 1311 with sixty men-at-arms to
perform service in the marches, receiving pay for the
same. He guarded the northern counties against the
probable collusion between Gaveston and Bruce, and
on 4th May 1312 he entered Newcastle-upon-Tyne
with the Earl of Lancaster and a large body of armed
men ; they occupied the town for four days, and
within a fortnight besieged Gaveston in the castle of
Scarborough. Had safe conducts granted him Sep-
tember I3i2-September 1313, and obtained a general
pardon 16 October 1313 as an adherent of the Earl of
Lancaster, for his participation in the death of
Gaveston.
Guardian of Norham Castle. Even with his
eight hundred chosen warriors he failed to relieve
Stirling Castle 23 June 1314, and was slain the next
day at Bannockburn. His executors obtained his
writ of scutage (de scutagid) 21 November 1320.
On 24 September 1314 a tun of wine was ordered
by writ of Privy Seal to be delivered to the executors
of the will of Sir Robert de Clifford, " who is with
God," for the interment of his corpse.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 348 ;
Parliamentary Writs, I., 536 ; II. div. 3, 687 ; C.S.D. ;
Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 143 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, ed.
Wright, 1 1 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum,
8,666.
5/A' WILLIAM DE CANTELUTE.
Sfliilltam tie Cantelupe.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 5 AUGUST 1308.
SEAL, 1301. — A fess vair between three fleurs-de-lys.*
& S' WILL€LMI D€ CANTILVPO.
SIR WILLIAM CANTELUPE (or Cantelow) is
said to have distinguished himself in Gascony
and in the Scottish wars. Summoned to attend
musters at Carlisle, York and Berwick-upon-Tweed
1299-1308. In 1300 he sent his service in Scotland
for one-tenth of one knight's fee.
E Guillemes de Cantelo,
Ke je par cefte raifon lo,
Ke en honnour a touz tens vescu
FefTe vaire ot el rouge efcu,
De trois fleurs de lis de or efpars
Naiffans de teftes de lupars.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE
RAVENSTHORP he joined in the letter addressed
to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well
on their part as on the part of the " Communitas "
of England, and attached his seal as shown.
On 17 September 1302 he offered two men-at-
arms whom the King begs him to send well mounted
and armed to Scotland with all haste, he to join
the King at Roxburgh April 1303.
Enjoined 20 January 1303 to place himself with
horses and arms and all his forces under the
Excepted from the general summons 14 June
1294 to serve with the King's expedition into
Gascony.
Served at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298;
and was one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle
ii July 1300.
And William de Cantelupe,
Whom I for this reason praise,
That he has at all times lived in honour ;
He had on a red shield a fess vair,
With three fleurs-de-lys of bright gold
Issuing from leopards' heads.
command of John de Segrave, the King's lieutenant
in Scotland; the knights and men-at-arms in Yorkshire
to obey his instructions.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308 and died the next
year.
* The leopards' heads or faces (jessant-de-lis) do not appear
in the seal, possibly an omission <>( the engraver.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 518; II. div. 3,
642 ; C.S.D. ; Archaeologia, xxi., pt. I, 212 ; Scotland in
1298, Falkirk, 147; Roll of Caerlavetock, ed. Wright, 17;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 8,313.
BRYAN FITZ ALAN.
Brpan fits 3Uan,
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 1295 TO 22 JANUARY 1304-5.
SEAL, 1301. — A chimera of four masks, encircled by the legend
g< TOT : CAPITA : TOT : S€NT€NCI€.
BRYAN FITZ ALAN succeeded his father of
the same names before 5 Edward I. 1277, and
in 1286 obtained licence to castellate his house at
Kilwardeby.
Summoned to the muster for service in person
against the Welsh in the second invasion at Worcester
17 May 1282. Commanded July 1287 to appear
equis et armis at a military Council to be held at
Gloucester before Edmund, Earl of Cornwall. Sum-
moned to the muster at Worcester 21 November
1294. To muster in London July 1297 for service
beyond the seas. The King embarked for Flanders
22 August. Warden of the castles of Forfar, Dundee,
Jedburgh, and Roxburgh in 1290-2 ; an associate to
the Guardians of Scotland 13 June 1291, pending the
decision of the competitorship, " done opposite Nor-
ham Castle."
On 5 August 1297 he raised an objection against
undertaking the government of Scotland for a less sum
than the Earl of Warenne. Was present at Brechin
Le beau Brian le filz Aleyn,
De courtoifie e de honnour pleyn,
I vi o baniere barree,
Ue or e de goules bien parde ;
Dont de chalenge eftoit li poinz
Par entre li e Hue Poinz,
Ki portoit tel ne plus ne meins,
Dont merveille avoit meinte e meins.
10 July 1296 when John
Balliol submitted to Ed-
ward.
Served against the
Scots. Summoned to
attend musters at New-
castle - upon - Tyne, Car-
lisle, York and Berwick-
upon-Tweed 1297-1303.
" Capitaneus," 12 July
1297, of the garrisons and fortresses in Northum-
berland (Roxburgh, Jedburgh and others) and of
the marches adjoining. Enjoined 24 September
following to place himself and his forces under the
command of the Earl of Surrey. The Knights and
" Valetti " raised from the counties of Nottingham
and Derby were ordered to assemble under his
command. Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July
1298, and was one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock
Castle ii July 1300.
The handsome Brian Fitz Alan,
Full of courtesy and honour,
I saw there with his well-adorned banner,
Barry of gold and red ;
Which was the subject of dispute
Between him and Hugh Pointz,
Who bore the same neither more nor less,
At which many marvelled, man and woman.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE
BEDALE he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of Eng-
land, and attached his seal as shown — perhaps, as a
protest against the use of his arms by Hugh Pointz
(seepage 154).
Received the manors of Belestre and Playmalon,
part of the lands of DE Ros of Werke, in the franchise
of Werk in Tyndale, from the Bishop of Durham. He
also had the manor of Ulvyngtone, in Yorkshire,
formerly the heritage of Cecilia, wife of William de
Fenton, who had come to the King's peace after the
first Scotch war.
Enjoined (posthumously) 20 January 1303 to place
himself with all his forces under the command of John
de Segrave, the King's lieutenant in Scotland. He
was also summoned to parliament posthumously.
Died 1302; buried in Bedale Church — Monu-
ment.
THE SEAL.
This interesting device seems to represent a
Nimrod facing all ways, enclosing various animals of
the chace, kaleidoscopically arranged ; in the centre
are indications of a monogram.
From three sides of the device as many exquisitely
engraved human faces in profile are easily seen, and
it is not absolutely impossible to imagine a fourth.
Over the head of the first is a rabbit, one of its
hind quarters forming a helmet ; turn the seal
reversely and the head of the rabbit suggests a
mouse; under the man's chin a pig suggests itself.
In the centre, letters perhaps forming part of
a monogram, may be detected and also a stag or
boar's head with horns, &c., &c. The canting
legend is considered to be the most curious part of
this signet (see "Gentleman's Magazine," April 1812).
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 598; C.S.D. ;
Archreologia, xxi., pt. I, 212; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 137 ;
Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 15 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of
Seals, British Museum, 17,138.
NICHOLAS DE CARREU.
97
tic Carrcu.
NEVER SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT.
SEAL, 1301. — Three lyons passant.
« S' NICHOLAI D€ CARR€V.
NICHOLAS DE CAREW had letters of pro-
tection 22 May 1278,33 he was about to go to
Ireland on the King's service for two years. In
1299 he gave letters of attorney, as he was going
abroad with Aymer de Valence. He was one of the
besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle u July 1300.
Un vaillant home e de grant los
O lui, Nichole de Karru,
Dont meinte foiz orent paru
Li fait en couvert e en lande
Sur la felloune gent d'Irlande ;
Baniere otjaune bien paflable,
O treis lyouns paffans de fable.
A valiant man of great praise
Was with him,* Nicholas de Carew,
Whose deeds had often been displayed
Both in cover and on the plain
Against the rebellious people of Ireland ;
He had a handsome yellow banner,
With three lyons passant sable.
' John, the good Earl Warcnne.
His services in Ireland, just referred to, would
probably be remembered on his reappearance in
Scotland, hence his inclusion in the Lincoln letter,
for, although he was not summoned to the parliament
St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, he joined as
D'N'S. DE MULESFORD in the letter addressed to the
Pope ( 1 2 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of
England, and attached his seal as shown.
He was summoned as from Devonshire to per-
form military service in person against the Scots, and
to attend the muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed on the
Nativity of St. John the Baptist 24 June 1301.
Constable of Bothwell Castle August 1 305.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 521 ; Nicolas'
Synopsis, ^^^n ; C.S.D. ; Roll of Caerlaverock, fd. Wright, 7 ;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 8,351.
CORD XV.
(30) 3obn oe Ibavering, loro of (Brafton.
<-!!)) Matter oe £e\>e, Xoro of Stanorcvc.
(ioo) Matter &e Beaucbamp, TLorfc of Hlccetcr.
( 7'X/« position of t'lis Seal, taken Jrom Series /i, is determined by the tiuiorstwen/
of Series .1. )
(31) Hlan la Zoucbe, Xoro of Hebb? &e la Zoucbe.
3Jolw DC
PAR I
queue fourcht
on cither side flor.
StQILLVM : IOHANNIS : D€ : HAVCRINO.
S" IR JOHN i
Northan. hard, of
ij Kin it'll ti >pear
on the roll of 1 1 ,
iment of i
•nd as 1 ' N
'X l\C i')i:i
•
mmuiiitas ;.itid,
:r under
Mamc in tl; try Writs : —
'or in '••
Thiru.
at K
in ;
i:t referei.
at \V<
1
^
JOHN DE HAVERING.
101
3Jotw De
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY AND IO APRIL 1299.
SEAL, 1301. — A lyon rampant queue fourchce ; the shield suspended by a trifurcated bough,
on either side floral decoration.
* SIGILLVM : IOHANNIS : D€ : HAV6RING.
SIR JOHN DE HAVERING, of Grafton,
Northants, 1271-2 (son of Richard, of Stan-
bridge, Hants). Knighted by Edward I., whom he
accompanied to Scotland ; his name and arms appear
on the roll of the battle of Falkirk'22 July 1298.
He was summoned to the parliament of Lincoln,
St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S.
HE GRAFTON he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached his seal as shown.
The following entries among others appear under
his name in the Parliamentary Writs : —
Assessor and Collector in Wiltshire of the
Thirtieth granted by the counties south of Trent, tested
at Rhuddlan 28 February, n Ed. I. 1283. As a
justice of North Wales 1297 he was empowered to
raise forces from various parts of North Wales and
the marches. In 1298 he was Commissioner of Array
in the parts of Snowdon. In 1305 appointed to
receive and answer all petitions presented by the
people of Gascony in the parliament at Westminster
which could be answered without reference to the
King.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 356; Nicolas'
Synopsis, 768/7; Parliamentary Writs, I., 66l ; Scotland in
1298, Falkirk, 149; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, Uritish
Museum, 10,588.
102
WALTER DE TEYE.
Walter &e Cepe.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARV 1298-9 TO 26 AUGUST 1307.
SEAL, 1301. — On a fess between two chevronels three pierced mullets. The shield decorated
on either side by a wingless wyvern, with floreated tail.
IS' WALTERI : D€ : T€Y€ : DNI : D€ : ST€YNGR€YV€ :] See page xxxiij.
COUNTER SEAL. — On a shield the arms as in the seal encircled with the legend
SIGILL : WALT€RI : D€ : T€Y€.
CONSTANTLY employed in the Scottish wars.
V — / Summoned to attend musters at York, Carlisle,
Berwick -upon-Tweed and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1 298-
1322. Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298.
On 20 November following his people of Westekere
in Eskdale were ordered to obey Simon de Lindeseye,
captain of Eskdale, keeper of Berwick, 30 June 1300.
Summoned July 1297 by special writ to perform
military service in person in parts beyond the seas ;
the King embarked for Flanders 22 August. Though
not summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, he joined as D'N'S. DE
STANDGREVE in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part as
on the part of the " Communitas " of England, and
attached his seal as shown. He was probably of
Stangreve or Steyngreve in right of his wife.
Enjoined 20 January 1303 to place himself with
horses and arms and all his forces under the command
of John de Segrave, the King's lieutenant in Scotland,
who was defeated at Rosslyn 24 February following.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the ceremony
of the King's Coronation in Westminster Abbey
25 February 1308.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 September 1310.
Proffered the service of the third part of one knight's
fee for the Barony of Bedford, performed by one
" serviens " with one barded horse, and to muster at
Tweedmouth 19 September.
Requested 28 May 1311 to proceed with as many
followers as he can against the Scots, who were
preparing to ravage the north. Commanded
4 January 1315 to continue stationed in the marches
for the defence thereof against the Scots. Joint
governor of the city of York with Robert de Hasstang
(page 161) 1317-18. Empowered 16 December 1318
to raise and arm all the men and tenants on his lands
beyond the Trent. The Scots had retaken Berwick
in March, and in May had invaded and burned the
northern parts.
W 'ALTER DE TEYE.
103
Ordered 12 November 1321 to abstain from
attending the meeting of the "Good Peers"
illegally convened by the Earl of Lancaster to be
held at Doncaster. Empowered 6 February follow-
ing to raise as many men-at-arms and foot soldiers
as he can, and to muster at Coventry (28th) to oppose
the rebels or adherents of the Earl of Lancaster.
The battle ot Boroughbridge was fought 17 March.
Included 24 July 1322 as Banneret or Knight, in the
general summons to attend the Great Council at
Westminster, May or June 1324, in which year he
died.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 77O« ; Parliamentary
Writs, I.,86l ; II. div. 3, 1493 ; C.S.D. ; Archa-ologia, xxi.,
pt. I, 218, 219; Scotland in 1298, Kalkirk, 151.
104
WALTER DE BEAUCHAMI\ OF ALCESTER.
OHalter ue Beaudbamp, of aicester.
NEVER SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT.
SEAL, 1301. — A fess between six martlets ; the shield between three lyons of England, "in
allusion to his stewardship of the household," temp. E. I. ; but see also counter seal of Eustace de
Hacche, page 109.
.... ALT€ €LLO CAMPO : D.*
COUNTER SEAL.— Arms as in the obverse.
+ S' WALT'I : D€ : B€LLO CAMPO.
\ T J ALTER UE BEAUCHAMP, of Alcester, by
VV purchase (a moiety) 56 Hen. III. 1272, a
younger son of William Beauchamp, 5th feudal baron
of Elmley
He was one of those Knights who performed part
of the military service due from W. de Bellocampo,
Earl of Warwick, in the first expedition against
Lewelin, Prince of Wales, at the muster before the
Constable (page n)and Earl Marshal (page 15), at
Worcester July 1277.
Ordered 18 October 1294 to relieve the Castle ot
Puis i ot Wallers de Beauchamp
Sis merlos de or el rouge champ,
O une feffe en lieu de dance.
Chivallier, felon ma evidance,
Uns des mellours fuft entre touz,
Se il ne fuft trop fiers e eftouz,
Mes vous ne ourez parler james
De fenefcal ki ne ait une mes.
Bere, and in case of failure to join the forces at
Chester. Paymaster (3 October 1295) of the military
tenants serving in Gascony under Edmund, Earl of
Lancaster. Constable of Gloucester Castle 1297.
Served in the Scottish wars, fought at the battle
of Falkirk 22 July 1298. Summoned as a baron to
perform military service in person against the Scots,
to muster at Carlisle June 1297 and again June 1300.
One of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle u July
following.
Next, Walter de Beauchamp bore there,
Six martlets of gold in a red field,
With a fess instead of a dancette.
A knight, according to my opinion,
One of the best among them all,
If he had not been too rash and daring ;
But you will never hear anyone speak
Of the Seneschal but there is a but.
DM I : D€ : ALC€STR€ according to Lancaster Herald, page xxxiij.
WALTER HE nEAUCHAMP, OF ALCESTER.
105
In 28 Ed. I. 1300 he obtained a grant of free
warren in all his demesne lands at Alcester, in War-
wickshire, and also at Powyck, in Gloucestershire.
Strwardof the King's household 1296, 1300 and 1302.
Although he was not summoned to the parliament
of Lincoln, St. Hilary 13 20 January 1300, he joined
as WALT'US DE BELLOCAMPO, D'N'S. AI.ECESTR,' in the
letter addressed to the Pope (12 February) by the
Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
" Communitas " of England. He died 14 Cal Martij
(16 February) 31 Ed. I. 130!}.
By writ at Lanercost 18 October 1306 it was
ordered that his son's (Walter) lands, goods and
chattels in the county of Worcester be seised at the
King's hands and his body to be arrested, he having
absented himself from the King's army in Scotland
without licence. On 23 January following the
escheator was ordered to restore his lands to him.
He served at the battle of Boroughbridge 1 7 March
1321-2. Styled Marescallus Regis ; when Stephen
Segrave, constable of the Tower, was committed to
his custody November 1323, styled Marescallus
Hospicij 1324. — Parliamentary Writs, iv., 515.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 353-6 ;
Nicolas' Synopsis, 76;«; Parliamentary Writs, I., 459 ; Archa.-o-
logia, xxi., pt. I, 221 ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 149 ;
Roll of Caerlavcrock, ed. Wright, 13; Dr. Birch's Catalogue
of Seals, British Museum, 7,271.
io6
ALAN LA ZOUCHE.
2Uan la
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 26 NOVEMBER 1313.
SEAL, 1301.— Ten roundles pileways 4, 3, 2, i. The shield, which is suspended over the
neck of a demy lyon rampant, is enclosed by a cordon of lyoncelles passant, in allusion to the
arms of Ella, his mother, daughter and co-heiress of Stephen de Longespee, justiciary of Ireland
temp. Hen. III.
^ SIGILLVM : ALANI : LA : SOVCH€.
ALAN LA ZOUCHE, of Ashby-de-la-Zouche,
in Leicestershire, and North Molton, Devon,
held lands also in Ireland and in several other English
counties. Served heir to his grandmother Elena
(de Quincy) in her Scottish estates ; his lands of Dreg-
horn and Irvine, in Ayrshire-, were taken into the
King's hands, as he had neglected to do military
service, but were restored 2 February 1300-1.
Excepted 14 June 1294 from the general sum-
mons to serve with the King's expedition into Gas-
cony. Summoned by special writ July 1297 to serve
in person in parts beyond the seas; to muster at
Sandwich in November and December for service in
Flanders. The King had embarked 22 August.
Summoned to appear equis et armis at a military
Council at Rochester in September and to another
Council or parliament 30 September 1297, before
Edward, the King's son and lieutenant in England.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to attend
musters at Newcastle - upon - Tyne, Carlisle, York,
Berwick - upon - Tweed, and at Roxburgh across the
border 1297-1314. Fought at the battle of Falkirk
22 July 1298. One of the besiegers of Caerlaverock
Castle ii July 1300.
Aleyn de la Souche trefor
Signefiot, ke fust brifans
Sa rouge baniere o befans ;
Kar bien fai ke il a defpendu
Trefour plus ke en bourfe pendu.
Alan de la Zouche treasure
Signified, which sprinkled
His red banner with besants ;
For I know well that he has spent
More treasure than he has suspended in his purse.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE ASHEBY he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Febru-
ary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, and attached
his seal as shown. Summoned (18 January) to attend
the King's Coronation 25 February 1308.
Proffered the service of one knight's fee and a
half, performed by three " servientes " with three
barded horses, to muster at Biker 28 October 1310.
In 1311-12 governor of Rockingham Castle and
steward of the forest of Rockingham. Dead before
27 August 1314.
Authorities.— -Parliamentary Writs, I., 916; II. div. 3,
1646; C.S.D. ; Archseologia, xxi., pt. I, 210; Scotland in
1298, Falkland, 133 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, ect. Wright, 22 ;
Dr. Kirch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 14,677.
CORD XVI.
(33) Eustace, Xor£> of Ibaccbc.
(32) William flbartfn, Oloro of Ikemeps.
(30) 3obn, Xoro of Seorave.
(35) William oe jfcrrcrs, Xort» of <5rob^.
(34) iRobcrt be (Tonp, TLorb of HDaub's Caetlc.
€u0tace De foacclic.
Sb'V
•
sprigs fructed with t.
& SIGILLVM 6VSTACHII D€
'.. — The engrailcil
i that of VValtc-r cie Heauchamp, pa-c .
S' 6VSTACHII Cf
E
obtained a chari
lands at Hac<
and i
1 equis et arm:
•
ilic.
Jau s rouge en
•
Sllll :
joine<.
•
EUSTACE />/• HACCHE.
109
Custace tie
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 22 JANUARY 1304-5.
SEAL, 1301. — A cross engrailed ; the shield suspended from a trifurcated bough, and between
two sprigs fructed with trefoyles.
9! SIGILLVM : €VSTACHII : D€ : HACCH6.
COUNTER SEAL. — The engrailed cross, the shield between three lyons passant guardant
as in that of Walter de Beauchamp, page 104.
« S' 6VSTACHII : D€ * : HACH€.
EUSTACE DE HACCHE appears, so it is said,
in the capacity of a menial servant in the
King's household 7 Ed. I., 1279, at which time he
obtained a charter of free warren for all his demesne
lands at Hacche, in Wiltshire, and at Morton- Marhull
and Cestreton, in Warwickshire.
Governor of Portsmouth 1294, and accompanied
the Earl of Lancaster in the expedition into (iascony.
Summoned equis et armis to serve in parts beyond the
seas, to muster at London July 1297. In this year
he had a further summons to attend the King at
Carlisle, thence to proceed against Robert Bruce, who
had assumed the sovereignty of Scotland.
Served in the wars with the Scots. Summoned to
attend musters at Carlisle, York and Berwick-upon-
Tweed 1299-1305 ; fought at the battle of Falkirk
22 July 1298, where his charger, a bay with a white
hind foot, was killed. He was also one of the
besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
Baniere bel apparellie,
Jaune o crois rouge engreelie,
La Eustace de Hache eftoit.
A banner well ornamented,
Yellow with a red cross engrailed,
Was that of Eustace de Hache.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as DVs. DE HACCH' he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope ( 1 2 February)
by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of
the " Communitas " of England, and attached his
seal as here shown.
* Dela Hacche according to Lancaster Herald, see page xxxiv.
A gentleman-at-arms of " Madame la Reyne '
i February 1303-4. Died 1306.
Parliamentary Writ's, I., 652; C.S.D. ; Scot-
land in 1298, Falkirk, 147 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, e<t. Wright,
14 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 10,340.
no
WILLIAM MARTIN.
CSJtlltam
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 2^ JUNE 1295 -IO 6 MAY 1325.
SEAL, 1301. — Two bars -the legend within a wavy ornamental border.
>fc S' WILL'I MARTINI %
WILLIAM MARTIN, of Kemeys, co. Pem-
broke, and of Barnstaple, in Devon
(/ Nicholas), succeeded to the lands of Nicholas, his
grandfather, in 1282.
Summoned to serve in West Wales, to attend the
musters at Carmarthen in December 1282 and in May
1283. Summoned also to the parliament at Shrews-
bury 30 September following for the trial of David,
brother of Lewelin; the writ (28 June) recites the
misdeeds, trespasses and death of Lewelin. Enjoined
14 November 1287 to reside on his demesnes and
lordships until the rebellion of Resus filius Mereduci
(Rhys ab Maredudd, i.e. ap Meredyth) should be put
down, and again 30 November 1288 for the purpose
of defending them against Resus.
Summoned to serve in Gascony, to attend the
muster at Plymouth November 1295, and to serve
in parts beyond the seas July 1 297 ; the King embarked
for Flanders 22 August.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to
attend musters at York, Carlisle, Berwick-upon-
Tweed, Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1298-1322. Fought
at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE CAMESIO he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Febru-
ary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, and attached
his seal as here shown.
Appointed in 1305 to treat with the Scottish
representatives concerning the government of the
land. Excused from attendance in Parliament 1307,
as a justice of Trailbaston.*
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308.
Required 5 August 1309 (and again in 1310) to
raise 200 soldiers from his lordships of Kemmeys
and Denet. One of the fifteen " Ordainers " chosen
by the Committee of six, sworn with the others in
* At the close of Edward's reign lawless bands of " trail-
bastons," or club men, maintained themselves by general
outrage, aided the country nobles in their feuds, and wrested
money and goods by threats from the great tradesmen. — Green.
the Painted Chamber 20 March 1310. Earnestly
requested (2 August) to attend the muster at Berwick-
upon-Tweed 8 September 1310.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he was in-
formed June 1318 of the revocation of the summons
for the meeting of parliament by reason of the invasion
of the Scots. One of the auditors of petitions from
Gascony, Ireland, and the Norman isles in the
parliament at Westminster October 1320.
Ordered 12 November 1321 to abstain from attend-
ing the meeting of the "Good Peers" illegally con-
vened by the Earl of Lancaster to be held at Doncaster.
Enjoined 6 February following to raise as many men-
at-arms and foot soldiers as he can ; and to muster
at Coventry on the 28th to march against the rebels
or adherents of the Earl of Lancaster. The battle
of Boroughbridge was fought 17 March 1322.
Commanded 27 November 1322 to assemble as
many men-at-arms as he can over and above his
usual train and to be ready to proceed against the
Scots in case of invasion. On 10 December follow-
ing ordered to march to York at the head of his men-
at-arms ; 18 April 1323 commanded to provide pack-
saddles for the army should it be decided to dispense
with the wagon train.
One of the Commanders appointed 23 July 1324
to defend the sea shores in the Counties of Cornwall
and Devon ; sworn as keeper by the Bishop of Exeter
4 August. On the same day he was commanded to
hold himself in readiness to perform military service
in person for the defence of the Duchy of Aquitaine
when he shall be summoned ; and also to raise all the
forces that he can in addition to his contingent due
by tenure.
Writ of diem clausit extremum tested at Wryttele
8 October 13 Ed. II. ; his son William performed
homage and obtained livery of his lands 1 1 November
following.
W.— Parliamentary Writs, I., 729 ; II. div. 3,
1149; Archa-ologia, xxi., pt. I, 221; Scotland in 1298,
Falkirk, 141 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 1 1 ,652.
JOHN DE SEGRAVE.
in
De
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 26 AUGUST I2p6 TO 6 MAY 1325.
SEAL, 1301.— A lyon rampant crowned. The shield suspended from a trifurcated bough;
on either side a garb, in allusion to the arms originally borne by his father and brothers Geoffrey
and Gilbert. See " Some Feudal Coats of Arms."
S' IOH'18 : D€ : S€GRAV€.
JOHN, 2nd Baron (son of Nicholas), did homage
and obtained livery of his lands 10 December
24 Ed. I. Acknowledged the service of one
knight's fee in Scottesden (jure uxoris), performed by
himself and one "serviens," in the first expedition
against Lewelin, Prince of Wales, at the muster at
Worcester July 1277. Summoned to attend the
muster at Rhuddlan August 1282 in the second
Welsh invasion. On the King's service in Ireland
1287 and in Scotland 1291.
Summoned to parliament at Bury St. Edmund's
November 1296 and at Salisbury 24 February 1297,
as also in September following to two military Councils
before Edward, the King's son and lieutenant in
England.
Attached himself to the Earls of Norfolk and
Hereford on the historic occasion when they refused
O un lyoun de argent en sable
Rampant, e de or fin couronne,
Fu la baner del ainfne.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE SEG'AVK he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope ( 1 2 February)
by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of
the " Communitas " of England, and attached his
seal as here shown.
Lieutenant of the Earl Marshal in the Scottish
wars 1300-1301 ; on 30 October 1300 he was
ordered in this capacity to provide Roxburgh, Edin-
burgh, Linlithgow, Stirling, and Kirkintilloch (Kirken-
tolawe) with men and victuals and to see that the
castellans of these places attack the enemy with all
force and make no truce under pain of forfeiture.
Warden of Berwick Castle 5 August. Agreed Septem-
ber 1302 with others to make forays from Berwick
to serve in Gascony unaccompanied by Edward.
Attended by proxy (on the plea of sickness) the
muster for service with the King beyond sea at
London i July 1297. The King embarked 22 August.
Summoned to serve in Flanders in November following.
Covenanted with the marshal to serve with five other
knights in war and in peace for the rest of his life in
England, Wales, and Scotland, for pay and lands ;
obtained a grant of the Earl's manor of Ledene, in
Norfolk.
Received letters of protection 28 December 1297,
served in the Scottish wars, and was summoned to
attend musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Carlisle, York,
Berwick-upon -Tweed, at Roxburgh, across the border,
1297-1322. Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July
1298. Governor of Berwick, and was one of the
besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
Sable with a silver lyon
Rampant, crowned with fine gold,
Was the banner of the eldest (see p. 190).
when necessary with thirty men-at-arms. On the
29th the foray is ordered to be made by Stirling and
Kirkintilloch. Captain of Northumberland 10 Decem-
ber 1302 ; warden (absent with the King) 14 June
1303. In this year the King expressly charged him
with Clifford and Latymer on their allegiance, with
instructions as to a " chivauchee " from Dunfermline
across Forth to the Torres.
On the first Sunday in Lent 1303 he (with one of
his detachments) was surprised by the Scots, wounded
and captured with twenty other knights; he was,
however, speedily rescued, as another of his detach-
ments appeared on the scene.
Had licence (1301) to crenellate his manor house
of Bratteby, co. Derby, and in 1306 to fortify his
112
JOHN DE SEGRA VE.
manor house at Caludon, in Warwickshire, with a
moat and embattlements.
Warden of Lothian and guardian south of Forth
1304, King's lieutenant in or warden of Scotland
1302-5. Served at the second siege and surrender of
Stirling 20 July 1304. Published the prorogation of
parliament 24 May 1305. Escorted Wallace a
prisoner to London ; chief justiciar for his trial
22 August.
Governor of Nottingham Castle (attacked and
besieged by the towns-people April 1315) and justice
of the Forests citra Trentam 1307-10 and 1312.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation at Westminster 25 February 1307-8.
Commanded 6 October 1309 to arrest the
Templars in Scotland who were still at large. On
the 26th all the King's lieges and others of the
County of Northumberland were required to assist him.
Gustos or warden on either side of the Forth 1309,
reappointed 10 April 1310 with 100 men-at-arms,
his headquarters to be at Berwick till Michaelmas next,
doing all the injury he can to the enemy. Appointed
warden of Annandale and the valleys and land around
for a year from 28 October with 60 men-at-arms.
By writ tested at Biker i October 1310 he
surrendered up his justiciarship of the forests citra
Trentam and was commanded to deliver up all rolls,
memoranda, &c., to Gaveston, Earl of Cornwall ;
incensed by this deprivation he joined the Barons.
Commanded 15 June 1311 to abstain from repairing
to Norwich for the purpose of taking a part in the
quarrel between Henry de Segrave and Walter de
Bernyngham. Taken prisoner at Bothwell Castle
after the battle of Bannockburn 1314, and so remained
until about 20 November, when Thomas de Morram,
a prisoner in the Tower, was ordered to be exchanged
for him.
" Gustos " of the marches of Cumberland, August
1313. Amoved February 1315 from the office of
" Gustos " of the forests ultra Trentam, and ordered to
deliver the rolls to the Earl of Angus. Accused by
popular clamour of various acts of oppression and
extortion 8 Ed. II.
The King granted to Cristina, wife of Segrave,
the scutage due 31 Ed. I. for the knight's fees held
by her inheritance (Scottesden) in consideration of
the great hardships she suffered in Scotland while
her husband was in the King's service.
"Custos" of Derby Castle 1315. Requested
30 August 1315 to continue stationed in the northern
parts during the winter campaign. As one of the
" Majores Barones " he is informed that the summons
for the meeting of parliament is revoked June 1318
by reason of the invasion of the Scots. One of the
members of the Extraordinary Council appointed to
be constantly about the person of the King 9 August
1318.
Enjoined 30 January 1321 to refrain from attend-
ing any illegal or treasonable convention; 21 April
to co-operate in appeasing the disturbances and
12 November, to abstain from attending the meeting
of the " Good Peers " illegally convened by the Earl
of Lancaster to be held at Uoncaster. The battle
of Boroughbridge was fought 17 March 1321-2.
Ordered i May 1322 to arm and array the men and
tenants of his lands beyond the Trent.
One of the justices 18 May 1322 for trying
certain townsmen of Cambridge charged with having
joined the great riot against the masters and scholars
of the University. Scotland was invaded 12 August.
Empowered 31 October 1322 to proceed from
township to township in the counties of Nottingham
and Derby (the Wapentake of Newark only excepted)
to raise and arm the inhabitants. On 27 November
commanded to assemble as many men-at-arms as he
can, and 10 December to march to York at their
head. On 21 February following (1323) he was com-
manded to march these levies to Chesterfield to
resist the Scots. In this very month and in March
he is further summoned to serve against the Scots,
and also commanded to raise as many men at-arms
as he can over and above his contingent due by
tenure, and to muster at York and Newcastle. On
1 8 April he was ordered to provide pack-saddles for the
army in case it was decided to dispense with wagon
train.
Became security for his son Stephen, Constable of
the Tower, who had been arraigned for misdemeanour
in negligently permitting the escape of Mortimer
(page 89) ; both became bound for the payment of a
fine of 10,000 marks to the King.
Commanded 4 August 1324 to hold himself in
readiness to perform military service in person for the
defence of the Duchy of Aquitaine, &c., and also to
raise all the forces that he can in addition to his
contingent due by tenure. Summoned 21 November
following to serve in person in Gascony and to
muster at Portsmouth 17 March 1324-5, prorogued
to 17 May and then to 2 August, but finally discharged
therefrom on 10 July; probably because he had been
appointed 1 6 July 1324 joint captain with Fulk Fitz-
Warine of the forces going to Gascony, under Edmund
of Woodstock, Earl of Kent, 1324 ; said to have died
in Aquitaine the following year.
Writ of diem dausit extremum tested at Grensted
4 October, 19 Ed. II., 1325.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 831 ; II. div. 3,
1413; C.S.D. ; Archceologia, xxi., pt. I, 211; Scotland in
1298, Falkirk, 133; Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 5;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 13,396.
WILJ.IAM DE FERRERS.
"3
tie jferrer0<r
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT (DE FERRARIIS) 26 SEPTEMBER 1300 TO 2O FEBRUARY 1324-5.
SEAL, 1301. — The DE QUINCI mascles ; the shield, on the breast of a double-headed eagle,
within a pointed Gothic quatrefoyle.
ft SIGILL' : WILL'I : D6 : F6RARIIS.
WILLIAM FERRERS, of Groby, in Leicester-
shire (fit William, writ of diem clausit extre-
mum 20 December, 16 Ed. I., 1287; /.2 William,
Earl of Derby), was eighteen years of age at his father's
death ; did homage and had livery of his lands in
England 17 March 1292, and of those in Scotland
1295-
Summoned to perform military service in Gascony,
and to attend the muster at Portsmouth, September
1294. Summoned to the parliament at Salisbury
24 February 1297. Letters of "credence" were
addressed to him as a Scottish baron concerning
military service to be performed in parts beyond the
seas, and to muster at London July 1297. To
muster at Sandwich December 1297 for service in
Flanders. The King had embarked 22 August.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to attend
musters at Newcastle - upon -Tyne, York, Carlisle,
and at Berwick-upon-Tweed 1297-1322. Fought,
as one of Sir Hugh le Despencer's knights, at the
battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, when he had a black
charger with a star on his forehead and three white
feet, valued at 70 marks. He was one of the
besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
Guillemes de Ferieres bel
E noblement i fu remez
De armes vermeilles ben armes,
O mafcles de or del champ voidies
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE
GROBY he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part as
on the part of the " Communitas " of England, and
attached his seal as here shown.
His hereditary lands in Galloway were ordered to
be restored 2 February 1300 i ; lord of Leuchars
1301. His lands in Dreghorn were taken into the
King's hands, as he failed to render his military
service.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308. Earnestly requested
(2 August) to attend the muster at Berwick 8 Septem-
ber 13 10 and 30 August 1315 to continue stationed
in the northern parts during the winter campaign.
Made a settlement of Groby 19 January 1316-17, on
failure of heirs of his body, on Sir Murdoc de
William de Ferrers was finely
And nobly accoutred,
And well armed in red arms,
With gold mascles voided of the field.
Mentethe. As one of the " Majores Barones " June
1318 he was informed of the revocation of the
summons for the meeting of parliament by reason of
the invasion of the Scots. Obtained his writ of scutage
12 October 1319.
Requested 21 April 1321 to co-operate in appeas-
ing disturbances, and ordered 12 November following
to abstain from attending the meeting of the "Good
Peers " illegally convened by the Earl of Lancaster,
to be held at Doncaster. Enjoined 6 February 1322
to raise as many men-at-arms and foot soldiers as he
can ; on the following day was ordered by commission
to raise the forces of the Counties of Stafford, Warwick,
Leicester, Rutland and Northampton to pursue
and arrest insurgents, and the next day (the 8th)
he was further empowered to raise the forces of
the County of Northampton for the purpose
of pursuing the King's enemies ; and on the i4th to
U4
WILLIAM DE FERRERS
muster at Coventry for the purpose of marching
against the rebels or adherents of the Earl of
I>ancaster. The battle of Boroughbridge was fought
21 March.
In order to oppose the Scots he was commanded
27 November 1322 to assemble as many men-at-
arms as he can over and above his usual train, and
(10 December) to march at their head to York. On
23 February, and again 9 March 1323, he was
ordered to raise as many men-at-arms as he could over
and above his contingent due by tenure, and on
1 8 April he was commanded to provide pack-saddles
for the use of the army in case it was decided to dis-
pense with the wagon train.
Returned by the Sheriff of Leicestershire to
attend the Great Council, Westminster, May 1324.
Commanded 4 August 1324 to hold himself in
readiness for the defence of the Duchy of Aquitaine,
and on 21 December to perform military service in
person in Gascony ; and possibly for this reason he
was discharged from attendance at a Great Council of
the "magnates," to be held at Westminster 14 April
1325. Escheat 18 Ed. II. (1324-5), No. 75.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 596 ; II. cliv. 3,
845; C.S.D. ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 143; Roll of
Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 20 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals,
Tiritish Museum, 9,684.
ROBERT DE TONY, KNIGHT OF THE SWAN.
Robert De Conp, I&mgftt of tlje
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT IO APRIL 1299 TO l6 JUNE 1311.
SEAL,* 1301. — A maunch. The shield within a panel of eight points, in the spaces a talbot
and a swan alternately.
ROBERT DE TONI succeeded on the death of
his father Ralph in 1294 to lands at Flam-
stead in Herts, Kirtling in Cambridge, and Maud
Castle in Colwent, in the marches of Wales.
By writ dated at Westminster 13 July 1297 he was
ordered to raise 100 men from the lordships of Elvel,
Ughmenith and Estmenith.
Served in the Scottish wars, and in 1 298 asked for
protection for his retinue, viz. John Walewyn, parson
of the church of Little Cressingham, and two others
going with him ; 16 August 1301 he received a cask
of red wine at Ayr from Ireland. Summoned to
attend musters at Carlisle, York, Berwick-upon-Tweed
and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1299-1309. Fought at the
battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and was one of the
besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July 1 300.
Blanche cote e blanches alectes,
Efcu blanc, e baniere blanche,
Portoit, o la vermeille manche,
Robers de Tony, ki bien figne
Ke il eft au chevaler au cigne.
A white surcoat and white alettes ;
A white shield and a white banner
Bore, with a red maunch,
Robert de Tony, who well evinces
That he is descended from the Knight of the Swan.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as D'N'S. DE CASTRO MATILL in
the letter addressed to the Pope, 12 February 1300-1,
by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part
of the " Communitas " of England, and attached his
seal as here shown.
By writ dated at Lanercost 18 October 1306 his
lands, goods and chattels in the Counties of Worcester,
* The legend is here photographically enlarged. This is
one of the few Barons' seals unnoticed in the British Museum
catalogue, a catalogue on which the Editor of the Ancestor has
hitherto relied absolutely ; this may be safely inferred not only
by the general avoidance of error, but by the great care he
takes in naming the few slips of the catalogue, as his meed
of gratitude. In lieu of the simple floreated characters of
the legend, "Chevaler al Cing," he all too cleverly suggests
" Chevaler al Mire !" (Ancestor, part 7, p. 250), in illustration,
as it were, of the ancient truism, " it must be a dirty bird that
fouls its own nest " ; see also notes to Tregoz, p. 155 ; Hastang,
p. 161 ; and Nic. de Segrave, p. 189.— J.F.
Essex, Hertford, Middlesex, Cambridge, Huntingdon,
Norfolk and Suffolk, and Hereford and Gloucester
were ordered to be seised at the King's hands and his
body to be arrested in consequence of his having
absented himself from the King's army in Scotland
without licence: In 1308 he was sufficiently restored
to Court favour to be summoned (18 January) to
attend the King's Coronation in Westminster Abbey.
His name appears among those who jousted at the
first 1 )unstable tournament in that year.
On 3 June 1309 he "goes by the King's leave to
serve God against the Sarazyns " in Spain.
Writ of diem clausit extremum tested at La Grove
28 November, 3 Ed. II. (Esc. No. 33), 1309.
Authorities.— Parliamentary Writs, I., 862; It. div. 3,
1498; C.S.D. ; Scotland in 1298, Kalkirk, 145; Roll of
Caerlaverock, id. Wright, 18.
CORD XVII.
(37) aoam, Xoro of Mellea.
(38) Gilbert oc Ipccchc, Xor& of
&Dam &e
:
bough, oi>
SIliGltLJLVM : DlOMINI A D€ DC : W;€L L€.
COUNT* •. lyon in 11:
with a wing!'
-SIGILLVM : AD€ : D€ W€LL€.
DAM 1)1
lev.
in the r-
A;
!el- -i to
to ha('c -i.-r- at
•
•
'
for Flanders •
•
1 double
.In, St. 1 1
i part as on the
attached
part of tl,
-Af, with
•om-
it in
' '3<;; -i.o! land with
ant,
•
jvell
10.
ing's
ry
ADAM DE WELLES.
119
DC
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO l6 JUNE 1311.
SEAL, 1301. — A lyon rampant queue fourchee; the shield suspended from a trifurcated
bough, on either side a floreated sprig.
+ S[I]GI[L]LVM : DtOMINI : AJD€ : D€ : Wt€L]L€.
COUNTER SEAL. — A lyon in miniature as the seal, each side of the shield decorated
with a wingless wyvern.
SIGILLVM : AD€ : D€ : W€LL€.
ADAM DE WELLES, of "Welle Parke," Hel-
lowe, Grimsby, &c., co. Lincoln, said to have
been in the retinue of Hugh le Despencer in the
Gascon wars, 1294. Summoned to perform military
service in person in parts beyond the seas, and to
muster at London July 1297. The King embarked
for Flanders 22 August. Constable of Rockingham
Castle and Warden of the Forest 1299.
Adam de Welle la portoit
Jaune, o un noir lyoun rampant,
Dont la coue en double fe efpant.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE WELLE he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, and attached
his seal as here shown.
Enjoined 20 January 1303 to place himself, with
horses and arms and all his forces, under the com-
mand of John de Segrave, the King's lieutenant in
Scotland ; defeated at Rosslyn 24 February. Com-
manded 18 October 1307 to repair to Scotland with
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to
attend musters at Carlisle, York, Berwick-upon-
Tweed, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1299-1310.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298.
Among the knights appointed January 1300 to raise
the Lincolnshire tenants of the Crown. One of the
besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July.
Adam de Welles bore
Gold, a black lyon rampant,
Whose tail spread itself into two.
all his forces for the defence of the country as well
of his own possessions. Earnestly requested (2 August)
to attend the muster at Berwick 8 September 1310.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation in Westminster Abbey 25 February 1308 ;
died September 1311.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 899; II. div. 3,
1597; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 145; Roll of Caerlaverock,
ed. Wright, 14 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 14,335-
120
GILBERT DE PECCHE.
Gilbert ae
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 3 NOVEMBER 1306 AND 14 MARCH 1321-2.
SEAL, 1301. — A fess between two chevrons; the shield, suspended from a trifurcated bough
and decorated on the exterior by two wingless wyverns.
^ SIGILLtVIM : GILB€RTI : P€CH€ &
COUNTER SEAL. — A diminutive of the seal.
S' GIL€B€RTI : P€CH€.
ILBERT PECHE, of Brunne, in co. Cambridge,
\_J and of Poslingworth and Great Thurlow, in
Suffolk, was third son of another (Sir) Gilbert.
Excepted 14 June 1294 from the general sum-
mons to serve with the King's expedition into Gascony.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to attend
musters at Carlisle, York, and Berwick-upon-Tweed
1299-1322. Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July
1298.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE CORBY he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope ( 1 2 February)
by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of
the " Communitas " of England, and attached his
seal as here shown.
Commanded 18 October 1307 to repair to Scot-
land with all his forces, as well for the defence of the
country in general as of his own possessions in
particular; thanked 20 May 1308 for his fidelity,
and requested to continue stationed in the garrison
in which he then was. His name appears among
those who jousted at the first Dunstable tournament,
1308.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
muster at Berwick 8 September 1310, and 28 May
following to proceed against the Scots with as many
followers as he can raise. Taken prisoner at Bannock-
burn 1314.
Ordered 12 November 1321 to abstain from
attending the meeting of the " Good Peers" illegally
convened by the Earl of Lancaster, to be held at
Doncaster. He died in 1322.
Authorities.— Parliamentary Writs, I., 773 ; II. div. 3, 1267 ;
C.S.D. ; Scotland in 1298, ' Falkirk, 146 ; Dr. Birch's
Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 12,430.
CORD XVIII.
TOlltam pa^ncl, Xoro of Jfraqwton.
( This i'ayiul Seal is doubtfully placed. )
(TO) Simon, Xoro of fbontacute.
, Xort> of
9) peter
annuitant
t martlet ; borclur>
decoratively
>zcnec
oval r
WII.1
hoi-
Sui
the Kin:
ice in :
yugust.
attend mi
•
Thoi: .
slid '
of th
must.
SIGILLVM : WIL6LMI : PAYN€L
th indication
A m;i
- CO . €S : M'VCL : AMI : L€L.
•f an antique
ther.
i the part
attached !.
'imm
ofth
.'5 I
-
andlieir
him by v
oL I., p ,
He died s.p. \ April t.; 'ausit
1 v. it!
Ic Furnivall ti.
III. or Kd. I
\A. I,
SSK WILLIAM PAYNELL.
123
L
SKKilltam
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 12 NOVEMBER 1303 TO 6 OCTOBER 1315.
SEAL, 1 301. — Two bars between eight martlets, " in manner of bordure assis " ; * the lozenge
decoratively enclosed by four wingless wyverns.
% SIGILLVM : WIL6LMI : PAYNCL.
COUNTER SEAL. — A small oval, with indication of a handle. Impression of an antique
oval intaglio gem. A male figure, holding a thyrsus in one hand and .... in the other.
+ CO : €S : M'V€L : AMI : L€L.
WILLIAM PAYNEL,of Fracington, in Sussex.
He was enrolled in 1296 as a knight
holding lands within the Rape of Chichester, in the
County of Sussex, but non-resident in the county.
Summoned September 1297 to appear equis et armis
at a military Council at Rochester before Edward,
the King's son and lieutenant in England, and to
muster at Sandwich November and December for
service in Flanders; the King had embarked
22 AugUSt.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to
attend musters at Newcastle-on-Tyne, York, at
Berwick-upon-Tweed, and Carlisle December 1297
to October 1316.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, he
joined as D'N'S. DE FRACYNGTON in the letter ad-
dressed to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as
well on their part as on the part of the " Com-
munitas " of England and attached his seal as here
shown.
He and his consort were summoned (8th February)
to attend the ceremony of the Coronation in the train
of the King and Queen 25 February 1307-8.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
muster of Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 September 1310,
also 28 May 1311 to proceed against the Scots with
as many followers as he can raise. The battle of
Bannockburn was fought 24 June 1314. He was
ordered 30 August 1315 to continue stationed in the
northern parts during the winter campaign.
His first wife appears to have been Margaret,
wife of John de Camoys, daughter and heir of William
de Gatesden. She was released to him by written
document in the life of de Camoys. Dugdale's
Baronage, Vol.. I., p. 433.
He died s.p. i April 1317. Writ of diem tlausit
extremiini tested at Clarindon 6 April 10 Ed. II. —
John his brother and heir.
This early example of a hatchment-shaped shield
may be compared with a lo/.enge-shaped seal of
Thomas de Furnivall temp. H. III. or Ed. I., see
Additional Charter, 8196 British Museum, or Herald
and Genealogist III. 334-
•In the Nobility Roll of l3lo("Some Feudal Coats. if Ann- ")
his arms are given as: or, a maunch vert. See also John
Paynel, page 148.
Authorities.- Nicolas' Synopsis, 77°": Parliamentary
Writs, I., 769; II. div. 3, 1,255; Arch.vologia, \\i., pi. I,
222; Ur. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 12,422.
S
124
SIMON DE MONTE ACUTO.
A/
De
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 6 OCTOBER 1315.
SEAL, 1301. — Three fusils conjoined. Above the shield, a fortress turreted, masoned and
embattled. On each side thereof, a bird perched on a ragged staff. The shield flanked by
fantastic grylle.
& S' : SIMONIS : DOMINI : D€ : MONT€ : ACVTO.
COUNTER SEAL. — On a small rectangular signet, a gryphon segreant.
SIMON DE MONT ACUTE, of Shepton-Monta-
cute, Somerset (/. William), served in the first
expedition against Lewelin, Prince of Wales ; for the
muster at Worcester ]uly 1277 he acknowledged the
service of one knight's fee for the barony of " Shepton
Montis Acuti," performed by himself and one
"serviens." Served also in the second invasion of
Wales. Ordered in August 1282 to perform service
in West Wales and to muster at Carmarthen in
December 1282 and May 1283. Summoned to the
parliament of Shrewsbury 30 September 1283 for
the trial of David, brother of Lewelin ; the writ
(28 June) recites the misdeeds, trespasses and death of
Lewelin.
Summoned 8 June 1294 with about sixty other
Mes a Symon de Montagu,
Ke avoit baniere e efcu
I >e inde, au grifoun rampant de or fin,
Prenoit la tiers efchiel fin.
" magnates " to attend the King upon urgent affairs,
and excepted (i4th) from the general summons to
serve with the King's expedition into Gascony. He
is said to have broken through the French fleet
blockading Bordeaux 1296, to have revictualled the
town, and raised the siege. Governor of Corfe Castle
1298.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to
attend musters at Carlisle, York, Berwick-upon-
Tweed, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1299-1317.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, the
arms assigned to him by the Falkirk Roll being
those of his seal and counter seal quarterly, one of
the earliest examples of a quartered coat.* One of
the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
But with Simon de Montagu,
Who had a banner and shield
Blue, with a gryphon rampant of fine gold,
The third squadron was brought to a close.
' On the other hand this perhaps too early example of a quarterly coat might afford a clue to the true date of the Falkirk Roll
of Arms.
SIMON DE MONTE ACUTO.
'25
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13 20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DK MONTH
ACUTO he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part as
on Ihc part of the "Communitas " of England, and
attached his seal as here shown.
Captain and Governor of the fleet ordered to put
down the rebels lurking in Scotland and the (Western)
isles between Scotland and Ireland 30 January 1306 7,
and on 16 June following arranged "to maintain a
watch against the rebel Scots, off Canlyreand the isles,
and to have four barges constantly on duty manned
by 100 stout men."
Summoned (18 January) to attend the Coronation
of Edward II. 25 February 1307-8.
Governor of Beaumaris Castle 1308. One of the
Judges (15 May 1309) to try persons guilty of fore-
stalling, &c., in the City of London.
Admiral of the King's fleet (1310) employed against
the Scots. Earnestly requested (8 August) to attend
the muster at Berwick 8 September, also next year
(28 May 131 1) to proceed against the Scots with as
many followers as he can raise. On 30 August 1315
he was ordered to continue stationed in the northern
parts during the winter campaign.
Had licence in 1313 to castellate his manor house
of Perlyngton, in Somersetshire, and was on 2 April
excepted from suits, &c., incurred by his loss of (the
Isle of) Man. He died in 1316.
Authorities.— Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 355; Parlia-
mentary Writs, I., 742 ; II. div. 3, 1 182; C.S.I). ; Arckcologia,
xxi., 216, 217 ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 151 ; Roll of Caer-
laverock, ed. Wright, 17 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals,
British Museum, 11,851.
126
PETER DE MAULEY, THE FOL'RTH.
$eter tie
, t\)t f ourti).
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE I2Q5 TO 12 DECEMBER 1309.
SEAL OF HIS FATHER, 1301.— The Baron, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his
sword. Hauberk of mail, surcoat, helm with fan plume, vizor down. His shield diapered and
charged with a bend. His charger fan plumed, caparisoned as the shield.
S' P€TRI : D€ : MALO : LACV : T€RCII.
COUNTER SEAL. — A shield as on the seal, between three lyons rampant guardant, all encircled
by the legend
%t S€€L : PRIV€ : SVY : AP€L€.
AS each feudal baron of this line was named Peter,
they were for distinction styled numerically.
" Petrus de Malolacu," the first of them, was a native
of Poitiers. For the murder of Prince Arthur, the
rightful heir (jure hereditatis) to the Crown, he
obtained in marriage, as his reward from John the
de facto King, the heiress of the lands of Mulgraye
and Doncaster, in Yorkshire.
Our Peter de Mauley, "the fourth," sealed with
his father's seal in 1301, having had livery of his lands
in 1279, 7 Ed. I. As "serviens" he performed military
service (July 1277) due from H. de Lacy, Karl of
Lincoln, probably in the first Welsh invasion.
Served also in the second Welsh invasion against
Lewelin. Summoned to attend the muster at Worcester
May 1282 and also in August at Rhuddlan, when he
acknowledged the service of two knight's fees per-
formed by himself and one knight. To muster also
at Montgomery 1283, and summoned to the parlia-
ment at Shrewsbury 30 September 1283 for the trial ol
David, brother of Lewelin ; the writ 28 June recites
the misdeeds, trespasses and death of Lewelin. Ordered
also to attend the muster at Worcester November
1294.
Summoned to appear equis et armis at a military
Council at Gloucester July 1287 before Edmund,
Earl of Cornwall. To attend the muster at Ports-
mouth 6 September 1294 and i November 1295 for
service in Gascony.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to attend
the muster at Norham June 1291, at Carlisle, York,
Berwick-upon-T weed and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1299-
1309. Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as PETR' DE MALOLACU, D'N'S.
DE MULGRAVE, in the letter addressed to the Pope
12 February 1300-1, by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached his father's seal as here shown.
Enjoined 20 January 1303 to place himself with
horses and arms and all his forces under the command
of John de Segrave, the King's lieutenant in Scotland,
who was defeated 24 February at Rosslyn, near
Edinburgh.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation in Westminster Abbey 25 February
1307-8.
Writ of diem clausil extremum dated at Langley
25 August (3 Ed. II.) 1310.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 764" ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 731; II. cliv. 3, 1154; Archneologia, xxi., pt. I,
208, 209; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 135; Dr. Birch's
Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 6,198.
CORD XIX.
(54) -Ralph be mev>W, Xorb of
(53) "Kalpb, TLorb of (Brcnbon.
(52) 3obn be fIDobun, Xorb of Dimeter.
(44) •foenrp be pmfwe\>, Xorb of Meebon.
(43) HDatbew Jfits 3obn, Xorb of Stoftenbam.
(42) abomas, Xorb be la "Kocbe.
(56) Ebomae be dbawortbe, lorb of 'ttorton.
(55) -Robert be Scales OLorb of Weweells.
129
IRalpf) DC
'- tire, encircled with the 1
8' RANVLFI : D€ : N€VIL€.
R.I.I., of Raby, ini ! B
of Durham, and of M
shire (/ Robert), app.
".t adjoining townships, o!
1 tirham by the yearly rent of four
led upon St. Cut:
!'.T he tried by all m
as rent into an ann
priory for himself and his companions.
Summoned to H.J.,. -rw/J at a military
Council at Gloucester !uly 1387 b, nund,
Rarl of Cornwall, and S June i >«j4. with about
-." to attend the King upon
urgent affairs. He is ,n the
Gascon wars, and thoiK: . from the
general summons to
he was summoned to a'trnd the mu
mouth i September 1294 for service .
11 as the muster a
Served in the Scottisl- • u
must
held tii :
Roxburgh across tin boi
TK summoned to tl
>'N'S. DK RAIIV in the letter
addressed to tht ljope 12 l-'ebru \ the
, on their j>art as on the part of the
.nd, and attac i
y writs ar.
id 1311. Hi
inanded to ar
iber of the latter year with ten
'n the march;
Commandi
to continue (20 Ke!
country for the defence th
X If
Coi
.in-! 10 I >, • -ember
n his Ian
..r the
50 January 1321 to abstain from attend
and on i
alien ling of the "Good i gaily
I'.arl of I
• r* as he can and
•
•mrjiose >.•<
'
ile" in i ;,
Robert I. of Scotland <
wash- as far as Stainm
with the County of Lancaster, i July i
i 10 June Ralph w.is commanded to
tember to obi ds of the i
nbcrland ma,
King
•iiin. Oil
.vuship in the
S/A> RALPH DE NEVILL.
129
Sir
toe jpettll.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 1295 TO 1 8 FEBRUARY 1330.
SEAL, 1301. — A saltirc, encircled with the legend
® S' RANVLFI : D€ : N€VIL€.
RALPH DE NEVILL, of Raby, in the Bishop-
ric of Durham, and of Middleham, in York-
shire (/ Robert), appears to have held Raby, with
the eight adjoining townships, of the Prior of
Durham by the yearly rent of four pounds and a
stag to be presented upon St. Cuthbert's Day in
September ; the latter he tried by all means to change
from a fee payable as rent into an annual feast at the
priory for himself and his companions.
Summoned to appear equis et armis at a military
Council at Gloucester July 1287 before Edmund,
Earl of Cornwall, and 8 June 1294, with about
sixty other " magnates," to attend the King upon
urgent affairs. He is said to have served in the
Gascon wars, and though excepted (i4th) from the
general summons to serve with the King's expedition,
he was summoned to attend the muster at Ports-
mouth i September 1294 for service in those parts,
as well as the muster at Worcester in November for
service against the Welsh.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to attend
musters at Norham June 1291 (a council or parlia-
ment held there), at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, at
Roxburgh across the border and at York 1296-1323.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as D'N'S. DE RAHY in the letter
addressed to the Pope 12 February 1300-1, by the
Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
" Communitas " of England, and attached his seal as
here shown.
The parliamentary writs are strangely silent con-
cerning him between 1303 and 1311. He was com-
manded to attend the muster at Newcastle-upon-
Tyne in November of the latter year with ten men-
at-arms to perform service in the marches against
the Scots, who were ravaging the north under Bruce.
Commanded to appear before the King at York in
February, and at Ponthall or Battlebridge in June
1312, in which year Durham was ravaged. Ordered
also to continue (20 February 1313) in his own
country for the defence thereof against the Scots.
The battle of Bannockburn was fought 24 June 1314.
Commanded to assist 6 January 1315 in defending
the counties beyond Trent, and 16 December 1318
to raise and arm all his men and tenants on his lands
beyond the Trent, for in March of that year the
Scots had retaken Berwick, and a few months later
had invaded and burned the northern parts.
Enjoined 30 January 1321 to abstain from attend-
ing any illegal or treasonable convention or assemblies,
and on 1 2 November he was ordered to abstain from
attending the meeting of the " Good Peers " illegally
convened by the Earl of Lancaster to be held at
Doncaster.
Enjoined 6 February 1322 to raise as many men-
at-arms and foot soldiers as he can and (i4th) to
appear at the muster at Coventry to march against
the rebels or adherents of the Earl of I-ancaster.
The battle of Boroughbridge was fought 17 March,
and on the 26th he was further commanded to raise
all his forces and to advance to Newcastle-upon-
Tyne for the purpose of defending the marches. A
secret letter was sent him " entitle en la coue a Mons
Rauf de Neville" in 1322 by the famous Sir James
de Douglas (see also Thomas Earl of I^ancaster).
Robert I. of Scotland entered England and " laid it
waste as far as Stainmore, in Westmorland, together
with the County of Lancaster, i July 1322."
On 10 June Ralph was commanded to be ready
to join the King's forces with as many men as he could
raise upon receiving ten days' notice. As constable
of the Castle of Warkworth he was instructed 1 5 Sep-
tember to obey the commands of the Earl of Athol
as chief " Gustos " of the Northumberland marches.
On the 26th September he is rebuked by the King
for his supineness in allowing the small Scottish forces
to escape him. On 31 October he was empowered to
proceed from township to township in the bishopric
5/A' RALPH DE NEVILL.-RALPH DE GRENDON.
of Durham to raise and arm the inhabitants, and on
27 November he was still further commanded to
assemble as many men-at-arms as he could over and
above his usual train in case of invasion, &c., &c.
Commanded 18 April 1323 to provide pack-saddles
for the use of the army in case it should be decided
to dispense with the wagon train.
One of the Great Council summoned to assemble
at Westminster 30 May 1 324. Commanded 4 August
to hold himself in readiness to serve for the
defence of the Duchy of Aquitaine ; the muster at
Portsmouth 17 March 1324 for service in Gascony,
prorogued to 17 May 1325 and again to 2 August,
but he was discharged from attending 10 July.
One of the " Custodes " of the sea shores in the
County of Northumberland 20 July 1326 ; empowered
16 August together with others to compel the shipping
of various ports in the county to join the fleet, and
on 3 September to superintend their sailing to the
Orwell, to receive Edward's Queen and her son on
their deferred return, after performing homage for the
Duchies of Gascony and Aquitaine.
He died 18 April 1331, and was buried on the
south side of the altar at Coverham.
Rauff de Neville, his son, and a prisoner with the
Scots, was enlarged on security in 1316 to procure his
ransom of 2000 marks. Sir Robert, his brother, was
killed by the Scots, who also took his other brothers,
Sir Alexander and John, prisoners all on the same day,
sons of Sir Randolf de Neville ; he begs for a ward or
marriage which he may sell towards his ransom, &c.
Calendar of Documents relating to Scotland.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 351 ; Nicolas'
Synopsis, 765?;; Parliamentary Writs, I., 758; II. cliv. 3,
1 22 1 ; C.S.I). ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 12,142.
De d&ren&otu
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 12 NOVEMBER 1303.
SEAL, 1301. — Two chevrons.
% S' RAD'I D€ GR€NDON€.
SIR RALPH GRENDON, of Grendon, co.
Warwick, and of Shenstone, co. Staffs (/ Sir
Ralph), served in the Scottish wars, and was
summoned to attend musters at Carlisle, York,
Berwick-upon-Tweed, and at Newcastle-upon-Tyne
1299-1316. Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July
1298.
Though he was not summoned to the parliament
of Lincoln, he joined as D'N'S. DE GRENDON in the
letter addressed to the Pope 12 February 1300-1,
by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part
of the " Communitas " of England, and attached his
seal as here shown.
One of the Barons who received pardon 16 Octo-
ber 1313, as an adherent of the Earl of Lancaster,
for his participation in the death of Gaveston.
Espoused the Royal cause, and was appointed
Commissioner of array 2 January 1322 for
Warwickshire, and 7 February empowered to raise
the forces of the Counties of Stafford, Warwick,
Leicester, Rutland, and Northampton, and to pursue
and to arrest insurgents ; 8 February to pursue the
King's enemies, and 12 March to pursue and arrest
the rebels or adherents of the Earl of Lancaster in
the Counties of Nottingham, Derby, Warwick,
Leicester, Stafford, and Hereford. The battle of
Boroughbridge was fought 17 March. Assigned
13 April to pursue and follow certain rebels, and
empowered 31 October to proceed from township to
township in the County of Leicester to raise and arm
the inhabitants.
Summoned (generally) to the Great Council at
Westminster 30 May 1324.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 7737* ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 644 ; II. cliv. 3, 946. Scotland in 1298, Falkirk,
155 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 10,229.
JOHN DE MOHUN.
3ol)n De
SUMMON KU TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 23 OCTOBER 1330.
SEAL, 1301. — A cross engrailed. The shield suspended from the neck of an eagle, and
decorated on either side with a lyon passant.
S' IOHANIS : D€ : MOVN.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to
attend musters at Carlisle, York, Berwick-u|x>n-
Tweed, and at Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1297-1323;
fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298 ;
one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July
1300.
JOHN DE MOHUN, of Dunster, Somerset
John, who died July 1279), was excepted
14 June 1294 from the general summons to
serve with the King's expedition into (iascony.
Ordered to attend the musters at Sandwich, Novem-
ber and December 1297 for service in Flanders.
The King had embarked 22 August.
Jaune o crois noire engreelie
La portoit Johans de Mooun.
Yellow with a black cross engrailed
John de Mohun bore there.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE
DUNSTKRRE he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of
England, and attached his seal as shown.
Surrendered lands in Ireland to the King 1299-
1300, and received in exchange the manor of Long
Compton, in Warwickshire. Dined with the Prince
of Wales at Perth on Candlemas I )ay 1 304.
Commanded (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1307-8.
Pardoned 16 October 1313 as an adherent of
the Earl of Lancaster for his participation in the
death of Gaveston.
Earnestly requested (2 August) to attend the
muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 September 1310.
The battle of Bannockburn was fought 24 June 1314.
Writ of exoneration 14 April 1315, having sent his
service in Scotland for four knight's fees, 28 Ed. I., and
for three knight's fees, 31 Ed. I. Requested 30 August
to continue stationed in the northern parts during
the winter campaign.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he is informed
that the summons for the meeting of Parliament
10 June 1318 is revoked by reason of the invasion of
the Scots. Obtained his writ de scutagio 10 Novem-
ber 1320.
Enjoined 30 January 1321 to abstain from
attending any illegal conventions or assemblies.
Ordered 13 November to abstain from attending
the meeting of the "Good Peers," illegally convened
by the Earl of Lancaster to be held at Doncaster.
Enjoined 5 February 1322 to raise as many men-
at-arms and foot soldiers as he can, and (i4th) to
muster at Coventry to march against the rebels or
adherents of the Earl of Lancaster. The blason of
his arms appears on the Boroughbridge Roll
(16 March). Commanded 18 April 1323 to provide
pack-saddles for the use of the army, lest the wagon
train be dispensed with.
Summoned (generally) to attend the Great Council
at Westminster May 1324, and to the "Great
Council " of the " magnates " at Westminster 20 Feb-
ruary 1325.
Amoved 14 April 1326 from the office of a chief
inspector of the array in the counties of Somerset and
Dorset ; died about 1330.
His eldest son, John, a knight banneret, fought at
the battle of Boroughbridge.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 740; II. div. 3,
1 176 ; Aroh;w>logia, xxi., pi. I, 2IO ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk,
155 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, fd. Wright, 8 ; Dr. Birch's Cata-
logue of Seals, British Museum, 11,808.
'32
HENRY DE PINKNEY.
He
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 AND 29 DECEMBER 1299.
SEAL, 1301. — Baron Henry, in armour, on a barded horse, brandishing his sword. Hauberk
of mail, surcoat, helm with fan plume, vizor up. A fess lozengy on his shield and on the caparisons
of his charger, decorated with fan plume.
S' H6NRICI D€ PINKCNY,
HENRY DE PINKENEY, of Weedon Pinke-
ney, Northants, heir of his brother Robert's
lands in England and Scotland, inq. p. at. dated at
Bertley 26 October 1296, aged 30 and more.
Summoned to the Council or parliament at Salisbury
25 January 1296-7 ; to attend the muster at London in
July for service in parts beyond the seas. To appear in
September equis et artnis at a military Council at
Rochester before Edward, the King's son and lieute-
nant in England; and to muster for service in Flanders,
at Sandwich November and December 1297, and at
London January 1298.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to per-
form military service in person, and to attend musters
at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, York, Carlisle and Berwick-
upon-Tweed December 1297-1303; fought at the
battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298.
Though not summoned to the parliament of Lin-
coln, he joined as D'N'S. DE WEDONE in the letter
addressed to the Pope 12 February 1300-1, by the
Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
" Communitas " of England.
Accused 30 September 1301 of robbery in
Southwell Church and discharged, being with the
King in Scotland ; pardoned for his good services in
Scotland.
In 1302 he made over the reversion of most of
his estates to the King, and died that year. Amongst
his lands were those of Crawford, in Scotland, which
were granted to Sir Alexander Lindsay.
Authorities.- -Nicolas' Synopsis, 77O« ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 783; C.S.D. ; Archceologia, xxi., pt. I, 223;
Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 145.
MATTHEW FITZ JOHN-THOMAS DE LA ROCHE.
'33
NEVER SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT.
SEAL, 1301. — Per pale three lyons rampant.
^ S' MATH€I FIL' IOHANNIS.
MATTHEW FITZJOHN, lord of Stokeham,
Devon, Sheriff 1 288, 1 294 (/ John,/ Mathew,
/ Herbert FitzHerbert, Chamberlain to King Stephen,
Dugdale's Baronage, Vol. i, p. 635, sub. FitzHerbert),
was Governor of the Castle of Exeter 16 Ed. I.,
1288.
Summoned to the parliament at Salisbury 26 Janu-
ary 1296-7, and to appear in October equis et armis
at a military Council before Edward, the King's son
and his lieutenant in England.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to attend
musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, York, Berwick-
upon-Tweed and Carlisle 1297-1306.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as D'N'S. DE STOKKNHAME in the
letter addressed to the Pope 12 February 1300 i by
the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
"Communitas" of England, and attached his seal as
here shown.
Authorities. —
Writs, I. , 603 ;
Museum, 9,738.
Nicolas' Synopsis, 774« ;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of
Parliamentary
Seals, lirit^h
Ctjomas ue la i&ort)e,
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 3 NOVEMBER 1306.
SEAL, 1301. — Three roach naiant.
*~> S' THOM€ D€ LA ROCH€
THOMAS DE LA ROCHE served in the he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Febru-
Scottish wars and had summons to attend ary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
musters (equis et armis) at Carlisle, York, Ber- part of the "Communitas" of England, and attached
wick-upon-Tweed and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1299- his seal as here shown.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary Authorities.— Parliamentary Writs, I., 805; II. div. 3,
13-20 January 1300-1; and as D'N'S. DE LA ROCHE 1340; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 13,021.
T
'34
THOMAS DE CHA WORTH— SIR ROBERT DE SCALES.
De CDatoortl).
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9.
SEAL, 1301. — Two chevrons; the shield suspended by the guige from a hook, between in
base a lyon passant, and on either side a wingless wyvern.
ij) SIGILLVM THOM€ : D€ : CHAWORTH€.
* ONSTANTLY summoned to perform military
service in person against the Scots, and to
attend the muster at Norham June 1291, and also at
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Nottingham, Carlisle and
Berwick-upon-Tweed 1297-1314.
Summoned 8 June 1294, with about sixty other
" magnates," to attend the King upon urgent affairs.
Excepted (i4th) from the general summons for the
King's expedition into Gascony. Summoned to the
parliament at Salisbury 24 February 1297, and to
muster at London in July for service in parts beyond
the seas. The King embarked for Flanders 22 August.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as THOMAS DE CHA(D)URCES,
D'N'S. DE NORTON, in the letter addressed to the Pope
12 February 1300-1 by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of Eng-
land, and attached his seal as shown.
He was
returned by
the Sheriffs
of Notts and
Leicester as
generally
s u m m oned
to attend the
Great Coun-
cil at West-
minster 30
May 1324.
In 1326 he
J
was a com-
missioner of array for Leicestershire.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 776;; ;
Writs, I., 528; II. div. 3, 663.
Parliamentary
iftobert tie
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 22 JANUARY 1304-5.
SEAL, 1301. — Six escallops 3, 2, i. The shield between two swords ; all within scrollwork in
place of a legend.
SIR ROBERT DE SCALES, of Newcells in
Barkway, Herts, and of Middleton, near Lynn,
Norfolk (/ Robert), served in the wars in Wales,
Gascony and Scotland. Summoned to attend musters
at Worcester 17 May 1282 for service in the second
Welsh invasion ; at Portsmouth i September 1294 for
service in Gascony; and at York, Carlisle and Berwick-
upon-Tweed 1298-1303
for service against the Scots.
Fought at the battle of
Falkirk 22 July 1298,
and was one of the be-
siegers of Caerlaverock
Castle u July 1300.
Robert de Scales, bel et gent
Lo ot rouge o cokilles de argent.
The handsome and gentle Robert de Scales
Bore red with shells of silver.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1 ; and as D'N'S. DK
NEUSELES he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope
(i2 February) by the Barons, as well on their part as
on the part of the "Communitas" of England, and
attached his seal as here shown.
\Vrit of diem clausit extremiun tested at Lanfare
8 August, 33 E. I., 1305.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 829; Scotland in
1298, Falkirk, 149; Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 14;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 13,321.
CORD XX.
(6.2) abomaa oe f urnivaU, Xoro of Sbcffielo.
(61) BOGO oc Iknovill, Tloro of tKHIMtemmstcr.
(63) jfulft le Strange, Uoro of Corebam.
(88) t)uab Baroolf, lor& of Mormeoa^.
(89) IRtcbaro lalbot, Xoro of ficclcswali.
(41) Comuno De E^ncourt, Xor& of CTburoarton.
(40) E&mun&, Baron Stafforo.
&e
decorative 1;
SIQILLVM : THOMC : FOVRNIVAL.
•:
of liis father's lands 5 Ji:
aboui
•
with
bur^h
t fur
J to tl,.
.
•
of ti,
••,vn.
:y 130
•
THOMAS DE FVRNIVALL.
'37
Cljomas De jFurntimll*
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 1295 TO 2J JANUARY 1331-2.
SEAL, 1301. — A bend between six martlets; the shield on a barry background and between
two decorative lyons.
H SIQILLVM : THOM€ : FOVRNIVAL.
THOMAS DE FURNIVALL, of Sheffield, York-
shire, and Worksop, Notts (/. Thomas, writ of
diem clausit extremum tested at Norham 23 May,
19 Ed. II.), great-grandson of Gerald de Funiivall by
his wife, Maud de Lovetot, the heiress of Sheffield
and Worksop. He did homage and obtained livery
of his father's lands 5 June, 20 Ed. I.
Summoned 8 June 1294 to attend the King with
about sixty other " magnates " upon urgent affairs.
Excepted (nth) from the general summons to serve
with the King's expedition into Gascony.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to attend
musters at Nottingham, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Car-
lisle, York, Berwick-upon-Tweed and at Roxburgh
across the border July 1297 to July 1323.
Summoned 16 September 1297 to appear at
London equis et armis at a military Council before
Edward, the King's son and lieutenant in England ;
but discharged (24 September) from attendance and
enjoined to proceed forthwith to Scotland to join
the force under John de Warrene, Earl of Surrey and
Sussex {sic). Commander in 1298 of the levies
raised from the counties of Nottingham and Derby ;
required to muster before William le Latimer the
elder, the King's lieutenant in the said counties.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298; one
of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July
1300.
Li beaus Thomas de Fourneval,
Ki quant feoit fur le cheval
Ne fembloit home ki fomeille.
Sis merlos e bende vermeille
Portoit en la baniere blanche.
The handsome Thomas de Furnival,
Who, when seated on horseback,
Did not look like a man asleep.
He bore six martlets and a red bend
In a white banner.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as DVs. DE
SHEFELD he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part as
on the part of the "Communitas" of England, and
attached his seal as here shown.
Enjoined 20 January 1303 to place himself under
the command of John de Segrave, the King's lieu-
tenant in Scotland. In the following April, together
with Sir Marm. de Twenge, Will de Cauldon and
John Bryon, he was commanded to bring 2,000
mounted men from York to Roxburgh in Linlithgow.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the Coronation
of the King 25 February 1308. Earnestly requested
2 August 1310 to attend the muster at Berwick.
Commanded 9 October 1311 to attend the muster
at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, with ten men-at-arms, to
perform service in the marches, receiving pay for the
same. His three esquires at Berwick 1 1 November
1312 were Hugh Savage, John de Gaytonforde and
Richard de Gotham. Bruce was then ravaging the
north. Bannockburn was fought. 24 June 1314.
Requested 30 August 1315 to continue stationed in
the northern parts during the winter campaign, for in
June the Scots had invaded Durham and besieged
Carlisle 22 July to i August. One of the commis-
sioners 20 August 1316 to raise and arm the inhabit-
ants of the county of Nottingham. " Affectionately "
requested 28 October 1319 to repair forthwith to
York with horses and arms in order to march against
'38
THOMAS DE FUKNIVALL.
the Scots ; the battle or chapter of Milton-on-Swale,
in Yorkshire, occurred 20 September.
One of the "Majores Barones " informed 10 June
1318 that the summons for the meeting of Parliament
was revoked by reason of the invasion of the Scots.
Enjoined 30 January 1321 to abstain from attend-
ing any illegal or treasonable conventions or assemblies.
On 21 April requested to co-operate in appeasing the
disturbances, &c., and on 12 November ordered to
abstain from attending the meeting of the "Good
Peers," illegally convened by the Earl of Lancaster to
be held at Doncaster. Enjoined 6 February 1322 to
raise as many men at-arms and foot soldiers as he could,
and on the i4th to muster at Coventry to march
against the rebels or adherents of the Earl of Lancaster
(the battle of Boroughbridge was fought 16 March).
Banneret 1322. Commanded 27 November to
assemble as many men-at-arms as he could over and
above his usual train in case of invasion, and 10 Decem-
ber ordered to march to York at their head.
Commanded 13 February 1323 to repair forthwith
to Lancashire with horses and arms and there to
place himself under the command of Johannes Darcy
le Neveu ; also to raise as many men at-arms as he
could over and above his contingent due by tenure.
Commanded 18 April to provide pack-saddles for the
use of the army.
Commanded 4 August 1324 to hold himself in
readiness to serve in the defence of the Duchy ot
Aquitaine and to raise all the forces that he could, in
addition to his contingent by tenure, and to muster
at Portsmouth 1 7 March for service in person at
Gascony ; after several prorogations he was discharged
therefrom 10 July 1325. Summoned to a great
council of the "magnates" at Westminster in April
1325. One of the chief inspectors of the array in
the West Riding of Yorkshire 24 January 1326.
Summoned to the Coronation of Edward III.
Died 3 February 1331-2, 6 Ed. III. " Emancipated
his tenants from their vassalage, established trial by
jury, and instituted a market and fair in his demesnes
at Sheffield."
Lord Furnivall's grandfather, Thomas, attached a
lozenge-shaped seal to a charter temp. H. III. or
Ed. I., now amongst the British Museum Add. Ch.
8196, see Herald and Genealogist, iii., 334.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 349; Parlia-
mentary Writs, I., 596; II. iliv. 3, 845; C.S.I).; Scotland
in 1298, Falkirk, 145; Roll of Caerlaverock, ed, Wright, 16;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 9,912.
ROGO DR K NO VI 1. 1..
'39
25ogo He
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 1295 TO 3 NOVEMBER 1306.
SEAL, 1301. — Three pierced stars and a label of three points; the shield suspended by a guige.
ft S' BOGONIS : D€ : KNOVIL6.
BOGO DE KNOVILL, of Blanchminster (Album
Monasterium), now Oswestry, in right of his
wife. Sheriff of Shropshire and Staffordshire 1 275-8,
governor of Dolvaron Castle in the marches of
Wales 1278. Ordered 28 December 1276 to prevent
the furnishing of provisions and supplies to the Welsh
rebels. To attend the muster at Rhuddlan 2 August
1282 for service in the second invasion against
Lewelin, Prince of Wales, and 30 October to place
himself under the command of Roger Extraneus (I^e
Strange).
Served in the expedition 25 June 1287 against
Resus fir Mereduci (Rhys ab Maredudd, i.e. ap
Meredyth), and in the following month summoned
to appear equis et art/it's at a military Council to be
held at Gloucester before Edmund, Earl of Cornwall.
As Constable of the Castle of Montgomery he was
enjoined (14 November 1287 and 30 November
1288) to reside on his lordships and demesnes until
the rebellion of Resus should be put down.
Madog ab Morgan having revolted and threatened
Bere Castle, Bogo was ordered 18 October 129410
relieve it in conjunction with the forces under John
de Warenne, Earl of Surrey, and Richard fil Alani,
Earl of Arundel, &c.
To muster at Ix>ndon July 1297 for service in
person in parts beyond the seas. A commissioner
of array in September for Counties Salop and
Stafford. To attend musters at Carlisle, York and
Berwick-upon-Tweed for service against the Scots
1299-1303.
Empowered 21 May 1300 to treat with the men
of Montgomery concerning services required from
them, and on 7 June instructed to require an aid
from the men of South Wales.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as UVs. DE Auto
MONAST'IO he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached the seal here shown ; but whether it
was the seal used by him in his father's lifetime, or
that used by his own son, is a matter for speculation.
Writ of diem clausit extremum dated at Burgh- on-
the-Sands 6 July 1307, a day before the King's
death, his son Bogo then aged 27.
Authorities.— Parliamentary Writs, I., 538; Arcrueologia,
xxi., pt. I, 218; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 11,108.
140
FULK LE STRANGE.
jfulH He Strange*
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 13 JANUARY 1308-9 TO 13 SEPTEMBER 1324.
SEAL, 1301. — Two lyons passant guardant
I& S' FVLCHONIS : L€ : €STRAVNG€.
F'ULK LE STRANGE, of Blackmere in Whit-
church, Salop, was generally summoned to
attend the muster in London July 1297 for service in
parts beyond the seas. The King embarked for
Flanders 22 August.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to
attend musters at York, Carlisle, Newcastle-upon-
Tyne and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1298-1323.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, he joined
as D'N'S. DE CORSHAM in the letter addressed to the
Pope (i 2 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of
England, and attached his seal as here shown.
He jousted at the first Dunstable tournament in
1308. Was earnestly requested (2 August 1310) to
attend the muster at Berwick the following month.
He proffered, at the Tweedmouth muster 19 Sep-
tember, the service of one knight's fee and a twentieth
part of one knight's fee performed by two".servientes."
Obtained a pardon as an adherent of the Earl of
Lancaster 16 October 1313 for his participation in
the death of Gaveston, &c., and again 22 October
1318 for all felonies and trespasses committed up to
August 7.
Requested 30 August 1315 to remain stationed in
the northern parts during the winter campaign. The
Scots had invaded Durham in June and un-
successfully besieged Carlisle 22 July-i August. As
one of the " Majores Barones" he is informed of the
invasion of the Scots June 1318.
Requested 21 April 1321 to co-operate in appeas-
ing the disturbances and also to refrain from any
illegal confederacies or assemblies. Further ordered
12 November to abstain from attending the meeting
of the " Good Peers " illegally convened by the
Earl of Lancaster to be held at Doncaster.
Enjoined 6 February 1322 to raise as many men-
at-arms and foot soldiers as he can, and (i4th) to
muster at Coventry to march against the rebels or
adherents of the Earl of Lancaster. The battle of
Boroughbridge was fought 26 March.
Ordered 23 February 1323 to raise as many men
as he could over and above his contingent due by
tenure, to muster at York and Newcastle ; and on
18 April to provide pack-saddles for the use of the
army.
Seneschal of Aquitaine 1323 The writ of diem
clausit extremum tested at Fulham 23 February
17 Ed. II., 1324.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 770;* ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 848; II. div. 3, 1468; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of
Seals, British Museum, 9,521.
HUGH BARDOLF— RICHARD TALBOT.
141
BarDolf.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 2 JUNE 1 302.
SEAL, 1301.— Three cinqucfoyles ; the shield suspended from a trifurcated bough,
either side decorative foliage. All within a sizefoyle panel, in each spandril a demi sizefoyle.
on
HUGH BARDOLPH, of Wormegay, Norfolk,
and of Shelford, Notts, &c., knight, was sum-
moned 8 June 1294 with sixty other "magnates"
to attend the King upon urgent affairs, and was
excepted (i4th) from the general summons to serve
with the King's expedition into Gascony. Had
summons 24 February 1297 to attend the King at
Salisbury.
Served in the Scottish wars, and had summons to at-
tend musters at Notting-
ham, Carlisle, York and
Berwick - upon - Tweed
July 1297 to May 1303.
Fought at the battle of
Falkirk 22 July 1298;
one of the besiegers of
Caerlaverock Castle 1 1
July 1300.
Hue Bardoul, de grant maniere,
Riches horns e preus e cortois,
En afur quint-fullez trois
Portoit de fin or efmere'.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'x's. UE WIRMEGEYK
he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the "Communitas " of England, and attached
his seal as shown.
In 28 and 31 Ed. I. he sent his service in Scot-
Hugh Bardolf, a man of great appearance,
Rich, valiant, and courteous,
Bore axure three cinquefoyles
Of pure refined gold.
land for four knight's fees, for which his son Thomas
obtained exoneration after his decease in September
1304.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 445 ; II. div. 3,
479 ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 133 ; Roll of Caerlaverock,
eil. Wright, 2 ; L)r. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 7,132.
Calbot.
NEVER SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT.
SEAL, 1301. — A lyon rampant within a bordure engrailed; the shield suspended from a
trifurcated bough, between two decorative' wyverns.
RICARDVS
THIS marcher lord is said to have served in the
second invasion of Wales 1282, and in the
Gascon wars of 1296-7. Governor of Cardiff Castle
1287.
Generally summoned to perform military service
in person with horses and arms, &c., in parts beyond
the seas, to muster at London 12 July 1297 (the King
embarked 22 August), and to appear 8 September
following equis et armis at a military Council at
Rochester before Edward, the King's son and lieutenant
in England. To attend the musters at Newcastle
December 1297, and at York May 1298, for service
against the Scots.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as D'N'S. DE ECKLESWEI.L in the
letter addressed to the Pope 12 February 1300-1 by
the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
,, ,-, „ , „ , , ,
"Commumtas of England, and attached the seal as
shown, viz., the arms of his mother's father, Rhys ap
Griffith, Prince of North Wales.
TAL€BOT.
Commissioner of array
for Gloucestershire 1301.
King's letters of credence
were addressed to the
knights, "Probi Homines"
and commonalty of the
County of Gloucester, em-
powering him to treat for a
supply of grain. On 21
November 1301 he was
ordered to lead 500 men in person from the Forest
of Dean to Linlithgow. Appointed i March 1306 to
make purveyance in that county of provisions
required for the army against the Scots. He died
that year.
Authorities.— Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 353 ; Nicolas
Synopsis> ^n. £rli'nicntoiy Writs, L, 856 ; C.S.n.;
Arch.-eolocia, xxi., pt. i, 215 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals,
British Museum, 13,850.
1 42
EDMUND DE EYNCOURT.
De
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEURUARY 1298-9 TO 3 DECEMBER 1326.
SEAL, 1301. — Billettee and a fess dancettee ; the shield in a quadrangular panel, in each
corner a lyoncelle passant counter passant. On the seal there is the merest indication of a
chief thereon four files of a label, obviously intended for 4 billets, i.e. 4, 3, 2, j.
EDMUND DEINCOURT, of Thurgarton, Notts,
and of Blankeney, county Lincoln, &c.,
acknowledged in 1277 the service of two knight's
fees performed by four " servientes " in the first
expedition against Lewelin, Prince of Wales. Ordered
to muster before the Constable (Bohun) and the Earl
Marshal (Bigod) at Worcester in July 1282 and the
following month at Rhuddlan for service in the second
invasion of Wales.
Summoned with about sixty other " magnates "
8 June 1294 to attend the King upon urgent affairs.
Excepted (i4th) from the general summons to serve
with the King's expedition into Gascony. Summoned
to attend the muster at Portsmouth i September
1295 and at Plymouth i November following for
service in Flanders.
Served in the Scottish wars, and was summoned to
attend musters at Norham June 1291, at Nottingham,
Carlisle, Berwick-upon-Tweed and Newcastle-upon-
Tyne 1297-1322. Fought at the battle of Falkirk
22 July 1298. He sent "two brave sons "to the
siege of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July 1300, and a John
Deincourt is also named as one of the besiegers.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE
THURGERTON he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope ( 1 2 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of Eng-
land, and attached his seal as shown.
Required to muster at Carlisle 24 June 1301 under
Edward, the King's son, or to send his sons in his
stead, cum decenti comitiva. On i September
1302 sent two men-at-arms for his Scottish lands.
Commissioned 23 November 1301 to arrest and com-
mit offenders against the peace in the counties of
Lincoln, Nottingham and Derby, and in other
counties 6 April 1305, pursuant to the ordinance of
Trailbaston (see note to Martin, page no). One of
the King's justiciars sitting at Newcastle-upon-Tyne
July 1306, at the summary conviction and execu-
tion of Scottish prisoners of war.
He and his son Edmund were summoned (18 Janu-
ary) to attend the King's Coronation 25 February
1308.
Earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to attend the
muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed. On 8 September
following he proffered the service of two knight's fees,
performed by four " servientes " with four barded
horses ; for the muster at Tweedmouth 13 September.
Requested 28 May 1311 to proceed against the
Scots with as many followers as he could raise, and
to muster at Berwick in July to oppose Bruce, who
was preparing to ravage the north. King's nuncio or
ambassador to the General Council i June, and
commanded to appear in London in July before the
Earl of Gloucester, " Gustos " of the kingdom and
the Council.
Specially empowered by writ 3 September 1312 to
repair to the Earls of Lancaster, Hereford and War-
wick, and to prohibit them from proceeding to the
King with an armed force. The prohibition was
disregarded (see page 4). One of the justices
23 February 1315 to hear and determine accusations
preferred against John de Segrave, as late Justice of
the forests of Trent, &c., and 7 April to try certain
townsmen of Nottingham who had attacked Segrave
in Nottingham Castle.
Writ of exoneration granted 14 May 1315, he
having sent the service in Scotland of two knight's
fees. On 30 August requested to continue stationed
in the northern parts during the winter campaign.
One of the Commissioners 20 August 1316
appointed to raise and arm the inhabitants of the
Counties of Nottingham and Derby.
Being apprehensive that his surname and arms
would become extinct in the person of Isabella, the
EDMUND DK EYNCOURT.
'43
daughter of Edmund Deyncourt, his son (then
deceased), he obtained a special licence of alienation,
tested at Windsor 15 May 1317, by virtue whereof
In- settles the Manor and Soke of Blaunkeney, in
the county of Lincoln, and other the lands considered
as constituting the land barony of Deyncourt in the
following manner — to himself for life, remainder to
Will's fil Joh'is I )eyncourt in tail general, remainder
to Johannes Deyncourt, brother of the said Will's
in tail general.
One of the justices 22 September 1317 for
suppressing illegal meetings in the Kesteven division
of Lincolnshire. As one of the " Majores Barones " he
is informed of the invasion of the Scots in 1318.
Obtained his writ of scutage 15 July 1319.
Enjoined 30 January 1321 to abstain from attend-
ing any illegal or treasonable conventions or
assemblies. Requested 21 April to co-operate in
appeasing disturbances, &c. Ordered 12 November
to abstain from attending the meeting of the " Good
Peers," illegally convened by the Earl of Lancaster to
be held at Doncaster. Enjoined 6 February 1322 to
raise as many men-at-arms and foot soldiers as he
could, and (i4th) to muster at Coventry and (28th) to
march against the rebels or adherents of the Earl of
Lancaster. On 25 February he is also summoned to
appear with horses and arms at Burton-upon-Trent.
The battle of Boroughbridge was fought 16 March
1321-2.
A justice (18 May 1322) for the trial of certain
townsmen of Cambridge charged with having joined
in the great riot against the University.
Commanded 27 Noveml>er 1322 to assemble as
many men-at arms as he could, over and alxjve his
usual retenance, in case of invasion, and to repair to
such of his manors as is nearest to York, and
i o I )ecember to march to York at the head of his
men-at-arms, for the muster of 2 February 1 323 ;
also to raise as many men-at-arms as he could over
and above his contingent due by tenure for the
musters at York, April or May, and at Ncwcastle-
upon-Tyne in July. On 18 April to provide pack-
saddles for the use of the army.
Pursuant to writ dated at Westminster 9 May 1324
for summoning the Great Council, he is returned by
the Sheriff of the County of Lincoln as infirm and
upwards of eighty years of age. Notwithstanding this
he was commanded 4 August 1324 to hold himself in
readiness to perform military service in person for the
defence of the Duchy of Aquitaine, &c., and to raise
all the forces that he could in addition to his con-
tingent due by tenure.
Summoned 21 December 1324 to serve in
Gascony, the muster at Portsmouth 1 7 March follow-
ing, prorogued to 17 May, and finally to 2 August.
Discharged therefrom 10 July.
Summoned 30 December 1324 to a great council
of "magnates," discharged therefrom 8 April. He
died 1327.
.\Hthoritits.~ Dignity of a Peer, 4lh Report, 350; Par-
liamentary Writs, I., 565; II. div. 3, 759; C.S.I). ; Scotland
in 1298, Falkirk, 141 ; Roll of Cacrlaverock, ed. Wright, 24 ;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Musi-urn, 9,563.
144
EDMUND DE STAFFORD.
De £>taffor&.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT AS A "BARON" 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 2O AUGUST 1307.
SEAL, 1301.— A chevron ; the shield (between a mullet and a star) suspended by the guige
from a hook.
^ S' EDMVNDI : STAFFORDI€.
EDMUND DE STAFFORD, of Stone, was
descended from Hervey de Stafford, who took
that name in lieu of Bagot. Hervey's mother, Milli-
sent, wife of Hervey Bagot, was sister and heir of
Robert de Stafford, the great-grandson of Robert de
Toeni, who held eighty-one lordships in Staffordshire
at the time of the general survey. Dugdale supposed
that de Toeni assumed the name of Stafford, being
governor of Stafford Castle.
Nicholas, the father of Edmund, was killed in 1287
by the falling of the walls at the siege of Droselau.
Edmund is said to have served in the Gascon
wais. He had summons to attend musters at York,
Carlisle and Berwick- upon-Tweed 1298-1308 for
service against the Scots.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as EDM'US
BARO STAFF' he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached his seal as shown.
In 28 and 31 Ed. I. he sent his service of one and
a half knight's fee, for which Thomas de Pipe and
Margaret, his wife, who afterwards held the lands,
obtained writs of exoneration.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the ceremony
of the King's Coronation 25 February 1307-8, and
died the next year.
It is noteworthy that Edmund de Stafford and
John de Greystock (page 181) afford the only in-
stances in which a person is summoned to parliament
by the style of Baron.
Authorities.— Parliamentary Writs, I., 843; II. div. 3,
1451 ; Archrcologia, xxii., pt. I, 221. See Dr. Birch's Cata-
logue of Seals, British Museum, 13,625.
CORD XXI.
0)1) pbilip, OLoro of Ik^me.
0)0) 3obn papnel, Xoro of ©tle\>.
(93) Malter, Xoro of Ibuntcrcombc
0)2) Millmm Marshall, loi^ of
pfttltp De Jftpmr.
TO VAKl <<j$ TO
;i\s\\y and a che\ I by
the legend
* CH€R : AMI : F€T€S : PVR : MAI
PHH.I :n Lincolnshire,
• 1 during his
:ii(l. as was of'
ofl>.
II-- arkinn.l dgi .I' one knight's
and a half in • > perform-
himself and iv.
'
.irl Mars!
at \\ i-re also
j.Sz, at '
4 All:'
Sunn
temlx for the- trial of David, broth
i he misd
ih of I x:\velin. , Summon
L'IH- '#.<• \r, mult
nhiiK-r le cinki
l>h'.-lli[)e K- fci;JlH\lI rl.
Ky porloit roiiv i) in-.
Di.- or croiflillie tot environ.
Summoned t
13-20 January 130 K\\^ IK-
joined in the letter a .ipedz IVhru
ary) by tli
of the " ('ommunit.i'
seal as shown. Ti
the countc-i seal here gi\ .vith the :••
1'hilip dc Kyme, knt., fit l)i>m. \Vill. de Kynic
nuary) to nttrnd the
Coronation 25 February 13-
" August 1510 to atte
on-T.v
n July i
artnis at -i at
-
musU-r at \\
t-r-
ind
.nouth on
at I"
.
musters at < '
uly 1300.
the
May I well name the h
Phi
\Vlu> i
•>ld surro
'
'
•
•
•
also •
• .
unsuccessfully
'
«.
; (i 4th) to mi:-
irl
bridge was for [
•liitJtt't n i
upon
/'////.//' DE KYMI-..
•47
tic
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 1295 TO 26 NOVEMItER 1313.
SEAL, 1301. — Crusily and a chevron; the shield enclosed by three wingless wyverns, all
encircled by the legend
iji CH€R : AMI : F€T€S : PVR : MAI
PHILIP DE KYME, of Kestevcn, in Lincolnshire,
was in ward to Hugh Bigod during his
minority, and, as was often the outcome, married one
of his guardian's daughters.
He acknowledged the service of one knight's fee
and a half in "Sotteby " and " Kele," performed by
himself and two " servientes," in the first expedition
against Lewelin, Prince of Wales, at the muster before
the Constable (Bohun) and the Earl Marshal (Bigod)
at Worcester July 1277 ; there also on the second
invasion of Wales in May 1282, at Rhuddlan
4 August following, and at Montgomery May 1283.
Summoned to the parliament at Shrewsbury, 30 Sep-
tember 1283, for the trial of David, brother of
Lewelin ; the writ (28 June) recites the misdeeds,
trespasses and death of Lewelin. Summoned to
appear in July 1287 ti/uis et
armis at a military Council at
Gloucester before Edmund,
Earl of Cornwall. Ordered to
attend a muster at Worcester
21 November 1294 for ser-
vice against the Welsh ; and
also at Portsmouth on the ist
of September preceding, and
at Plymouth i November 1295 for service in Gas-
cony.
Served in the Scottish wars. Summoned to attend
musters at Carlisle, York, Berwick-upon-Tweed,
Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Roxburgh across the
border 1299-1319. One of the besiegers of Caer-
laverock Castle 11 July 1300.
Une grant feignour, mult honnore,
Pus-je ben nommer le cinkime,
Phellipe le feigneur de Kyme,
Ky portoit rouge o un cheveron
De or croifllllie tot environ.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE KYME he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Febru-
ary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part
of the " Communitas " of England, and attached his
seal as shown. The seal seems to be identical with
the counter seal here given together with the seal of
Philip de Kyme, knt., // Dom. Will, de Kyme 1283,
attached to Harleian Charter 52 H. 11., British
Museum (Catalogue No. 11,146).
Summoned (19 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308. Earnestly requested
2 August 1310 to attend the muster at Berwick-
upon-Tweed 8 September. Proffered the above
A great lord, much honoured,
May I well name the fifth,
Philip the lord of Kyme,
Who bore red with a chevron
Of gold surrounded by crosslets.
service, performed by three "servientes" with three
barded horses, at the muster at Tweedmouth
24 September. Requested 28 May 1311 to proceed
against the Scots with as many followers as he can
raise, as Bruce was preparing to ravage the north,
also requested 30 August 1315 to continue stationed
in the northern parts during the winter campaign,
as the Scots . had invaded Durham in June and
unsuccessfully besieged Carlisle 22 July to i August.
One of the justices assigned 22 November 1317
for suppressing illegal meetings in the Lindesay
division of Lincolnshire. Ordered 1 2 November 1 32 1
to abstain from attending the meeting of the "Good
Peers " illegally convened by the Earl of I>ancaster to
be held at Doncaster. Enjoined 6 February 1322
to raise as many men-at-arms and foot soldiers as he
could, and (i4th) to muster at Coventry (24th) for the
purpose of marching against the rebels or adherents
of the Earl of Lancaster. The battle of Borough-
bridge was fought 1 6 March. He died the same year
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 687; II. cliv. 3,
1053 ; Roll of Cacrlaverock, ed. Wright, 2 ; Dr. Birch's
Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 11,147.
148
JOHN PAYNEL, LORD OF OTLEY IN YORKSHIRE.
3)ol)n $apnel, 3UrU of Dtlep in gorfcslnre,
SEAL, 1301. — Two bars, with eight martlets "in manner of bordure assis."
« S' + lOH'IS * PAYN6L +
JOHN PAYNEL was summoned to the parliament
of Lincoln in St. Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1,
and as D'N'S. DE OTTELEYE he joined in the letter
addressed to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons,
as well on their part as on the part of the "Com-
munitas " of England, and attached his seal as shown
above.
One John Paynel of Drax, in Yorkshire, was
summoned to parliament from 19 December 1299 to
25 August 1318. But for the difference in the coat
of arms his identity with John of Otley would have
Un bacheler jolif e cointe,
De amours e de artnes bien acointe,
Avoint-il a compaignon,
Johans Paignel avoit a non,
Ke en la baniere verde peinte,
Portoit de or fin la manche peinte.
been most probable ; even so the arms of John of
Drax appear reversed for John of Otley in a roll of
the arms of the " magnates " assembled at the parlia-
ment of Salisbury 24 February 1296-7 (see also Will
Paynel).
John Paynel served in the Scottish wars, and was
summoned to attend musters at Carlisle, York,
Berwick-upon Tweed and Newcastle - upon - Tyne
1298-1318. Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July
1298, and was one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock
Castle ii July 1300.
A handsome and accomplished bachelor,
Well acquainted with love and arms,
They had as a companion,
Whose name was John Paignel,
Who on a banner painted green
Bore a maunch of fine gold.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he was informed
that the parliament summoned and prorogued to
19 June 1318 v/as revoked in consequence of the
invasion of the Scots.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 769; II. div. 3,
1254; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 139; Roll of Caerlaverock,
ed. Wright, 24; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 12,421.
WALTER DE HUNTERCOMBE. ,49
Kttalter DC ^untercombe,
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 129$ TO l6 JUNE 1311.
SEAL, 1301. -Ermine two gemells ; the shield between two decorative wyverns ; and
issuant at the top a trifurcated bough.
* S' WALT€RI : D€ : HVNT€RCVMB€.
WALTER DE HUNTERCOMBE, of Hunter-
combe, Oxon, was summoned to perform
military service in person in the first expedition
against Lewelin, Prince of Wales, at the muster before
(Bohun) the Constable and (Bigod) the Earl Marshal
at Worcester July 1277. He acknowledged the service
of one-fourth part of one knight's fee for the inherit-
ance of his father, two knight's fees for the inheritance
of his mother, and of one knight's fee and a half for
the barony of " Bolebek," the inheritance of his wife,
performed by himself, two knights and two
" servientes." Summoned to attend the muster at
Worcester 17 May and at Rhuddlan 2 August 1282,
in the second invasion of Wales. At Rhuddlan
(2 August) he acknowledged the service of two
knight's fees for his part of the inheritance of Mus-
caump or Muskharn, one knight's fee for the part of
the inheritance of " Bolbek " or Bulbek, and Moun-
fichet or Muntfichet, held by him as tenant by the
curtesy, and also half a knight's fee for his father's
inheritance in the county of Bedford, performed by
two knights and three " servientes." Gustos or Keeper
of the Isle of Man 1290.
Summoned July 1287 to appear eguis et armis
at a military Council to be held at Gloucester before
E de Hontercombe li beaus
De ermine o deus rouges jutneaus.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as DVs. DE
HUNT'COMBE he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached his seal as here shown.
Ordered 19 July 1302 (then Warden of the
marches) to place himself under the command of
John de St. John. He and Robert Fitz Roger
commanded 9 April 1303 to lead the men (1000)
of Northumberland to join the King at Roxburgh
12 May. Further empowered 14 June to raise the
forces of Northumberland, in the name of John de
Segrave, who was with the King and unable to act
there, to oppose the Scots, who had broken into
Annandale, Lidderdale and elsewhere on the marches
behind the King and his army which are beyond the
Forth.
In 1307 he petitioned Parliament, setting forth
his services in the Scottish wars, first at Berwick with
twenty light horse, afterwards at Strivelyn (Stirling)
Edmund, Earl of Cornwall.
To muster at Portsmouth
i September 1294, and at
Plymouth i November 1295
for service in Gascony.
Summoned to the military
Council and to muster at
Worcester, for service
against the Welsh, 21 No-
vember 1294.
Served in the Scottish wars, and summoned to at-
tend the muster at Norham June 1 291, and at Carlisle,
York and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1299-1310. Governor
of Edinburgh Castle 1296-8, and of the sheriflTdoms
of Lothian, viz. Edinburgh, Linlithgow, and Hadding-
ton. Warden of the marches towards Northuml>er-
land. Fought at the battle of Falkirk, 22 July 1298,
and ordered i December to make a foray into Scot-
land with Sir Simon Fraser and others with 200 men-
at-arms. (Leader and commander of the levies of
Northumberland 25 November.) Commissioner of
array 1299. Empowered 14 January 1300 to arrest
and imprison certain Northumbrians who had absented
themselves from the army after receiving pay. One
of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July 1300.
And the handsome Huntercombe,
Ermine with two red gemells.
with thirty-two in the retinue of Earl Warren, next at
"la Vaire Chapelle " (Falkirk) with thirty in the
retinue of the Bishop of Durham, and lastly at
Galloway with sixteen ; and since that, in the last
battle, he sent- eighteen, though absent himself, being
Warden of the marches, towards Northumberland,
he prayed that his scutage for all these expeditions
might be remitted, &c., &c.
Earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to attend
the muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 Septem!x.-r.
Proffered the service of four knight's fees for all his
lafTds in England, performed by one knight and six
" servientes " with eight barded horses.
On 30 August 1320 his executors obtained his
writ de scutagio for service sent by him to
Scotland 4 Ed. II.
Authorities. — 1'arliaincntury Writs, I., 676; II. <liv. 3,
IO3O;C.S.L). ; Arch.vologia, xxi., pt. I, 221: Scotland in
1298, Falkirk, 137; Roll of Caerlaverock, at. Wright, 16 ;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 10,924.
WILLIAM MARSHAL.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 9 JANUARY 1308-9 TO 26 NOVEMBER 1313.
SEAL, 1301. — Five fusils in bend; the shield between two batons as hereditary Marshal of
Ireland.
>J< S' WILL'I : MAR€SCALLI.
WILLIAM MARSHAL, of Hingham, in Norfolk, attend musters at York, Carlisle, Berwick-upon-Tweed
was ordered to muster in London 2 January and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1298-1314. One of the
1298 for military service in person in Flanders. besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July 1 300.
Served in the Scottish wars, and was summoned to
E Guillems li Marefcaus,
Dont en Irlande ot la baillie,
la bende de or engreellie
Portoit en la rouge baniere.
And William le Marshall,
Who in Ireland had the chief command,
A gold bend engrailed
Bore on a red banner.
Though not summoned to the parliament of Lin-
coln, he joined as WILL'US MARESCHALL, D'N'S. DE
HENGH'AM, in the letter addressed to the Pope 12 Feb-
ruary 1300-1 by the Barons, as well on their part as
on the part of the " Communitas " of England, and
attached his seal as shown.
In 28-31 and 34 Ed. I. he sent the service of one
knight's fee, for which his son John obtained his writ
of exoneration 20 April 1315.
Walked in the Coronation procession bearing the
great golden spurs 25 February 1308. Elected as one
of the two Barons on the Committee of six "Ordainers"
by whom the remaining fifteen were co-opted ; sworn
in the Painted Chamber 20 March 1310 together
with the others.
Earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to attend the
muster at Berwick, 8 September. Proffered the service
of two knight's fees for all his lands, performed by
three — probably one knight and two " servientes "-
with barded horses. Muster on the igth at Tweed-
mouth.
Requested 28 May 1311 to proceed against the
Scots with as many followers as he can raise, and on
20 July prohibited from attacking Nicholas deSegrave
in consequence of dissensions between them as to
the marshalcy, see p. 189. Died at Kannoekburn
24 June 1314.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, ;6s« ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 727 ; II. div. 3, 1143 ; Archreologia, xxi.,pt. I, 214 ;
Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 2 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of
Seals, British Museum, 11,607.
CORD XXII.
(HO) iRobert oe fIDontalt, lort of ibawarfcen.
(TO) ibuob flints, 1lor^ of durr^ flDalct.
(«'2) Ibcnr^ (Trcoo3, Xort> of (Borino.
(81) Milliam doucbet, Ttoro of Ucvcnbalcs.
tiroes (vulj
steward >..
one i
;
Si-
side the dec.
J5ummoi
addi
M welt <
muni
shown.
( OIll-
Coronation.
5 '
(8th) as •
for''.
from
attend (h
( )bt.
rv
ROBERT DE MONTALT.
'53
idobert De
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 13 JUNE 1329.
SEAL, 1301.— A lyon rampant; the shield suspended from a trifurcated bough, on either
side the decorative wyvern ; all within a quadrilobe.
S' ROB6RTI : D€ : MOVNALT.
ROBERT DE MONTALT, brother and heir of
Roger de Montalt*, a Baron of Parliament
1295-7. Montalt was a little hill in Flintshire, of late
times (vulgarly) called Moulde according to Dugdale's
Baronage. He held Hawarden by the service of
steward to the Earl of Chester ; Castle Rising, in
Norfolk, he derived from his great-grandmother Cecily,
one of the sisters and co-heirs of Hugh de Albini,
Earl of Arundel or Earl of Sussex.
Robert de Monhaut i eftoit,
Ky molt haute entent metoit
De faire a haute honur atainte ;
Baniere avoit en afure teinte,
O un lyoun rampant de argent.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as ROB'TUS UE MONTK
ALTO, D'N'S. HAWARDYN, he joined in the letter
addressed to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons,
as well on their part as on the part of the " Cotn-
munitas " of England, and attached his seal as here
shown.
Commanded (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation. Requested to attend at Dover 4 or
5 February to meet Queen Isabel and to form part
of her suite. He and his consort were summoned
(8th) as from the County of Bucks to attend the
Coronation (25th) in the train of the King and Queen.
Required 5 August 1309 to raise 100 foot soldiers
from his lordship of Mohautesdale, and again
1 8 June 1 3 1 o. Earnestly requested on the same day to
attend the muster at Berwick-on-Tweed 8 September.
Obtained writ of exoneration 18 June 1315, having
* A lyon crowned or, carved and painted in Westminster
Abbey.
Said to have served in the Gascon wars. John
(Irey and Richard de Masey were ordered 7 December
1297 to raise three hundred foot soldiers from his
demesnes, for service in Scotland. Served in the wars
with the Scots and summoned to attend musters at
Nottingham, York, Carlisle, Berwick-upon-Tweedand
Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1297-1323. Fought at the
battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and was one of the
besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
Robert de Montalt was there,
Who greatly endeavoured
To acquire high honour ;
He had a banner of a blue colour,
With a lyon ram|>ant of silver.
sent his service 28-31 Ed. I. in Scotland for four
and a quarter knight's fees. Despatched to New-
castle-upon Tyne 20 June for the defence of the
Scottish marches, with horses and arms, against the
Scots under Bruce, who proceeded to invade
the Bishopric of Durham, and unsuccessfully besieged
Carlisle 22 July to i August.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he is informed
June 1318 of the invasion of the Scots. Joined
9 August '1318, by the King's assent, in guaranteeing
the treaty imposing restrictions upon the royal
authority.
Obtained his writ of scutage 12 October 1319,
such service not having been proffered, &c.
Enjoined 30 January 1321 to abstain from attend-
ing any illegal or treasonable conventions or assem-
blies, and 21 April requested to cooperate in
appeasirtg the disturbances (in Wales). Ordered
1 2 November to abstain from attending the meeting
of the "Good Peers" illegally convened by the Earl
of Lancaster to be held at Doncastcr.
'54
ROBERT DE MONTALT.-HVGH POYNTZ.
Enjoined 6 February 1322 to raise as many men-
at-arms and foot soldiers as he could, and (i4th)
ordered to muster at Coventry (28th) to march
against the rebels or adherents of the Earl of
Lancaster. The battle of Boroughbridge was fought
17 March 1321-2.
Requested 9 April 1322 (and again 12 April 1323)
to raise too foot soldiers from his lordships of East
Rhuddlan and Hawardyn. Among the men-at-
arms of the County of Bucks between the ages
of 1 6 and 60 he was returned (31 October) as a Baron
and as fit for service.
Commanded 27 November 1322 to assemble
as many men-at-arms as he could over and above his
usual train in case of invasion, and on 10 December
commanded to march to York at their head. Com-
manded 1 8 April 1323 to provide pack-saddles for
the use of the army.
Returned to attend the Great Council at West-
minster 30 May 1324. "Gustos" or one of the
commanders appointed 23 July 1324 to defend the
sea-shores in the counties of Norfolk and Suffolk.
Commanded 4 August 1324 to hold himself in
readiness to perform military service in person for the
defence of the Duchy of Aquitaine ; and to muster at
Portsmouth 17 March 1325. Anselm le Mareschall
and Johan de Whelnetham were retained by him for
service in Gascony. Requested 26 February 1325
to furnish one man-at-arms and ten foot soldiers from
his lordship of Mohautesdale to perform service in
Gascony.
One of the extraordinary Council at Bristol
26 October 1326, and joined in the election of
Edward III., then Duke of Aquitaine, as Regent and
" Gustos " of the kingdom.
At his death his estates passed by settlement to
Isabel Queen Consort of England, mother of
Edward III., and on her death to John of Eltham,
brother of the King.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 346 ; Par-
liamentary Writs, I., 743; II. div. 3, 1184 ; Scotland in 1298,
Falkirk, 133 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 3 ; Dr. Birch's
Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 11,863.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 24 JUNE 1295 TO 26 AUGUST 1307.
SEAL* OF HIS SON NICHOLAS, 1301.— Barry, a label of five points. Over the shield a helm
with fan plume ; on either side a scroll.
S' NICHOLAI : POINZ.
HUGH POYNTZ, of Curry Malet, Somerset,
knight, was summoned to perform military
service in person in the first expedition against
Lewelin, Prince of Wales, and to attend musters at
Worcester July 1277 and at Carmarthen 15 July;
acknowledged the service of one knight's fee in Cory
Malet, performed by himself. Ordered 2 July 1282
to continue in West Wales for the second invasion,
and to attend the musters of 6 December 1282 and
May 1283. Summoned to parliament at Shrewsbury
30 September 1283 for the trial of David, brother of
Lewelin ; the writ (28 June) recites the misdeeds,
trespasses and death of Lewelin.
Summoned also to a
military Council to be held
at Gloucester before Ed-
mund, Earl of Cornwall, July
1287, and to another at
Worcester 2 1 November 1 294,
to serve against the Welsh.
Served in the Scottish
wars. Summoned to attend
musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, York, Carlisle and
at Berwick-upon-Tweed 1298-1306. Fought at the
battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298 ; was one of the
besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
E la baniere Hue Pointz
Eftoit barree de viij poinx,
De or e de goules ovelment.
And the banner of Hugh Point/,
Was barry of eight pieces
Of or and gules * equally.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE CORIMALET
he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, and attached
his seal as here shown.
Sent, 28, 31 and 34 Ed. I., the service in Scotland
of one knight's fee for lands which afterwards were
held by Hugo Poyntz, his kinsman, 8 June 1315;
by a deed dated i Ed. II. 1308, Nicholas his son,
then aged thirty, was found to be his heir.
* These were the arms of Brian Fitz Alan and " were in
dispute." In some tracings the tinctures are reversed.
Authorities.— Parliamentary Writs, I., 788; II. div. 3,
1303; Arcrueologia, xxi., pt. I, 216; Scotland in 1298,
Falkirk, 155 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, «</. Wright, 9; Dr. Birch's
Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 12,745.
HENRY TREGOZ.
•55
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 22 JANUARY 1304-5 TO 14 MARCH 1 32 1-2.
SEAL, 1301. — Two bars gemel, in chief a lyon passant (guardant) ; the shield between two
decorative eagles and suspended from a trifurcated bough ; all within a pointed Gothic quatre-
foyle panel, between the lobes the legend*
TR A €(G~OZ) A SV-TH A S€~X.
HENRY DE TREGOZ, of Goring, in Sussex,
was summoned with about sixty others to
attend the King upon urgent affairs, and wasexcepted
(i4th) from the general summons to serve with the
King's expedition into Gascony. He was returned in
129635 a knight holding lands within the Rape of
Arundel. Ordered July 1 297 to serve in parts beyond
the seas and on 8 September to appear equis et armis
before Edward, the King's son and lieutenant in
England. The King had embarked for Flanders
22 August.
Knight of the shire returned from Sussex for the
parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary 13-20 January
1300-1; obtained his writ tie expensis tested at Notting-
ham 30 January 1301, and as D'N'S. DE GARYNGES he
joined in the Barons' letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February), as well on their part as on the part of
the " Communitas " of England, and attached his
seal as shown.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and was sum-
moned to serve in musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
York and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1297-1323.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation, and (8 February) he and his consort were
summoned as from the County of Sussex to attend in
the train of the King and Queen 25 February 1307-8.
Earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to attend the
muster at Berwick 8 Septeml>er, and ap|X>inted
25 November 1312 one of the keepers of the peace
of the County of Sussex.
Requested 30 August 1315 to continue stationed
in the northern parts during the winter campaign.
The Scots had invaded the bishopric in June and
unsuccessfully besieged Carlisle 22 July to i August.
Further requested 21 April 1321 to co-operate in
appeasing the disturbances in the Welsh marches in
connection with Despcncer junior.
Commanded 9 March 1323 to serve against the
Scots and to raise as many men-at-arms and foot
soldiers as he could over and above his contingent
due by tenure; and 18 April to provide pack-saddles
for the army, in case the wagon train should be
dispensed with.
* This is another <>i the few Barons' seals unnoticed in
the British Museum Catalogue, and although the legend
TRK[(1OZ] SVTHSKX is clear enough, the Editor of the
AiKCstor has evidently considered it safer to leave its solution
to his readers ; see also notes to de Tony, p. 115; Mustang,
p. 161 ; and Nich. de Segrave, p. 189.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 352 ; Nicolas'
Synopsis, ^6f>n ; Parliamentary \Vrits, I., 869; II. div. 3,
1521 ; Arch.vologia, xxi., pt. I, 220.
1 56
WILLIAM TOUCH ET.
SSttlltam CoucUet.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 29 DECEMBER 1299 TO 3 NOVEMBER 1306.
SEAL, 1301. — Crusily fitchy and a lyon rampant.
16 : SV : S€L : D€ : AMVR : L€L.*
(I am the seal of love that's leal.)
WILLIAM TOUCHET, of Levenhales, is said to
have served in Gascony. He served in the wars
with the Scots, and was summoned to attend musters at
York, Carlisle, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Newcastle-upon-
Tyne and at Roxburgh across the border 1297-1317.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE
LEVENHALES he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (i 2 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the "Communitas" of England,
and attached his seal as shown.
Earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to attend the
muster at Berwick 8 September, and in July 1311 to
proceed against the Scots with as many followers as
he could raise. Bruce was then preparing to ravage
the north.
He obtained pardon 16 October 1313 as an
adherent of the Earl of Lancaster for his participation
in the death of Gaveston.
As William Tuchet miles he also obtained a pardon
22 October 1318 as one of the adherents of Thomas,
Earl of Lancaster, for all felonies and trespasses
committed by him up to 7 August this last past.
Ordered 12 November 1321 to abstain from at-
tending the meeting of the " Good Peers," illegally
convened by the Earl of Lancaster to be held at
Doncaster. Banneret, and taken in arms against the
King in the battle of Boroughbridge on Tuesday and
Wednesday 16 and 17 March 1321-2, and afterwards
drawn and hanged.
* For a similar legend, JESVY/SEL/DAMVR/LEL, see
Gentleman's Magazine, 1810, supp., p. I, and also October
1823.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 355 ; Par-
liamentary Writs, I., 872 ; II. div. 3, 1529 ; Archaeologia, xxi.,
pt. I, 220.
CORD XXIII.
(68) 3obn, Xorb of Iktnaston.
(07) -Robert tmsstano, Horb be la Destrce.
3lol)n DC Bmgeston, Constable of CMnburgl) Castle
mnpant queue fourci:
and
SIGILVM : JOHANN .
'
with •
and
- for mill -
JOHN DE KINGESTON, CONSTAHLE OF EDINBURGH CASTLE.
'5';
3iol)n De Btngeston, Constable of OEDinburg!) Castle.
NEVER SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT.
SEAL, 1301. — A lyon rampant queue fourchce ; the shield between two decorative wyverns,
and suspended from a trifurcated bough.
* SIGILVM : JOHANN ON. See page xxxvii.
COUNTER SEAL. — A lyon as in the seal, encircled by a scroll.
JOHN DE KINGESTON served in the first
expedition against Lewelin, Prince of Wales.
Proffered the service due from Ralph
Pypard at the muster before the Constable (Bohun)
and Earl Marshal (Bigod) at Worcester, and at
Carmarthen July 1277 ; his s.rvice was transferred by
the King to Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, to be per-
formed under the latter in West Wales. As
" serviens " he performed military service due from
John de Lenham at the muster at Rhuddlan 2 and 5
August 1282, in the second Welsh invasion.
Ordered to muster at London 12 July 1297 for mili-
tary service in person eqitiset annis in parts beyond the
seas. The King embarked for Flanders 22 August.
By writ dated at Newcastle 25 November 1298
J. K. as "Conestable de Chastel de Edinburgh e
Visconte de meisme le lieu " is ordered to make war
against the enemy, and Simon de Eraser is summoned
to join him. Constable and Sheriff of Edinburgh
24 November, Warden of the castle 25th, agreed
February 1301-2 to keep castle and sheriflTdom of
Edinburgh with 30 men-at-arms and 40 crossbowmen
and archers until Pentecost next, and from 4 Sep-
tember to Christmas 1302 with 41 men-alarms and
40 foot. He had an allowance as knight banneret for
robes 28 Ed. I., 1300. His retinue 28 February
1300 i consisted of 5 esquires, 7 chargers, 13 hack-
neys, 21 grooms.
Though not summoned to the parlianu-nt of
Lincoln, he joined as DVs. HE KYNC-ESTON in the
letter addressed to the Pope 12 February 1300-1, by
the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
" Communitas " of England, and attached his seal as
here shown.
Appointed 16 February 1305-6 one of the four
deputy wardens of Scotland till John of Brittany's
i6o
JOHN DE KINGESTON, CONSTABLE OF EDINBURGH CASTLE.
arrival. Thanked 20 May 1308 for his fidelity as
reported by the Earl of Richmond, and requested to
persevere in affording counsel and aid for the further-
ance of the King's affairs in Scotland.
As one of the followers of Roger Dammory he
obtained a pardon (25 August 1321), afterwards
revoked, for all felonies, &c., committed in the pursuit
of the Despencers.
In arms against the King at the battle of Borough-
bridge 17 March 1321-2, and fled to parts beyond the
seas. By writ dated at Newcastle upon-Tyne 2 August
the Sheriffs of Somerset and Dorset, Warwick,
Leicester and Wilts are ordered to pursue him and
others, with hue and cry.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 773^ ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 688 ; II. div. 3, 1056; C.S.D. ; Archajologia, xxi.,
pt. i, 223; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum,
11,171-2.
ROHERT HASTANG.
161
Bobert
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT IQ UECEMIiER 1311.
SEAL, 1301. — A lyon rampant queue fourchee, over all a barrulet ; the shield between two
decorative wyverns and suspended from a trifurcated bough.
^ SIGILLVM : ROB6RTI : HASSTANG.
COUNTER SEAL.* — A lyon as the seal, encircled by the legend
« BON : IVR : €IT : K€ : S€ : S€L : D€IT.
ROBERT HASTANG, of Leamington Hastang,
county Warwick, was summoned to attend
the muster and military Council at Worcester
21 September 1294 for service against the Welsh.
Served also in the wars with the Scots, and sum-
moned to musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1296 and
1317 and at York 1298. Ordered to muster at
London for service beyond the seas 7 July 1 297 ; the
King embarked for Flanders 22 August.
Sheriff of Roxburgh and Constable of the Castle
1298, when it is recorded that he lost two bays and a
" sorbanzan horse " in sallies with the Castle garrison
against the enemy. He reported to the King the
proceedings of the insurgent magnates at Peebles,
their quarrels, the demand of Sir David Graham for
Sir Will. Wallace's lands and goods as he was going
abroad without leave, and the objections of his
brother, Sir Malcolm Wallace; how these two knights
gave each other the lie and drew their knives, how Sir
John Comyn took the Earl of Carrick by the throat,
and how the Earl of Buchan laid violent hands on the
Bishop of St. Andrews. The Bishop, Bruce and
Comyn, when elected guardians 20 August 1299,
appointed Sir Ingram de Umfraville, Sheriff of Rox-
burgh and Sir Robert de Keith, Warden of Selkirk
forest, &c. -The next year Hastang was again
Captain, Sheriff and guardian of the Castle and
county of Roxburgh, with 20 men-at-arms of his
retinue, 30 crossbowmen and 70 archers, &c.
Though not summoned to the parliament at
Lincoln, he joined as D'N'S. DE LA DESIK£K in the
letter addressed to the Pope (12 February 1300-1)
by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part
of the " Communitas " of England, and attached his
seal as here shown.
* The casts of the Seal ami the Counter Seal in the col-
lection of the British Museum have evidently drifted apart.
The official catali>gue descrilies the Counter Seal as the Seal of
Nicholas de Segrave, in spite of the fact that he did not seal
the Barons' letter ; the Anctstar omits the Counter Seal on
the authority of the British Museum Catalogue, but without
acknowledgment 1 See also notes to Tre^'/. p. 155 : de Tony,
p. 115 ; and Nic. de Segrave, p. 189.
1 62
ROBERT HASTANG.
Joint surveyor with Sir Alex, de Balliol for erecting
the fortress of Selkirk 12 February 1301-2, and
appointed Marshal of Berwick for his laudable
services.
Robert Hastang, Valett', appointed Sheriff of
Peeblesshire in parliament September 1305. Jousted
at the first Dunstable tournament 1308.
Commanded 9 October 1311 to attend the muster
at Carlisle (3 November) with ten men-at-arms to
perform service in the marches, receiving pay for
the same. The Scots under Bruce were threatening
invasion. Had grants of lands of several Scottish
rebels, in lieu of other lands, 20 March 1311-12.
One of the commissioners zoEd. II., 1316-17, to treat
with Robert de Brus and his nobles upon a truce.
Ordered to deliver the custody of Norham Castle, with
its armature and provisions, to John Darcy, cousin of
the King.
Empowered 16 December 1318 to raise and arm
all the men and tenants on his lands beyond the
Trent. Summoned generally 9 May 1324 to attend
the Great Council. Had a grant of ,£100 a year out
of the issues of the manor and town of Kingston-
upon-Hull, which he holds for life, confirmed by the
King 26 January 1327-8.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 773;; ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 659 ; II. div. 3, 980; C.S.D. ; Archxologia, xxi.,
pt. I, 218; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum,
10,526, 13,40x5.
CORD XXIV.
(64) Walter, Xoro of fauconberg.
(65) -Roger le Strange, loro of eilesmere.
(87) 3obn fits fl&armaoufce, Xoro of Doroen.
(66) 3obn le Breton, Xoro of Sporle.
( The position of this Seal, taken from Series B., is determine!! hy tht
endorsement of Series A.)
(86) feenr? &e (Bre^, lort> of Co^nor.
DC fauconberg.
fcss
1'ithic panel.
three
SIGILLVM : WAI
WAI \IVOX1
I Cleveland, u;.', and < i
<\ Vorksli, •Itcr, by A
coheir -of Peter de I'.nis of Skelton <
\vh •• *ent, a lion rampant azure).
He or his father served in the U'elsh wars, .aid
•••) de Hovynton (Boynton), on his behalf,
third
part (if the I'.rus lands.
against Lewelin, ! 'noncd to
attend the muster at \\ .
. attend
N
to tlu: |iarlianient .
•
•
of l^ewelin.
l>ear 15 July 1287 eym
at a military ' .
nd, Karl ut ( 8 June 1294,' with
y other " ina: attend the King
•on i!i ;;h) fron
general surmii"- ::ithe Ku
in < r.l
7 Jul>' '
; the shie
D!€ FAVCVM8G€.
•irthwith t.
un.i. \\'areniH.
o i, and .
he join.-d.in the letter add"
,rt ^
AVR.
\Vrii
, was
-
; lor the ;
.
and had
Cat. A
WALTER HE FAUCONRERG.
•65
Oltaltcr Ue f auconberg.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 1295 TO 24 JULY 1301.
SEAL, 1301.— A fess and in chief three palets ; the shield surrounded by scrolls within a
sizefoyle Gothic panel.
»fc SIGILLVM : WALC DJ€ FAVCVMB'G€.
WALTER UE FAUCONBERG, of Skelton
Castle, in Cleveland, 1272, and of Ryse in
Holdernesse, &c., in Yorkshire (/. Walter, by Agnes,
sister and co-heir of Peter de Brus of Skelton Castle,
who bore argent, a lion rampant azure).
He or his father served in the Welsh wars, and
by Ingram de Bovynton (Boynton), on his behalf,
proffered the service of one knight's fee for one-third
part of the Brus lands. Served in the first expedition
against Lewelin, Prince of Wales. Summoned to
attend the muster at Worcester July 1277, before the
Constable (Bohun) and the Earl Marshal (Bigod).
Served also in the second Welsh expedition ; sum-
moned to attend the muster at Worcester 17 May
1282, and at Montgomery May 1283. Summoned
to the parliament at Shrewsbury 30 September 1283
for the trial of David, brother of Lewelin ; the writ
(28 June) recites the misdeeds, trespasses and death
of Lewelin.
Summoned to appear 15 July 1287 tquis et arnris
at a military Council to be held at Gloucester before
Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, also 8 June 1294, with
about sixty other " magnates," to attend the King
on urgent affairs, and excepted (i4th) from the
general summons to serve with the King's expedition
into Gascony, but summoned to attend the muster at
Portsmouth i September for service in Gascony.
Ordered to muster at London 7 July 1297 for service
in parts beyond the seas ; the King embarked for
Flanders 22 August.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and summoned
to attend musters at Norham June 1291, and at
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Carlisle, York and Berwick-
upon Tweed 1296-1303. Enjoined 6 October 1297
to proceed forthwith to Scotland to join the for. cs
under Joh'es de Warenne, Earl of Surrey and
Sussex (sic).
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE FAUCUMH'CIK
he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part as
on the part of the " Communitas " of England, and
attached his seal as shown.
Writ of diem clausit extremum tested at Burstwick
6 November, 32 Ed. I., 1304; the Brus lyon was
assumed in lieu of the Fauconbcrg coat.
His son Walter petitioned in 1314 for the restora-
tion of the manor of Hert, held of his family by three
generations of Bruces, granted on the forfeiture of
Robert, Earl of Carrick, to the late Robert de Clifford.
He lost his eldest son and his people slain at Stirling,
and had to ransom his youngest son for 500 marks.—
Cal. Scots. Docs.
.Authorities. - Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 352 ; Parlia-
mentary Writs, I., 591 ; I'.S.D. ; Aroh-i-ologia, xxi., pi. I,
214 ; Dr. Kirch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 9,637.
i66
ROGER LE STRANGE OF ELLESMERE.
Boger Ic Strange of <£UeBtwre,
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 24 JUNE 1295 AND 26 AUGUST 1296.
SEAL, 1301. — Two lyons passant, within a bordure engrailed for a mark of cadency. The
shield suspended by the guige from a hook amidst scroll work.
SIR ROGER LE STRANGE, of Ellesmere,
Salop, by gift of his brother Hamon, who died
on crusade in the Holy Land. Sheriff of Yorkshire
1 269 and 1272. As bailiff of the honour of Pec (Peak),
in Derbyshire, he was prosecuted for various extortions
1273. Justice of the forests citra Trentam 1285, and
justice in eyre of the forests in the county of Derby,
&c., 1297. Steward of the Household 1279-80.
This marcher lord was ordered 28 December
1276 to prohibit his vassals from furnishing provisions
or supplies to the Welsh rebels. He was summoned
to the muster at Worcester July 1277 for service in
person in the first expedition against Lewelin, Prince
of Wales. Ordered 25 March 1282 to place himself
and his forces under Roger le Mortuo Mari (Mortimer),
captain and lieutenant for his part of the marches in
the second Welsh invasion, he was also ordered to
muster at Rhuddlan 2 August following.
Tenant by the courtesy of the third part of the
Barony of Beauchamp, performed his service in
Ellesmere by the King's command in the comitiva
of Roger le Mortuo Mari 10 Ed. I. On 30 October
of the same year he was appointed capitaneus of the
King's forces in the fortresses of Whitchurch,
Osewaldestre and Montgomery. Ordered also to
attend the muster at Montgomery May 1283, and
summoned to the parliament at Shrewsbury 30 Sep-
tember 1 283 for the trial of David, brother of Lewelin ;
the writ (28 June) recites the misdeeds, trespasses
and death of Lewelin.
Summoned to appear equis et armis at a military
Council at Gloucester before the regent, Edmund,
Earl of Cornwall, October 1288. Having been
appointed on 25 June commander of the expedition
against Resus films Mereduci (Rhys ab Maredudd,
i.e. ap Meredyth), Peter Corbet, Bogo dc Knovill,
Fulk FitzWarine, John L'Estrange, and Owen //
Griffin were commanded to obey him. Enjoined
14 November 1287, and again 12 November 1288, to
reside on his demesnes and lordships until the
rebellion of " Resus " should be put down.
King's messenger at the Court of Rome 1291-2.
Summoned to muster at Portsmouth i September
1294 for military service in person in Gascony.
Ordered 1 8 and 27 October 1294 to join the forces
under Richard, Earl of Arundel, destined for the relief
of the Castle of Bere, then besieged by Madog ab
Morgan and Maelgwn Vychan, who were in revolt.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as DOMINUS DE ELLESMERE
in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 February
1300-1) by the Barons, as well on their part as
on the part of the " Communitas " of England, and
attached his seal as here shown.
In 1303 he sent the service of one knight's fee,
for which Bartholomew de Badlesmere obtained writ
of exoneration. In 1306 he had the grant of the
manor of Hitchin for life. Died July or August 1311.
Authorities. —Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 352 ; Nicolas'
Synopsis, 766« ; Parliamentary Writs, I., 849; II. div. 3,
1471 ; C.S.D. ; Archa-ologia, xxi., pt. I, 215; see Dr. Birch's
Catalogue of Seals, British Museum 11,315.
JOHN FITZMARMADUKE.
167
NEVER SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT.
SEAL, 1301. — A fess between three popinjays, encircled by the legend
CR€D€ MICHI.
T OHN FITZMARMADUKE, eldest son of Mar-
maduke FitzGeffrey, lord of Hordene, in the
Bishopric of Durham. As a knight he per-
formed service in the second Welsh invasion, due
by the Bishop of Durham ; summoned to attend the
muster at Rhuddlan 2 August 1282.
Although his name does not appear in the military
summons to Scotland, he fought at the battle of Falkirk
22 July 1298, and was one of the besiegers of
Caerlaverock Castle u July 1300.
Oe Johan le fis Mermenduk,
Ke tuit prifoient, prince e due,
E autre ke li conoiflbient,
La baniere renbelliflbient
La feffe e li trois papegai,
Ke a davifer blancs en rouge ai.
Of John Fitzmarmaduke,
Whom all esteemed, prince and duke,
And others who knew him,
The banner was adorned
With fess and three popinjays,
Which were painted white on a red field.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as JOH'S FIL' MERMEDUCI, D'N'S.
DE HORDENE, in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February 1300-1) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of England,
and attached his seal as here shown.
Ordered to keep the Earl of Lincoln's lands at
Strogrith 15 February till Easter 1302, with twenty
men-at-arms, his pay to be sent to Bothwell Castle
monthly. The next year he, with Robert Haunsard,
led 500 men from the Bishopric, to muster at Gates-
head, on their way to join the King at Roxburgh.
Authorised by the community of the Bishopric of
Durham to accept the King's mediation between them
and the Bishop. Commanded 30 September 1307 to
assist the Earl of Richmond in expelling Robert de
Brus and the Scottish rebels from Galloway, and
also (18 October) to repair to Scotland with all his
forces as well for the defence of the country in
general as of his own possessions in particular.
Thanked for his fidelity (20 May 1308) and re-
quested to continue stationed in the garrison in
which he then was. In June Joint Warden beyond
the Scottish sea between Forth and Orkney. His
armour "and provisions in a vessel bound for Perth
were arrested off Yarmouth in 1309. Warden or
Governor of St. John's town or Perth 1310 until his
death after September 1311. His bones were buried
in Durham Cathedral.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 7.72/1 ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 604; II. div. 3, 865; C.S.D. ; Arcrueologia, xxi.,
pt. I, 222; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 139; Caerlaverock
Roll, ed. Wright, 34, 28, 29.
i68
JOHN LE BRETON.
3iol)n le Breton.
NEVER SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT.
SEAL, 1301. — Per cross and a bordure; the shield suspended from a hook and encircled by
the legend, amidst scroll work.
A : TVZ SALVZ.
JOHN LE BRETON, of Sporle, in Norfolk, has
been identified with John le Breton of Essex
(v. Morant, History of Essex n. 241, and
Blomfield's History of Norfolk in., p. 341). He
appears to have been the son of William le Bretun,
who died 45 Henry III. Sir F. Palgrave, the
editor of the "Parliamentary Writs," doubts whether
all the entries here grouped relate to one individual.
Summoned to attend the muster at Worcester
17 May 1282 for the second invasion of Wales.
Knight of the shire for Essex in the parliament
at Westminster July 1290. Enrolled (1296) for the
defence of the sea coast. A knight holding lands
within the county of Essex, but non-resident in the
county. " Gustos " of the city of London 1296, and
for the protection of the sea coast ; was present in
the Court of Aldermen and Common Council
29 March, and on 3 November for the purpose of
electing citizens, to appear in the Bury St. Edmund's
parliament.
Summoned to a military Council to be held
before Edward, the King's son and lieutenant in
England, at Gloucester July 1287, and again 22 Sep-
tember 1 297 ; on 10 October he was one of those who
engaged to induce the King to remit his displeasure
against the Earls of Hereford and Norfolk and John
de Ferrers, consequent on their refusal to serve
in Gascony without the King.
Though not summoned to the parliament at
Lincoln, he joined as D'N'S. DE SPORLE in the letter
addressed to the Pope (12 February 1300-1) by the
Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
" Communitas " of England, and attached his seal as
shown.
Summoned from the counties of Norfolk and
Suffolk to perform military service in person against
the Scots, and to muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed
24 June 1301.
Commanded (18 Tanuary) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308.
By inquisition taken 21 June 4 Ed. II. it was
found that he died possessed of certain demesnes in
Boxsted, Essex, and that Matilda, the daughter of
Johannes le Breton, junior, wife of Richard de la
Rivere, was his next heir.
Autliorilies. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 771?* ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 497 ; II. div. 3, 592 ; Archreologia, xxi., pt. I, 222 ;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 7,783.
HENRY I)E GREY, LORD OF CODNOR.
169
De d5rep, Hotfc of CoDnor.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 6 AUOUST 1 308.
SEAL, 1301. — Barry; the shield suspended from a trifurcated bough, issuing on both sides,
and encircled by the legend.
* L€l T€
S . . VNT€.
HENRY GREY, of Codnore, co. Derby (/
John of the same), was summoned to appear
equis et armis at a military Council at Gloucester
July 1287, before Edmund, Earl of Gloucester. Seven
years later he was summoned (8 June 1294) with
about sixty other " magnates " to attend the King
upon urgent affairs, and excepted (t4th) from the
general summons to serve with the King's expedition
into Gascony, but in November 1295 summoned to
attend the muster at Plymouth for service in person ;
also to muster at Sandwich in November and
December 1297, and the next month at London, for
service in Flanders; the King had embarked 22 August.
Served also in the wars with the Scots ; summoned
to attend musters at Nottingham 7 July 1297, at
York 25 May 1298, and at Carlisle 24 June 1300.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and
was one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle
ii July 1300.
Henri de Grai vi-je la,
Ki ben e noblement ala
Ovec fon bon feignour le Conte ;
Banier avoit, e par droit conte,
Be fis pecys la vous mefur,
Barree de argent e de afur.
I saw there Henry de Grey,
Who well and nobly attended
With his good lord the Earl.
He had a banner, and reckoned rightly,
I give it you as of six pieces
Barry of silver and blue.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as D'N'S. DE CODENORE in the
Barons' letter addressed to the Pope (12 February
1300-1), as well on their part as on the part of the
" Communitas " of England, and attached his seal as
shown.
In 31 Edward I., 1303, he granted his manor of
Barton in Ridale to Nicholas de Grey.
Lord Grey and his consort were summoned
(8 February) as from the County of Essex to attend
the Coronation in the train of the King and Queen
25 February 1307-8 ; he died shortly after.
Having performed service 28 and 31 Edward I.,
Richard, his son and heir, obtained writ of exoneration
14 March 1315.
Authorities.- Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 348 ; Nicolas'
Synopsis, 764/1 ; Parliamentary Writs, I., 645; II. div. 3,
749; Arckeologia, xxi., pt. I, 207-8; Scotland in 1298,
Falkirk, 132 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, «/. Wright, 3 ; l)r.
Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 10,254.
CORD XXV.
(95) wuiltam oe "Res, Xoro of Ibamlahc.
(94) THflaltcr oe flDoncy, Xorb of Gbornton.
(97) IRalpb jfit3MUliam, Xor& of (5rimtborpe.
(96) iRicbolas &c fDegmll, Xort> of Mborlton.
.
ftftilltam fte
of $amlafce.
W"
WILL€LMI D€ ROS.
he
< the c<
<*nsto &er\c •rfl> f|
1 finally :.
moneH
her 12*.; I'-.nlie
/ writ (jS Sin
\\ .
ami
of Willum-
Gnflli
I fu rouge o tr
Though not
•in, he joined as I " .1 the
addressed to the . '.ruary 1300 i)
by tli' .is well on their part as on t!
the "Commuii id, and al
>wn.
quired 1: .1 right of liis rtif
The I-
on the re!>elli;
had joined th<
for other land i,g.
Enjoined .• ,,jlf e,juit
.
niiuth ;i S
"Gusto
'3«S-
-
the i"
• inuary) t
• his fidelity (20 May 1308)
me stationed in the garrison in
intly(2i June) with
'
of th. t' the
June and utwacaet
people . his coi
k 16
WILLIAM DE ROS OF HAM LAKE.
"73
CTOUtam De ftos of ^amlafte.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 23 JUNE 1295 TO 6 OCTOBER 1315.
SEAL, 1301. — Three water bougets ; the shield between two decorative wyverns sans wings.
& S' WILL€LMI D€ ROS.
WILLIAM fit. Robert de Ros, knight, performed
the military service due from Robert his
father in 1277, via. six knight's fees, three for his own
inheritance and three for the inheritance of his wife, who
was a daughter of Willielmus de Albiniaco (Albini), per-
formed by himself and three knights and four servientes."
Served in both expeditions against Lewelin, Prince
of Wales, summoned to attend the muster at Wor-
cester in July 1277 (was in the King's suite) ; also to
attend the musters at Worcester 1 7 May, and at Rhudd-
lan 2 August 1282, and finally at Montgomery in May
of the following year. He and his father were summoned
to the council or parliament at Shrewsbury 30 Septem-
ber 1 283 for the trial of David, brother of I^ewelin ; the
writ (28 June) recites the misdeeds, trespasses and
death of Lewelin.
One of the competitors to the Scottish Crown in
1292 as descended from Isabel, an illegitimate daugh-
ter of William the Lyon.
With about sixty other
" magnates " he was sum-
moned 8 June 1294 to attend
the King upon urgent affairs
of the realm ; and (i4lh) was
excepted from the general sum-
mons to serve with the King's
expedition into Gascony;
ordered to attend the muster
at Plymouth i November 1295 for service in JHTSOII
— was serving in Gascony 24 January 1297.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and sum-
moned to attend musters at Norham 1291, at
Carlisle, Berwick-upon-Tweed and Newcastle-u[x>n-
Tyne 1300 17. Governor of the l>order castle of
Werke. Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July
1298 ; was one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock
Castle ii July 1300.
Guillemes de Ros affemblans
I fu rouge o trois bouz blans.
William de Ros along with them
Was red with three white bougets.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as DVs. DE HAMELAKE in the
letter addressed to the Pope (12 February 1300-1)
by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of
the " Communitas " of England, and attached his seal
as shown.
Acquired Belvoir Castle in right of his mother.
The King gave him Werke Castle 2 December 1302
on the rebellion of his cousin, Robert de Ros, who
had joined the Scots. His son exchanged Werke
for other lands in 1317 at the request of the King.
Enjoined 20 January 1303 to place himself equis
et armis and all his forces, under the command of
John de Segrave, the King's lieutenant in Scotland ;
who was defeated at Rosslyn, near Edinburgh, 24
February. One of the "Custodes," i.e. Warden of
the marches (8 November 1307), appointed to resist
the incursion of the Scots.
Summoned (tg January) to attend the ceremony
of the King's Coronation in Westminster Abbey
25 February 1307-8.
Thanked for his fidelity (20 May 1308) and
requested to continue stationed in the garrison in
which he then was. Appointed, jointly (21 June) with
the Earl of Angus, to act as the King's lieutenant and
"Gustos" in Scotland, and also (16 August) in certain
events one of the chief " Custodes " or commanders
of the Lowland country to " guard this side of the
Scottish sea between Berwick and the water of Forth,
also of the marches of Annandale and Carrick and
Galloway."
Earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to attend
the muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 Septemlx.-r.
Proffered and performed the service of two knight's
fees, performed by four " servientes " with four barded
horses; muster at Tweedmouth 2 1 Septemlx;r 1310.
"Custodes" of the marches of Northumberland
2 August 1313, and of the counties beyond Trent
3 January 1315.
Sent his service for three knight's fees 28 and 34
Edward I., for which he obtained his writ of exonera-
tion 29 May 1315. Requested 30 August to continue
stationed in the northern parts during the winter
cam]wign, the Scots having invaded the bishopric in
June and unsuccessfully besieged Carlisle 22 July
to i August Appointed 20 August 1316 to raise
and arm the inhabitants of the East Riding of York.
Proclamations were ordered to be mad; desiring the
people to obey his commands in relation to the
general armament; writ 20 August 1316.
Writ of diem clausit (xtremiim tested at York 16
August, 10 Edward II., 1316; buried in Kirkham
Abbey.
Autkorilits. Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 348 ; Nicolas'
Synopsis, 76411 ; Parliamentary Writs, I., 809; C.S.D. ;
Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 137 ; Roll of Caerlaverock, id.
Wright, 8 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum,
«3.°93-
'74
WALTER UE MOUNCY.
Walter &e
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 22 FEBRUARY 1306-7.
SEAL, 1301. — Chequy ; on a helm a dead fox?
S' WALTCRI : D€ : MOVNCI.
WALTER UE MOUNCY, of Thornton in Skip-
ton, Yorkshire, served in the wars with the
Scots, and was summoned to attend musters at Carlisle
and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1299-1308. Fought at
the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298; on 25 October
following he had a grant for life of all Eyries of
Gentil Falcons in the King's demesne lands in Scot-
land in return for the yearly payment at the Gule of
August of " deux piers bien affaitez.'' He served also
at the siege of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July 1 300.
Wautiers de Money ajoustez
Eftoit en cele compaigneye ;
Kar tuit furent de une maifnie.
Added to these Walter de Money
Was in that company ; *
For they were all of one household.
Earl Warenne ; Percy and Fit/. Payne.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1 ; as DVs. DE THORNETON he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, and attached
his seal as shown.
He died keeper of Framlingham Castle 2 Ed. II.
1308.
Authorities. - Parliamentary Writs, I., 754; II. div. 3,
1212; liankes' Bar. Angl. Cone, ii., 105; Archjeologia, xxi.,
pt. I, 216,217; C.S.D. ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 151;
Roll of Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 6 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue
of Seals, British Museum, 11,988.
RALl'H FITZWILUAM.
'75
SUMMONED TO t'AKLIAM EXT 24 JUNE 1295 TO 6 OCTOBKK 1315.
SEAL, 1 301. — Barry (8) with three chaplets. Over the shield a helm with fan plume ; on either
side a wingless wyvern.
S' RADVLFI : FIL' : WILL'I.
RALPH FITZWILLIAM, of Grimthorpe, York
(f.2 William and his wife Joan, daughter of
Thomas de Greystock), proffered the service due from
William de Greystock, for the first Welsh invasion,
to attend the muster at Worcester and Carmarthen
in July 1277 ; his service transferred by the King
to Edmund, Earl of Lancaster, to be performed under
the latter in West Wales. Served also in the second
Welsh invasion, and summoned to attend the muster
at Worcester 17 May 1282. Ordered to appear July
1287 with horses and arms at a military Council to be
held at Gloucester before Edmund, Earl of Cornwall.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and summoned
to attend musters at Norham June 1291, and at
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Carlisle, York and Berwick-
upon-Tweed 1297-1316. Ordered to muster at
London in July 1297 for service in parts beyond the
Rauf le filz Guillieme autrement
Ke cil de Valence portoit ;
Car en lieu des merlos mettoit
Trois chapeaus de rofis vermeilles,
Ki bien avienent a mervellez.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, andas D'N'S. DEGRIMTHOKPK
he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, and attached
his seal as shown.
Enjoined 20 January 1303 to place himself e</uis
et armis and all his forces, under the command of
John de Segrave, to repress the Scots rebels, by whom
they were defeated at Rosslyn 24 February. On 24 May
Sir Rauf proceeded to join Aymer de Valence with
1 3 men-at-arms, " he to be retained and not allowed
to leave the King's service as he did once before,
seas. Appointed on the i2th " Capitaneus" of the
garrisons and fortresses in Northuml>erland. Sum-
moned to a military Council to be held before Edward,
the King's son and lieutenant in England, tt Sep-
tember, from which he was discharged on the 24th
and enjoined to proceed forthwith to Scotland to join
the forces under John de Warenne, Earl of Surrey
and Sussex (sif), who had been defeated by Wallace
at Stirling Bridge on the nth. Named 1 8 October
as one of the captains of the Scottish marches.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298. Ap-
pointed 25 November following leader and com-
mander of the forces raised in Yorkshire to muster
at Newcastle-upon-Tyne before William le I.itiiiu-r
the elder Concerned in raids in Galloway 7 and
8 September 1299, and served at the siege of
Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
Ralph Fit/-\Villiam differently
Bore from that of Valence ;
For instead of martlets he placed
Three chaplets of red roses,
Which Ijfcame him marvellously
giving a bad example to others, which offence he can
only amend by now remaining constantly." Com
manded 26 October 1309 to repair to his demesnes
in the marches, in order to defend the same against
the Scots. Earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to
attend the muster at Benrick-Upoo-Tweed on S Sep-
tember. Commanded 9 October 1311 to attend the
muster ,it ( 'urlisle 3 Novemlier, with twenty men-at-
arms, and to perform service in the marches, receiving
pay for the sane. Amonj; the adherents of Thomas of
Lancaster who received a pardon for their complicity
in the death of Gaveston. " Custos," i.e. Warden, of
the marches of Cumberland, 2 August 1313.
1 76
RALPH FITZ WILLIAM-NICHOLAS DE MEIN1LL
October " he reports that they are grievously menaced
with treason in Berwick, but if his garrison are loyal
they will defend it against the Kings of France and
Scotland for a while, till succour reaches them."
Specially appointed 9 January 1315 captain and
" Gustos," i.e. governor, of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and
the whole county of Northumberland, and on 2yd
March, Warden of Carlisle and the adjoining marches.
In June 1315 he informs the King that the news
from Cumberland and Northumberland is that Sir
Robert de Bruys is in the park of Duns collecting his
host either to attack the country towards York about
the quinzaine of St. John or to lay siege to Berwick.
Appointed 28 June 1316 one of the "Custodes"
appointed for the defence of the county of York against
the Scots. Empowered 20 August to raise and arm
the inhabitants of the North Riding of York.
He succeeded in 1305 to the lordship of Grey-
stock ; this name his grandson assumed, though not
the arms, gules, three lozenges argent (see page 181).
He founded the Greystoke Chantry in Tynemouth
priory, and died November 1315 ; buried at Nesham,
Co. Durham. The writ of diem clausit extremum
tested at Clarendon 18 February, 10 Ed. II.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 616 ; II. div. 3,
880; C.S.D. ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 138; RoIlofCaer-
laverock, ed. Wright, 8; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 9,798.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 22 MAY 1313 TO 14 MARCH 1321-2.
SEAL, 1301. — Defaced ; indication of two bars gemelles, the shield in a cusped panel, bearing
traces of foliage.
NICHOLAI : D€ : M€N
NICHOLAS DE MEINILL (and Baron) suc-
ceeded his father 2 7 Ed. I. (1298-9) ; served
in the wars with the Scots, and was summoned to attend
musters at Carlisle, Berwick-upon-Tweed, Newcastle-
upon-Tyne, Roxburgh (across the border), and at
York 1300-22.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as D'N'S. DE WHERLETON in the
letter addressed to the Pope 12 February 1300-1 by
the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
" Communitas " of England, and attached his seal as
indicated.
Commanded 9 October 1311 to attend the muster
at Newcastle 3 November with ten men-at-arms to
perform service in the marches (to oppose Bruce),
receiving pay for the same. Summoned 24 June 1312
to meet the King at Ponthell or Battle Bridge on the
28th to oppose Bruce. Commanded 20 February
1313 to continue resident in his country for the
defence thereof against the Scots. Chief " Gustos "
10 August 1314 of Clieveland and Blackhow-Moor,
and the Wapentakes of Bulmer, Ridal, and Bridford.
Commanded 4 January 1315 to continue stationed in
the marches for the defence thereof against the Scots ;
and on the 6th to assist in defending the counties
beyond Trent.
One of the " Majores Barones " informed of the
invasion of the Scots 1318, and empowered 25 October
to raise his men and tenants in the county of York.
Requested 21 April 1321 to co-operate in ap-
peasing the disturbances, and also to refrain from
attending any illegal confederacies or assemblies
(this in reference to the Despencers). Ordered
(12 November) to abstain from attending the
meeting of the " Good Peers " illegally convened by
the Earl of Lancaster to be held at Doncaster. The
battle of Boroughbridge was fought 17 March 1321-2.
Commanded 10 June 1322 to be ready to join the
King's forces with as many men as he could raise, upon
receiving two days' notice. He died s.p.l. in this year.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis,
Writs, I., 734; II. div. 3, 1161.
774« ; Parliamentary
CORD XXVI.
(>) John oc Xancastcr, lore of iBnsoale.
(45) ibu0b fits t>cnr\>, Xoro of 'Favcnswortb.
(4H) jobn t)e (Brc^stoch, Xoro of flDovpctb.
(47) iRooer oe 1buntinoftcl^, TLot^ of Kra^nbain.
DC Hancaster, lorD of
he shicl.
& S' : IOHANNIS : O€ : LON€CA3T€R.
T 0!1N
I Kydal //. mtt. C.ill>crt l-p
*
1
, ! 7.
Ord.
, cm\Wf>
.
1 )u . •
liciitcnar
***.
JOHN DE IJINCASTER, LORD OF GRISDALE.
• 79
3lo!)n Ue Lancaster, lord of d&rts&ale.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 2Q DECEMBER 1299 TO 12 DECEMBER 1309.
SEAL, 1301.— Two bars, on a canton a passant lyon ; the shield resting on three lilies of France.
ft S' : IOHANNIS : D€ : LON€CAST€R.
JOHN DE LANCASTER, of Rydal, in Westmor-
land (/. Roger of Rydal//. naf. C.ilhert Fitx-
Reinfride), served in the wars with the Scots,
and was summoned to attend musters at Norham
1291, and at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Carlisle, York,
and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1296-1317.
Ordered to muster at Portsmouth i September
1294 for service in Gascony. Summoned to the
parliament or Council at Salisbury 24 February 1 297,
and to muster at London in July for service in parts
beyond the seas ; the King embarked for Flanders
Acompainiez a eel gent
Thomas de Moultone fe fu,
Ky avoit baner e efcu
De argent, o treis barres de goulys.
Ses armes ne furent pas foules
D'efiente en le apparellement ;
Kar teles ot refemblantment
Johans de Langcastre entre meins,
Mes ke en lieu de une barre meins,
Quartier rouge e jaune lupart.
22 August. Ordered to appear (6 October) cquit et
armis at a military Council Injfore Edward, the King's
son and lieutenant in England, but discharged from
attendance and enjoined 24 Septemt>er to proceed
forthwith to Scotland to join the forces under John
de Warren, Earl of Surrey and Sussex (sic). Ordered
14 November to place himself under the command of
Robert de Clyfford. A banneret 19 July 1299 pre-
paring a foray on the Scots, with 2 knights and
7 esquires with 10 larded horses. He was one of
the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
In company with these people
Was Thomas de Mutton,*
Who had a banner and shield
Of silver, with three Ixirs gules.
His arms were not single
In character and design ;
For such as resembled them had
John de Lancaster in his hands ;
But who, in the place of a l>ar less,
Bore a red quarter with a yellow leopard.
* See page 86.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln in St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE
GRISDAI.K he joined in the letter addressed to the 1'ope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part as
on the part of the "Communitas" of England, and
attached his seal as here shown.
Enjoined 20 January 1303 to place himself ti/nis
et armis and all his forces, under the command of
John de Segrave, the King's lieutenant in Scotland,
who was defeated at Rosslyn 24 February. Ordered
5 April 1306 to place himself under the command of
Henry de Percy, the King's locum tenens on the
Scottish borders. In 1303 (31 Ed. I.) and 1306
(34 Ed. 1.1 he performed his service in Scotland for
two knight's fees.
A conservator of the peace for Westmorland 1307.
Commanded 26 October 1 309 to repair to his demesnes
in the marches in order to defend the same against
the Scots. Earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to
attend the muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 Septem-
ber. Proffered the service of one knight's fee and a
half, [>erformed by three " servientes " with barded
horses, muster .it Tweedmouth 14 Octolic-r 1310.
At the siege of Carlisle 30 November 1314 he had
50 men-at-arms and 15 esquires with hobelers and
archers.
As one ot the adherents of Thomas, Earl of
I,ancaster, he obtained a pardon i November 1318 by
consent of parliament for all felonies and trespawes
committed by him up to the ;th August then last past.
A commissioner of array for Westmorland May
1322, named as a banneret (June). Generally sum
moned 9 May 1324 to attend the ('.real Council at
\\ estminsteron the 3Oth : said to have died in 1334.
Authorities.— Dignity of a I'eer. 4th Report, 351: I'mrlia-
mentary Writs, I., 694; II. <liv. 3, 1067; C.S.I). ; Roll of
Caerlaverock, «1. Wright, 3 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals,
British Museum, 11,368.
i8o
HUGH FIT/. HENRY.
NEVER SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT.
SEAL, 1301. — Pretty and a chief; the shield suspended from a trifurcated bough.
S' : H' : FIL' : H€NRICI.
HUGH FITZ HENRY, feudal lord of Ravens-
worth, in Richmondshire (f. Henry Fitz
Randolph), served in the wars with the Welsh and
Scots.
Summoned to perform military service in person
against Lewelin, Prince of Wales, to attend the muster
at Worcester for the first invasion of Wales July 1277,
and five years after for the second invasion, at Wor-
cester 17 May, and at Rhuddlan 2 August 1282.
Summoned to appear equis et armis at a military
council to be held at Gloucester before Edmund, Earl
of Cornwall, July 1291.
Summoned 8 June 1294 with about sixty other
" magnates " to attend the King upon urgent affairs
of the realm, and (on the i4th) excepted from the
general summons to serve with the King's expedition
into Gascony. Ordered to muster for service against
the Scots at Norham the month before, at Newcastle-
upon-Tyne i March 1296, at York 25 May 1298,
at Carlisle 24 June 1300, and at Berwick-upon-Tweed
24 June 1301.
Though he was not summoned to the parliament
of Lincoln, he joined as D'N'S. DE RAVENSWORTH in
the letter addressed to the Pope 12 February 1300-1
by the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of
the " Communitas " of England, and attached his seal
as shown.
He died at Berwick-upon-Tweed in March 1303-4 ;
his son, Henry Fitz Hugh, was summoned to parlia-
ment 15 May 1321.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 77 \n ; Parliamentary
Writs, I. 602; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum,
9.723-
JOHN DE GREYSTOCK.
181
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT AS "A BARON" 24 JUNE 1295 TO 22 JANUARY 1304-5.
SEAL, 1301. — Three lozenges ; the shield surmounted of a trifurcatcd bough, and on cither
side a wingless wyvern.
& SIGILLVM : IOHANNIS : D€ : GR6YSTOK.
JOHN DE GREYSTOCK, of Greystqck, in Cum-
berland, served in the wars with the Scots and
was summoned to musters at Norham, June 1291,
and at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Carlisle, York, and
Berwick-upon-Tweed 1296-1306.
Summoned 8 June 1294 with about sixty other
" magnates " to attend the King upon urgent affairs
of the realm, and on the i4th was excepted from the
general summons to serve with the King's expedition
into Gascony. Ordered to muster at London 7 July
1297 for service in parts beyond the seas. The King
embarked for Flanders 22 August.
Though not summoned to the parliament of
Lincoln, he joined as D'n's. L>E MORPATH in the letter
addressed to the Pope 12 February i^oo-i by the
Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
" Communitas " of England, and attached his seal as
shown.
Enjoined 20 January 1303 to place himself
et armis and all his forces, under the command of
Johannes de Segrave, the King's lieutenant in Scot-
land, who was defeated at Rosslyn 24 February.
Commanded 5 April 1306 to serve against Brus,
under Henry de Percy, the King's lieutenant in
Cumberland and Galloway, &c.
Having sent his services in Scotland for two
knight's fees 28 Ed. I., his executors obtained writs of
exoneration tested at Lincoln 10 February 1315-16.
He is said to have died 1305 6.
It is noteworthy that Edmund de Stafford and
John de Greystock afford the only instances of a
summons to parliament by the style of Baron.
Authorities.— Nicolas' Synopsis, 773/1 ; Parliamentary
Writs, I., 648; II. div. 3,956; C.S.D. ; Arch-wlonia, xxi.,
pt. I, 219.
182
ROGER DE HUNTJNGFIELD,
tie $untingfiel&.
NEVER SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT.
SEAL, 1301. — On a fess three roundles ; the shield suspended by a strap, on either side a
decorative vvyvern, sans wings, and endorsed.
^ S' ROG€RI : D€ : HVNTINGF6LD.
ROGER DE HUNTINGFIELD was of rare
historic descent, for William his father was
one of the rebel Barons at Evesham, and his grand-
father one of the twenty-five Barons chosen to enforce
the Magna Charta.
Roger was summoned 8 June 1294 with about
sixty other " magnates " to attend the King upon
urgent affairs of the realm, and on the i4th he was
excepted from the general summons to serve with the
King's expedition into Gascony. Ordered to muster
at Portsmouth i September 1 294 and again in July
1297 for service against the King of France in parts
beyond the seas. The King embarked for Flanders
22 August.
Summoned to the parliament at Salisbury, Sunday
24 February 1296-7, and to appear 8 September
following equis et armis at a military Council at
Rochester before Edward, the King's son and lieu-
tenant in England.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and sum-
moned to attend musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne
i March 1296 and 6 December 1297, at York 25
May 1298, at Carlisle 24 June 1300, and at Berwick-
upon-Tweed 24 June 1301.
Though not summoned to the parliament at
Lincoln, he joined as DVs. DE BRADENHAM in the
letter addressed to the Pope 12 February 1300-1 by
the Barons, as well on their part as on the part of the
"Communitas" of England, and attached his seal as
shown.
Authorities. — Nicolas' Synopsis, 141;*, 242;;, 77 1« ; Par-
liamentary Writs, I., 677; Bankes' Bar. Aug. Cone. Archreologia,
xxi. , pt. I, 222; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British
Museum, 10,927.
THE EIGHT BARONS
Whose seals do not appear to have been affixed to either copy of
the Letter; they were not in existence when the copy (B) was
made by command of Thomas Earl of Arundel in 1611 — he became
Earl Marshal 29 Aug. 1621. These Barons are named as parties to
the Letter, and all of them were summoned to the Parliament at
Lincoln :—
IRobcrt Jfit3 "Roger.
"Koficr la UQarre.
3obn fce •Riparits.
•Ralph piparfc.
3obn £n0at>ne.
3obn HP Hfcam.
•Ricbolas DC Searave.
3obn &e X'tsle.
ROBERT I-IT/. ROGER.
185
iaobert jftts IRoger.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 2 NOVEMItEK 1295 TO 26 OCTOIIER 1309.
ARMS, 1298. -Porte esquartelc dor et dc goules a un baston dc sable.— Falkirk Roll.
Quarterly or and gules, a baston sable.
ROBERT FITZ ROGER, lord of Clavering, in
Essex, of Warkworth, Northumberland, and
of Horsford, Norfolk (//. Roger Fitz John, of the
same), was in ward to William de Valence, half-
brother to the King.
One of the " magnates " present in the Council
held at Westminster 12 November 1276 on judg-
ment being given against Lewelin, Prince of Wales.
Ordered to attend the muster at Worcester July 1277
for the first Welsh invasion, again at Worcester 1 7 May,
and at Rhuddlan August 1282 (also at Montgomery
May 1283) for the second invasion, when he
acknowledged the service of eight knight's fees and
performed the same. Summoned to the parliament
at Shrewsbury 30 September 1283 for the trial of
David, brother of Lewelin. The writ (28 June) re-
cites the misdeeds, trespasses, and death of Lewelin.
A benefactor to Balliol College, Oxford, January
1287 8; ^20 yearly secured on his lands in
Buckingham, Northumberland, sic.
Summoned to appear equis et armis at a military
Council to be held at Gloucester before Edmund,
Earl of Cornwall, July 1287. Excepted 14 June
1294 from the general summons to serve with the
King's expedition into Gascony. Enrolled 24 Ed-
ward I. ( 1 296) for the defence of the sea coast as a
knight holding lands within the county of Essex but
non-resident in the county. Ordered to serve in
parts beyond the seas and to muster at London July
1297. The King embarked for Flanders 22 August.
Summoned to a military Council before Edward,
the King's son and lieutenant in England, July 1297,
again at Rochester 8 September ei/nis et armis, and
on the 3<3th also at London.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and summoned
to attend musters at Norham June 1291, and at
Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Carlisle, York, and Berwick -
upon-Tweed 1296 1309. One of the captains of
the Scottish marches (October and November) 1297.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and
was among the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle
1 1 July 1300.
Le bon Robert le Fiz Roger
Vi-je fa baniere arenger
Lez cele au Conte en cele alee,
De or e de rouge efquartelee
O un bende tainte en noir.
La Johan fon filz son hoir,
Ky de Claveringhe a furnoun
Ne eftoit diverfe de rien noun,
Fors de un label vert foulement.
The good Robert Fit/ Roger
Saw I range his banner
With that of the Earl in that march
It was quarterly of gold and red
With a bend coloured black.
That of John his son and heir,
Who has the surname of Clavering,
Was not at all different.
Excepting only a green label.
The King's lieutenant in Northumberland 1300.
Summoned to the parliament at Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. UE
CLAVERINC. he joined in the letter addressed to the
Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well on their
part as on the part of the " Communitas " of Eng-
land ; but the impression of his seal was not in
existence in 1611.
Accompanied Sir John de Segrave in a foray
from Berwick August - September 1 302. On
20 January he was enjoined to place himself, with
horses and arms and all his forces, under de Scgr.u . .
the King's lieutenant in Scotland ; defeated at
Rosslyn 24 February. Ordered <; April (1303) with
Walter de Huntercombe to lead 1,000 men from
Northumberland to join the King at Roxburgh.
Engaged (26 March 1306) with Sir Alex, de
Clavering and Sir Will. Rydell, with "potent"
men-at-arms and foot soldiers of Northumberland,
Westmorland, and Cumberland, in keeping down the
1 86
ROBERT FITZ ROGER.— ROGER LA WAR RE.
King's enemies and rebels in Scotland. 14 April
captain of the Northumberland stipendiaries. Or-
dered 5 April to serve under de Valence, who
defeated the Scots at Methven, near Perth, 19 June.
Performed service 28 Edward I. (1300) for six
knight's fees, and obtained a grant from the King
of his scutage in the following year. He performed
the same 34 Edward I. (1306).
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308. One of the fifteen
" Ordainers " chosen by the Committee of six. All
sworn in the Painted Chamber 20 March 1310.
Writ of diem clausit extremum, dated at Wood-
stock 29 April, 3 Edward II., 1310, Johannes de
Clavering his son and heir.
Authorities. —Parliamentary Writs, I. ,610 ; II. div. 3, 873 ;
C.S.D. ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 131 ; Roll of Caer-
laverock, ed. Wright, 4.
ftoget la 2Harre.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO l6 JUNE 1311.
ARMS at Caerlaverock, see below. — Gules, crusily fitchee and a lyon rampant argent.
ROGER LA WARR, of Isfield, Sussex (or
Yffield, in Suffolk, of which Roger was
seised), held lands also at Wickwarr, in Gloucester-
shire, &c.
In 1278 he was returned from the county of
Sussex as holding one entire knight's fee either in
capite or by mesne tenure, and as such distrained to
receive knighthood. Ordered to muster at Worcester
May 1282 for service in person in the second in-
vasion into Wales. Summoned to appear equis et
armis at a military Council at Gloucester before
Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, July 1287.
He was one of sixty " magnates " summoned
8 June 1294 to attend the King upon urgent affairs
of the realm, and excepted (i4th) from the general
Rogers de la Ware ovec eus,
Uns chevalers fagis e preus,
Ki les armes ot vermellettis,
O blonc lyoun e croiffellettes.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE ISEFELD he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, but the im-
pression of his seal was not in existence in 1611.
Ordered to appear in the Exchequer at York
(July 1305) prepared and ready to proceed as the
King's ambassador to the Court of Rome. Sum-
moned (18 January) to attend the King's Coronation
25 February 1308.
Earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to attend the
muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 September follow-
ing. On 15 July 1311 he was also requested to
proceed against the Scots with as many followers as
he could raise. Bruce was then preparing to ravage
the north.
summons to serve with the King's expedition into
Gascony ; said to have been captain of the forces in
Gascony 1295.
Enrolled (1296) for the defence of the sea coast,
as a knight holding lands within the Rape of
Pevensey; generally summoned to serve equis et
armis in parts beyond the seas ; and to muster at
London July 1297. The King embarked for Flanders
22 August. Governor of the Castle of Burgh
1298.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and was
summoned to attend musters at Carlisle, York,
Berwick-upon-Tweed, Newcastle-upon-Tyne and at
Roxburgh, across the border, 1299-1319 ; one of the
besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle u July 1300.
With them was Roger de la Ware,
A wise and valiant knight,
Whose arms were vermilion,
With a white lyon and crosslets.
Obtained his writ of scutage for service sent
28, 31 and 34 Ed. I. in respect of the lands of
Thomas de Grele deceased, 25 June 1315.
Requested 30 August 1315 to continue stationed
in the northern parts during the winter campaign
consequent upon the invasion of the Bishopric and
the unsuccessful siege of Carlisle. As one of the
" Majores Barones " he is informed of the invasion
by the Scots 1318. In response to summons to
serve in person against the Scots he is returned by
the Sheriff of Rutland 20 June 1322 as "very unwell
and quite unable to serve, but will send his son John
in his stead."
Authorities Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 351 ; Par-
liamentary Writs, I., 894; II. div. 3, 1582; Roll of
laverock, eii. Wright, 7
/"//.V /)£ R/PAR/IS.—SJK KAl.l'H /'/I'AK1>.
3)ol)n DC Biparus,
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 26 AUGUST 1307.
ARMS, 1298.— Porte mafcli dor et de goules— b'alkirk Roll. Masculy 3,2, i, gules. Seal
attached to Harleian Charters, 55 D. 24, 25, 26.
JOHN RIVERS or de Ripariis, of Aungre
(Ongar), in Essex, was excepted (14 June 1294)
from the general summons to serve with the
King's expedition into Gascony. Enrolled 24 Ed. I.
(1296) for the sea coast as a non-resident knight,
holding lands in the county of Essex.
Served in the Scottish wars, and was summoned to
attend musters at < 'arlislc, York and Berwick-upon-
Twced 1299-1306. He fought at the battle of
Falkirk 22 July 1298, and was one of the besiegers
of Caerlaverock Castle n July 1300.
Johans de Riviers le appareil
Ot mascle de or e de vermeil
E par tant compare le a on
Au bon Morice de Croon.
John de Rivers had his caparisons
Mascally of gold and vermilion ;
And therefore similar to those
Of the good Maurice de Creon.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as JOH'S DE RIPAR,'
D'N'S. DE ANGRE, he joined in the letter addressed
to the Pope (12 February) by the Barons, as well
on their part as on the part of the " Communitas " of
England, but the impression of his seal was not in
existence in 1611.
Autkoritits. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 803 ; Scotland in
1298, Falkirk, 150; Koll of Cacrlaveruck, eJ. Wright, n;
Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum, 13,008-13,011.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 24 JULY 1302.
ARMS, 1298. — Porte dargent a deux fesses et le cauntel dafur et en le cauntel un quintcfoil
dor -Falkirk Roll. Argent, " une fess et demi," and on a canton azure a cinquefoylc or.
RALPH PIPARI), of Rotherfield Pipard, Oxon,
is said to be a younger son of Ralph Fitz
Nicholas, steward of the household of Hen. III.
Was in Ireland 1277 when Radulphus Dyne, knight,
John de Kingeston (page 159) and William Paret
" servientes " proffered, on his behalf, the service of
two knight's fees in Twyford, for the expedition
against Lewelin, Prince of Wales, at the musters at
Worcester and Carmarthen in July. The King
transferred this service at the request of John Giffard
le Boef to Edmund, Earl of Lancaster. Ordered to
muster at Worcester 17 May 1282 for the second
invasion of Wales, and again at Montgomery in May
1 283 for service against the Welsh. He acknowledges
the service of two knight's fees performed in the
" comitiva " of the Earl of Cornwall, by the King's
command. Summoned to the parliament at Shrews-
bury 30 September 1283 for the trial of David,
brother of Lewelin. The writ (28 June) recites the
misdeeds, trespasses and death of Lewelin. Ordered
to appear equis et armis at a military Council at
Gloucester before Edmund, Earl of Cornwall, July
1287.
Summoned to the parliament at Salisbury 24 Feb-
ruary 1296-7 ; and ordered to muster at London in
July 1 297 for service in parts beyond the seas ; the King
embarked for Flanders 22 August. Summoned to
appear 8 and 22 September following ti/uis et armii at
a military Council at Rochester before Edward, the
King's son and lieutenant in England. Ordered to
attend the muster for sen-ice in Flanders at Sandwich
in December, and at London on 2 January 1297-8.
Served in the wars with the Scots. Summonnl to
attend musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Nottingham,
York, Carlisle, and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1296-1303.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. UK LINFORD he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, but the im-
pression of his seal was not in existence in 1611.
Governor of Bolsover and Hareston Castles in
Derbyshire 1302. Performed military service 28 Ed. I.
1300 for two knight's fees, for which Ralph le Botiler
and Emma his wife afterwards obtained exoneration.
In consequence of his death his lands and tenements
were seised into the King's hands 20 June 1302.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 784; II. diT. 3,
1294; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 155 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue
of Seals, British Museum, 12,652-7.
A A
i88
JOHN DE ENGA YNE.—JOHN AP ADAM.
3Jol)n tie Cngapne.
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO IS MAY 1321.
ARMS, 1298.— Porte de goules od la croyz patee dor— Falkirk Roll. Gules, crusily and a
fess dancettee or.
JOHN ENGAYNE, 01 Pytchley, in Northamp-
tonshire, and Dillington, in Hunts. Performed
homage for his father's lands 17 February
(25 Ed. I.) 1296-7 ; summoned to the parliament at
Salisbury on the 24th, and ordered to muster at
London in July for service in parts beyond the seas.
The King embarked for Flanders 22 August.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and was sum-
moned to attend musters at Newcastle-upon-Tyne,
York, Carlisle, and Berwick-upon-Tweed 1297-1322.
Fought at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298, and was
one of the besiegers of Caerlaverock Castle 1 1 July
1300.
Johans de Engaigne le ot jolie,
Rouge dance de or croiffillie.
John de Engaigne had a handsome one
Of red crusily, with a dancette of gold,
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE COLUMB he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, but the im-
pression of his seal was not in existence in 1611.
Earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to attend the
muster at Berwick-on-Tweed 8 September. Ordered
in July 1311 to proceed with as many followers as he
could raise against the Scots, who were ravaging the
north under Bruce.
Having sent the service of one knight's fee 28 Ed. I.,
and having made fine for one knight's fee and the
twelfth part of one knight's fee 31 Ed. I., he obtained
his writ of exoneration 29 May 1315.
Requested 30 August 1315 to continue stationed
in the northern parts during the winter campaign, in
consequence of the invasion of the Bishopric and the
unsuccessful siege of Carlisle 22 July to i August.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he was informed
in June 1318 of the invasion of the Scots. One of
the conservators of the peace for Hunts 1320.
Ordered 12 November 1321 to abstain from
attending the meeting of the " Good Peers " illegally
convened by the Earl of Lancaster to be held at
Doncaster. Enjoined 6 February following to raise
as many men-at-arms and foot soldiers as he could, and
(i4th) to muster at Coventry on the 28th for the pur-
pose of marching against the rebels or adherents of
the Earl of Lancaster. The battle of Boroughbridge
was fought 17 March 1321-2.
Aitthorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 583; II. div. 3,
812 ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 144; Roll of Caerlaverock,
ed. Wright, 13 ; Dr. Birch's Catalogue of Seals, British Museum,
9,471-4.
3Jot)n
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 6 FEBRUARY 1298-9 TO 13 DECEMBER 1309.
ARMS, 1298. — Porte dargent od la croyz de goules od v moletz dor en la croyz — Falkirk Roll.
Argent, on a cross gules five mullets or.
SIR JOHN AP ADAM, a marcher lord, and in
right of his wife held the lordships of Bever-
stone, county Gloucester, and of Barrow Gurney and
of East Harptree in Somersetshire.
Summoned to the parliament at Salisbury
24 February 1296-7, and in July to the muster at
London for service in parts beyond the seas. The
King embarked for Flanders 22 August.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and summoned
to attend musters at York, Carlisle, Berwick-upon-
Tweed, and Newcastle-upon-Tyne 1298-1310. Fought
at the battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298.
Summoned to the parliament at Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'N'S. DE BEVER-
STONE he joined in the letter addressed to the Pope
(12 February) by the Barons, as well on their part
as on the part of the "Communitas" of England,
but the impression of his seal was not in existence
in 1611.
He was one of the Conservators of the Peace in
Gloucestershire 1307, and was summoned (18 January)
to attend the Coronation of the King in Westminster
Abbey 25 February 1307-8.
Earnestly requested 2 August 1310 to attend the
muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed 8 September. Prof
fered the service of one knight's fee and a half
performed by three " servientes " with three barded
horses.
Said to have died in 1310.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 421 ; II. div.
419 ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 146.
NICHOLAS DE SEC RAVE.
189
DC
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT 24 JUNE 1295 TO 25 MAY 1321.
ARMS, 1298. — Porte de sable a un Icon dargent coronne dor a les lambcaux dc goulcs —
Falkirk Roll. Sable, a lyon argent crowned or, a labell (3) gules.*
NICHOLAS DE SEGRAVE, of Barton
Segrave, in Northamptonshire (f.z Nicholas,
lord Segrave), was ordered to muster at London July
1297 equis et armis for service in person in parts
beyond the seas. The King embarked for Flanders
22 August. Summoned 30 September to a council
or parliament held before Edward, the King's son and
lieutenant in England.
Warden of the Castles of Dumbarton and Ayr in
1291. He served in the wars with the Scots, and
was summoned to attend musters at Newcastle-upon-
Tyne, Carlisle, York, Berwick-upon-Tweed, and Rox-
burgh across the border 1298-1319; fought at the
battle of Falkirk 22 July 1298; was in the train of
and deputy to the Constable at the siege of Caerlaverock
Castle (i i July 1300).
Nicholas de Segrave o li,
Valiant pere ot, ki getta puer
Les garbes e le lyon prift,
Cil ot la baner fon pere,
Au label rouge por fon frere
Johan, ki li ainfnez eftoit,
E ki entiere la portoit.
O un lyonn de argent en sable
Rampant, e de or fin couronne
Fu la baner del ainfne.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St. Hilary
13-20 January 1300-1, and as D'x's. UE STOWE he
joined in the letter addressed to the Pope (12 Feb-
ruary) by the Barons, as well on their part as on the
part of the " Communitas " of England, but the
impression of his seal was not in existence in 1611.
Although his challenge to John de Cromwell,
who accused him of treason, was forbidden, he
crossed the sea to effect his purpose. On his return
by way of Dover, the Warden of the Cinque Ports
arrested him in the house of one Nicholas Archer ;
he was, however, rescued by the " Barons " of Dover.
On his ultimate submission to parliament 28 February
1304-5 he was sent to the Tower, and pronounced
by the " magnates " worthy of death. He was soon
pardoned and restored to favour, and so took part in
Edward's final campaign against Robert Bruce.
Summoned (18 January) to attend the King's
Coronation 25 February 1308. He was one of the
four " magnates " who supported Gaveston, and was
therefore included among those bad counsellors
With him was Nicholas de Segrave,
He had a valiant father, who wholly abandoned
The garbs and assumed the lyon ;
Nicholas used his father's banner,
With a red label, on account of his brother
John,t who was the eldest,
And who bore it entire.
Sable, with a silver lyon
Rampant, crowned with fine gold,
Was the banner of the eldest.
whom Edward promised to remove in August 1308.
Governor of Northampton Castle 1308 ; his appoint-
ment of Marshal of England 1 2 March 1 308, on the
death of Roger Bigod, led to the quarrel with William
le Marshall (page 150). Earnestly requested 2 August
1310 to attend the muster at Berwick-upon-Tweed
8 September.
Commanded 15 June 1311 to abstain from
* The compiler of the British Museum Catalogue of Seal*
unwarily ascribes the Counter Seal of Robert de Haslangs to
this de Segrave. Under the compiler's inspiration, the
Ancestor, No. 8, p. 103 note, "after its wonted fashion,
carelessly and wrongly" bolls the blunder, and brilliantly
explains an ingenious mare's nest of its own construction by
ascribing this Counter Seal to a man who not only never used
it, but did not even seal the Barons' letter as alleged. This
proves, if need be, the Ancestor's indebtedness to the
Catalogue, which it discreetly suppresses, and that the seals
themselves if seen at all by it have been seen to very little
purpose, for the Ancestor had quite innocently deprived
Haslangs of his undoubted Counter Seal. See also Notes to
de Tony, p. 115 ; Tregoz, p. 155 ; and Hastings, p. 161.
f See page in.
190
NICHOLAS DE SEGKA VE-SIR JOHN DE LISLE.
repairing to Norwich in the quarrel between Henry
de Segrave and Walter de Bernyngham. Peremp-
torily commanded 5 July to desist from such acts of
violence as assembling an armed force at Bury St.
Edmund's to march on Norwich. Prohibited 20 July
from attacking William le Mareschal in consequence
of dissensions between them, and from proceeding to
parliament with an armed force (8) August. Had
licence to castellate his manor house of Barton
Segrave in this year.
Requested 30 August 1315 to continue stationed
in the northern parts during the winter campaign
consequent upon the invasion of the bishopric
and the unsuccessful siege of Carlisle by the Scots
22 July to i August.
Segrave, tired of Edward's policy, attached him-
self to the Barons under Lancaster, and in 1317 his
apprehension was ordered, but cancelled in Septem-
ber. Letters of protection were granted him 25 Sep-
tember 1317 until St. Hilary (13-20 January) 1318
being one of the followers of the Earl of Lancaster,
and again on 22 October 1318 up to 7 August last.
As one of the " Majores Barones " he was informed
of the invasion of the Scots June 1318, and served
against them with Earl Thomas of Lancaster.
Requested 21 April 1321 to co-operate in ap-
peasing the disturbances, and also to refrain from
attending any illegal confederacies or assemblies, in
connection with the Despencers. Ordered 12 No-
vember following to abstain from attending the
meeting of the " Good Peers " illegally convened by
the Earl of Lancaster to be held at Doncaster. His
arms were also entered on the Boroughbridge Roll
March 1321-2.
He died in 1322.
Authorities. — Parliamentary Writs, I., 832; II. div. 3,
1416 ; C.S.I). ; Scotland in 1298, Falkirk, 133 ; Roll of
Caerlaverock, ed. Wright, 4.
tie
SUMMONED TO PARLIAMENT AS JOHN DE INSULA 29 DECEMBER 1299.
ARMS.— Or, a fess between two chevrons sable ; ascribed to Robert de Lisle in the St. George
Roll, temp. H. III. ; the chevrons gules, in the Cotton Roll.
JOHN DE LISLE, of Wodeton [Wotton], in the
Isle of Wight, which he held in demesne of
Isabella de Fortibus, Countess of Devon and
lady of the island. Governor of Carisbrook Castle
1267. Summoned to attend the muster at Worcester
May 1282 for service in the second invasion of Wales.
Summoned 8 June 1294 with about sixty other
" magnates " to attend the King upon urgent affairs
of the realm, and (i4th) excepted from the general
summons to serve with the King's expedition into
Gascony, but ordered to muster at Plymouth Novem-
ber 1295, and at London July 1297, to serve in
parts beyond the seas. The King embarked for
Flanders 22 August.
Served in the wars with the Scots, and summoned
to attend musters at Carlisle and York in 1299, 1300,
and 24 June 1301 under Edward, Prince of Wales.
Summoned to the parliament of Lincoln, St.
Hilary 13-20 Janu-
ary 1300-1, and as
D'N'S. DE WODETON
he joined in the letter
addressed to the
Pope (12 February)
by the Barons, as
well on their part as
on the part of the
" Communitas " of
England ; but the im-
pression of his seal
was not in existence in 1611.
Writ of diem dausit extremum dated at Stirling
10 June, 32 Ed. I., 1304.
Authorities. — Dignity of a Peer, 4th Report, 356 ; Parlia-
mentary Writs, I., 708.
PIEASE DO NOT REMOVE
CARDS OR SUPS FROM THIS POCKET
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY
Howard de Walden, Thomas
5896 Evelyn Scott-Ellis, 8th Baron
A1H68 Some feudal lords and their
seals